Hello everyone, I am taking history as a mirror of the ink on the sang, I am very happy to share with you some of the stories of the national treasures of the museum collection, this is the tenth issue, in this issue we talk about one of the "ten treasures" in the collection of the Hebei Museum, which is also the representative work of the famous Zhongshan civilization in the Warring States period of Yanzhao Dadi, and it is also one of the protagonists of this issue of CCTV's "National Treasure": the story of the wrong gold and silver four dragons and four phoenixes program.
Because the ancients sat on the ground by several, they could also call the "scheme" "several". "Wrong" is a process of gold and silver inlay. Each part is riveted and welded after casting, and in some places the curvature is large, and it is cast by the casting or lost wax method. The overall structure of this vessel is complex and suitable, the casting process is exquisite, the animal shape posture is beautiful, vivid and delicate, and it can be called a rare treasure.
Wrong gold and silver four dragons and four phoenix scheme
As we all know, in the Warring States period, there was a famous landmark event of the "Five Kingdoms Xiang Wang", that is, the five princely states recognized each other as kings, and the Zhou Tianzi was one level; at this point, all the monarchs of the Warring States Seven Xiongs were called kings, which marked the complete disappearance of the authority of the Zhou Dynasty.
So who are these five countries? They were: the Kingdom of Wei, the State of Korea, the State of Zhao, the State of Yan, and the State of Zhongshan.
The first four are all good understanding of the Warring States Seven Heroes, Zhongshan Kingdom as a nomadic regime even dared to claim the king?
Zhongshan Kingdom's mountain type: up "mountain" down "middle"
Sure enough, Zhongshan's claim to the throne caused dissatisfaction among the great powers, and the State of Qi once condemned Zhongshan as king. Later, after the Zhao state became strong, it destroyed the Zhongshan kingdom, and since then the Zhongshan kingdom has been submerged in the long river of history, and everyone has not known anything about the special and unique culture of the regime established by this nomadic people for two thousand years.
Time flowed rapidly in the long river of history, and in 1974, farmers in Sanji Township, Pingshan County, Hebei Province, discovered some ancient cultural relics while leveling their farmland. Archaeologists who received the news quickly rushed to the scene to clean up and investigate. With the deepening of the investigation, archaeologists found that this is not a tomb of the Han Dynasty, but a city site of the Warring States period, and it was the capital of the Zhongshan Kingdom at that time - Lingshou Ancient City!
After more than 2,200 years, the disappeared Zhongshan Kingdom once again revealed his true face to people.
Ancient ZhongshanGuo Exhibition
But this huge discovery was accompanied by a large number of burglary holes, with few valuable artifacts found in several royal tombs, and just when the archaeologists were frustrated, an accident occurred.
When a migrant worker was collecting soil, he accidentally stepped on a large hole, and the big hole that came out of this foot was actually a burial vault independent of the burial chamber. This unique design avoids tomb robbers and leaves us with many legendary national treasures. According to statistics, more than 19,000 cultural relics unearthed in the burial vaults found include bronze, iron, gold and silver, pottery, jade, agate, bone horns, wood lacquerware, etc., which shocked the world. The national treasure "Wrong Gold, Silver, Four Dragons, Four Phoenixes and Copper Scheme" introduced in this issue is among them.
"Wrong gold and silver four dragons four phoenix copper scheme"
"Wrong Gold, Silver, Four Dragons, Four Phoenixes, And Copper Program": a national first-class cultural relic, one of the sixty-four cultural relics prohibited from going abroad under the State Council. The case surface has decayed, only the case seat remains, the height is 36.2 cm, the frame edge is 47.5 cm long, the ring seat diameter is 31.8 cm, and the weight is 18.65 kg. The utensils are surrounded by misaligned gold and silver patterns, and the craftsmanship is complex and exquisite.
sika deer
From the bottom up, this national treasure is two males, two females and four sika deer kneeling at the bottom; above them are four golden dragons with two tails, the dragon head supports the bucket arch, and the double tail is coiled to the sides to hook the double horns on the head. Then four phoenix wings gather in the center to form a hemispherical shape, and the crest leads out of the neck of the dragon's tail.
tap
On one side of the case frame is inscribed with the inscription twelve characters along the mouth: "Fourteen Qi, Right Car, Fu Guo, Gong Scabies". It describes the level of the tomb of the maker of the utensils and the owner of the tomb, and the vast burial scene. To the effect of "Zhongshan 'wrong' Wang Xi4 years, right car craftsman 'Guo' production, supervision worker 'scabies'"
Dragon Phoenix
From this cultural relic, it can be clearly seen that zhongshan is different from the art style of the Central Plains.
According to statistics, the entire pattern of this cultural relic is cast by Tao Fan into parts, a total of 186 pieces of Tao Fan are used, and after many casting and welding (40 casting joints, 60 welding points) to form a finished product with such a complex structure. The whole piece of artifacts is a combination of casting, inlaying, welding and other processes, complex and exquisite, breaking through the traditional techniques of bronze animal modeling based on relief or circular carving in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties.
Faucet local
And there is an interesting little story about this national treasure:
It is said that when this artifact was unearthed, the lacquerware wooden panels on the copper case had already decayed after two thousand years, and the collapsed soil had crushed the plan and needed to be repaired. Restoring this national treasure-level cultural relic is a difficult task, and it is necessary to preserve the cultural relics as they are to the greatest extent possible, and cannot cause damage to the cultural relics.
After the staff put the case in the restoration room of the Institute of Cultural Relics, Mr. Liu Zengkun, who was responsible for the restoration of cultural relics, did not start immediately, but brewed tea every day to carefully observe the artifacts, staring at the national treasure for three days, Mr. Liu only began to use a hacksaw to unravel the cultural relics with the least number of saws, repaired and then re-welded, after his clever hand repair, this national treasure restored its original charm.
All along, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage has attached great importance to this thing, and stipulates that it is not allowed to turn the mold and copy it. There was once a Cultural Relics Department in Beijing that planned to use other means to reproduce the cultural relics, but the process was too complicated to complete.
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