Xu Haitao
The drum tower, commonly known as the Bell and Drum Tower in the folk, is an official building that almost every larger city in ancient times had, and there are bells and drums hanging on the upper floor. Repaired in the forty-fifth year of the Ming Dynasty (1617), the building structure is majestic, with a large bell chime and a large drum to guard the police. It was destroyed at the end of the Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in the Qing Dynasty. It was demolished in the 1950s, and the bell weighed more than 3.5 tons and was moved to Wenshu Monastery. There is a cave under the drum tower, which can be passed in a north-south direction, and is commonly known as the drum tower cave.
Gulou North 1st Street is the first street located in the north of The Drum Tower, and there are several streets north of the north, north, three and four north. Today I only put the old dragon gate array on the north street of the drum tower.
In the 1950s and 1960s, Gulou North 1st Street was no ordinary small street, this 200-meter-long street was very lively, and it can be said that it is a microcosm of the old Chengdu street market
The north first street of the drum tower starts from the east exit of Fanyin Temple Street in the south to the drum tower cave street, and the west entrance of the west street of the Martyrs' Shrine in the north is connected to the north second street of the drum tower, and the east crosses the second alley.
The north-south direction of Drum Tower North 1st Street is almost lined with two-storey houses, with double numbers on the east side and single numbers on the west side. Every few days there is a deep yard, such as no. 3, 11, 19, 45, 59, 8, 46, etc.
There is also a very deep alley between No. 8 and No. 46, called "Erxiangzi", and there are seven or eight deep house compounds in the Erxiangzi.
Erxiangzi North Exit is a shop that sells stationery and paper cigarettes. Sell stationery supplies such as erasers, pencils, brushes, inks, etc. Cigarettes can be opened to zero, and you can buy one or two.
In the early 1950s, Shop 9 was a shop that sold sesame oil and tahini. The owner is a Rongxian native, a man who ran to Chengdu to make a living and opened a workshop here to produce sesame oil and tahini. Hire blind people to push and grind sesame seeds with stone grinding. Blind people, though invisible to the eye, have an amazing memory. At that time, many owners of sesame oil workshops in Chengdu liked to hire blind people to push the mill, and when I interviewed the old Chengdu people, they always had to mention that there were two or several blind people pushing the mill in the sesame oil workshop.
Elderly people recall that whenever sesame oil and tahini sauce are produced in the workshop, the aroma can float half a street. Every morning, people who come to buy wait in long lines in front of the door. Later, because sesame seeds were listed by the state as a unified purchase and sales item, they were often out of stock, and sesame oil workshops could only do stops.
Later, the public-private partnership, the handicraft workshop was also acquired.
Is the house number of Gulou North 1st Street from south to north?
Number 2 is the east side of the south end, and there is a shoe patch stall.
No. 4 and No. 6 are two open "Xishu noodle shops"
Then there is a barber shop, the master and owner is surnamed Yin.
Number 12 is "Liu Pot Helmet". Number 16 is a comic strip shop.
Number 18 is a small restaurant.
No. 48, 50, 52 are three shops that are engraved by crafts, helping people to engrave official seals, private seals, and various seals.
Let's talk about the single number here:
No. 5 is a bamboo oil basket that seems to be surnamed Zhao. As the saying goes, "the bamboo basket hits the water empty", why can the oil basket woven by bamboo be used to hold oil without leaking? The oil basket is denser than the bamboo basket, and more importantly, the paste mixed with pig blood and tung oil is touched on the oil basket, and the paste mixed with pig blood and tung oil can be used to fill the oil.
Number 9 is a carpenter with the surname Du and has five dolls. A family of seven was crammed into a house, a living room, a bedroom, a kitchen, and a wooden workshop.
No. 11 is a compound dam 49 years ago I don't know which rich man became a residential house after 49 years, living in more than a dozen families.
No. 17 is a shop, selling cooked red amaranth. No. 21 no. 23 sells brine meat, and every afternoon to sell "slag meat" is said to be the corner material of the cannery to make canning. The price is much more fragrant than the general meat, it seems to be only a pound of triangle money, and the price is very popular. When we were studying and working in the pharmacy of Sichuan Medical College, the canteen would sell "throat tube meat", the pharmaceutical factory produced throat tablets, using the cartilage of the pig's throat, the meat next to the cartilage was the corner residue, and the way we studied labor was to buckle the meat next to these cartilages, the cartilage was taken to produce throat slices, and the meat was taken to the canteen, made into cold mixed meat, and sold very fragrantly.
No. 25 was a clinic specializing in the treatment of bruises, and later the house was demolished and a new alley was built to fanyin temple street.
Gulou North 1st Street originally had a Furong Pavilion Tea House, which opened in the eighteenth year of the Qing Dynasty (1892), which was the most famous "book field" (that is, the quyi performance venue in the tea house) in Chengdu in the late Qing Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty.
The owner of Furong Pavilion is surnamed Zhou, and uses the three characters of Furong Pavilion as the signature of his tea shop.
In the 1940s and 1950s, Zhou Zhongyuan, the owner of Furong Pavilion, was good at business and turned a Furong Pavilion into a windmill.
The Furong Pavilion is not only wide but also very deep, divided into front hall, middle hall and back hall.
The tea customers are settled in the front hall, and all the tea is sold. The middle hall has a stage for performances, and the back hall serves as a home.
Sichuan opera artists in Chengdu have performed here for a long time. Including the famous actor Zhou Qihe, he has also performed here. During the performance, a small sign was hung in front of the door, which said, Tonight, Zhou Qihe will perform the Sichuan opera "Yingxian Shop".
The famous funny king of Rongcheng, Zeng Bingkun, also performed here.
Zeng Bingkun said what he said in the book, and he could not say three sentences, which must have caused the whole hall to laugh.
Qing Yin sang: "Pull the official by the hand, and sit on the broken bridge..."
Zeng Bingkun's book said: "The bridges are broken, why sit down?" Then raise a fire bench and sit down! This kind of humor and humor caused everyone to laugh.
A generation of famous doctors Pu Fu Zhou's family lived in the summer socks North 1st Street, but the medical center where he practiced had been in Gulou North 4th Street. On the gate of the medical center, there is a famous inscription given by the patient: "The doctor of the country is a heavy doctor, mr. Yamanaka Zaisuke; to save the hunger and save the disease early, the masses call the world Yi zhou." ”
Pu Fuzhou (1888-1975) Zi Tong people. At the age of 18, he went to Chengdu to practice medicine independently. He recruited the strengths of famous medical experts and folk doctors, treated diseases regardless of whether they were rich or poor, and applied medicine to the poor, especially in 1945 to extinguish the epidemic of pediatric measles in Chengdu, and quickly became a famous doctor in Shu. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he was transferred to Beijing at the Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, where he treated the patients of Premier Zhou Enlai and other national leaders and internationally renowned friends for a long time, serving as vice president of the Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, member of the Chinese Medicine Professional Committee of the State Science and Technology Commission, executive director of the Chinese Medical Association, member of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and deputy to the National People's Congress.
There is a lot of food on the north side of the summer socks, there is a "Xinmin canteen", and the opposite of the Xinmin canteen is the workshop of the old Zhang duck in the rat cave. Every autumn, duck herders drive ducks from the Meishan area to Chengdu, and a large group of ducks fill the streets, carrying ducks on their shoulders that have been unable to walk. After the master slaughtered the ducks, they put them in several large wooden basins, blanched them with boiling water and removed the hair. The way to go to Mao is done by the children nearby. Everyone gathered around and used the feather clip to clean the duck feathers. Hit a whole duck for three cents.
Every day at four or five o'clock in the afternoon, the shopkeepers would take the processed ducks to the Zhang Duck Shop on Titus Street by human tricycle, and the fragrance along the way always caused people to drool.
The history of the rat hole open duck is relatively long.
In 1928, at the age of fourteen, Zhang Guoliang dropped out of school due to the compulsion of life, and ran his own roast duck pickle business with his father Zhang Yueting at the mouth of the Rat Cave. Due to the excellent quality, good taste, different flavor, and refreshing taste of the Zhang family's duck, it quickly spread word of mouth. At the end of 1931, Zhang's father and son moved the roast duck stall to the door of the "Jiangdong Bathroom" opposite the rat hole, still set up a stall by the door, and put two square tables and a table in the door opening to sell wine, which was officially opened, taking the name of "Fuluxuan", but people still called it "Zhang Duck of the Rat Cave".
The year after opening the store, Zhang Yueting died of illness, and the eighteen-year-old Zhang Guoliang took his two younger brothers Zhang Junchao and Zhang Juncai and a family of young and old to survive the business. After eight years of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and several years of liberation war, although the times were difficult, the fame and brand of Zhang Duck in The Rat Cave were well-known and well-known inside and outside the province. In the early 1949, Zhang Guoliang's second brother Zhang Junchao died of illness, and the third brother Zhang Juncai changed his profession to carpentry. The burden of zhang duck's business and brand heritage in the rat cave was borne by Zhang Guoliang alone. In 1956, Zhang Duck became a "public-private partnership" enterprise, which was later converted into a state-run store, and Mr. and Mrs. Zhang Guoliang remained in the store as ordinary employees. In 1981, at the age of 68, Zhang Guoliang retired and was invited back to the store as a technical director, until he was 75 years old in 1988, before he completely left the world-famous food brand "Rat Dong Zhang Duck", which was founded by his father and the two of them.
After the reform and opening up, the north first street of Gulou came out with a famous Snack in Chengdu, "Second Sister Rabbit Ding". The boss of the second sister Rabbit Ding is called Chen Yonghui. Someone asked her how she got the second sister rabbit ding, she replied with a smile: "My husband and I used to work in a street factory, he was my master who learned to be a car worker, how good a person, responsible for the work, hand in hand to teach me to learn technology, day and night to get along with each other also has feelings, we settled near the South Gate Rainbow Bridge." In the early 1980s, we went to the sea, the two discussed the amount, opened a private restaurant in Gulou Street, mixed spicy rabbit ding was deeply loved by buyers, and later changed to specialize in mixing spicy rabbit ding, I ranked second, known as the second sister, the name of the store is called Chen Ji second sister rabbit ding shop, did not expect to be named Chengdu famous snack by the Chengdu Municipal People's Government in December 1990. ”
The second sister put up her own dragon gate array with salt and taste, and she put up her own distinctive second sister rabbit dice, which is even more proud and not pretentious: rabbit diced rabbit, as the name suggests, is to cut the cooked white rabbit meat into small square pieces. The second sister rabbit diced meat more bones less, and do not add rabbit brain shell, rabbit brain shell meat less bone more, only suitable for slowly gnawing, the second sister rabbit is a small piece of tender rabbit meat, plus special blending of ingredients, eat delicious and delicious. She confessed: "The reason why the taste is different is that the trick is on this tempeh. "Because the rabbit meat is tight and not easy to taste, the seasoning is also difficult to attach to the meat." After countless attempts, she crushed the tempeh into a puffy, so that it was "flavored", and the black and autumn seasoning turned out to be the cornerstone of success.
The second sister rabbit Ding and the rat hole Zhang duck, everyone knows.
I would like to show you here that Qin Dejun once lived in The North First Street of Gulou before.
Qin Dejun, the people who may know are much better.
Qin Dejun is a legendary woman, and can also be said to be a "strong woman".
She was introduced on Baidu as follows: Qin Dejun (August 15, 1905 – January 12, 1999), a native of Zhong County, Chongqing. Yi. In 1923, he joined the Communist Party of China, engaged in revolutionary activities for a long time, and in 1931 he was appointed as a senator of the 21st Army Headquarters of the National Revolutionary Army and a senator of the 7th Theater Command. After liberation, he served as a counselor of the Ministry of Education and later a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
Qin Dejun is an ethnic group of Qin Liangyu.
Qin Dejun's first husband's name was MuJibo, and they had a son, a daughter and two children. They were together from 1920 to 1927. Mu Jibo, male, (1889~1976) a native of Hejiang, Sichuan, graduated from Chengdu Higher Normal School, and entered the Sichuan Provincial Research Museum of Literature and History in 1957. He was a professor at Northwest University, Sun Yat-sen University, and Southwest Normal University. He is a member of the Sichuan Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and the deputy director of the Sichuan Provincial Library. He is a well-known scholar who was active in the field of secondary language education in the 1920s. Famous early language educator.
In the spring of 1923, at the age of 18, Qin Dejun studied at the National Southeast University in Nanjing, introduced by Deng Zhongxia, and honorably joined the Communist Party of China. He was also ordered to preside over the founding of the Human Rights Daily together with two other comrades. After the "May Thirtieth Movement" in 1925, the Human Rights Daily was forced to stop running, Qin Dejun was in danger, and the Communist Party organization arranged for her to go to Xi'an, under the cover of teaching, to continue to secretly engage in revolutionary work.
Here, she met Liu Bojian.
Qin Dejun, who is Mu Jibo's wife, did not hesitate to go out of the wall with red apricots and talked about love with Liu Bojian.
In November 1927, Qin Dejun gave birth to Qiu Yan, a daughter of Liu Bojian, in peace. Mu Jibo accepted the illegitimate daughter, took care of her with her two children, and took Qin Dejun, who had recently given birth, to Nanchang and nanjing.
One day in early July 1928, Mao Dun assumed the pseudonym "Fang Baozong" and Qin Dejun assumed the pseudonym "Xu Fang" and boarded the Japanese merchant ship from Shanghai to Kobe.
Qin Dejun's memoirs said that during the voyage of the ship, the two had quickly warmed up, and Mao Dun, who was obviously ten years older than her, would affectionately call her "sister", and repeatedly described in detail in the book, emphasizing that she served as his spiritual pillar during Mao Dun's fall, encouraged him to reinvigorate himself, became his "goddess", and assisted him in completing the famous novel "Rainbow".
Whenever he exuded depression and pessimism, I always patiently advised him to join him in analyzing the imminent passing of the revolutionary low tide, and encouraged him to pick himself up, to look ahead, to move forward. I also encouraged him to come with me to the Soviet Union. Mao Dun was very touched, saying that he was like sinking in the wind and waves, and it was hard to catch a life-saving vine like me. Since then, Mao Dun's mood has gradually become cheerful, and he is no longer as lost and depressed as before. ”
Qin Dejun's "A Love Affair Between Me and Mao Dun" ("Hundred Years Tide", No. 4, 19 97)
When they arrived in Kyoto, the two lived together, and Qin took care of his daily life and assisted him in writing novels and essays. The two had planned to go to the Soviet Union, but failed to achieve it.
In August 1929, Qin Dejun was pregnant with Mao Dun's child, and she secretly returned to Shanghai by boat and performed abortion surgery in the hospital.
Kong Delan is Mao Dun's original wife arranged by his parents,
She also gave birth to a pair of children for Mao Dun, and during Mao Dun's flight to Japan, she served her mother, raised children, and lived a difficult life by doing small work doing other people's laundry.
Over time, Kong Delan heard the news that Mao Dun and Qin Dejun were living together in Japan
At the beginning of 1930, the living environment in Japan deteriorated, and in April Mao Dun and Qin Dejun returned to China by boat and lived in Yang Xianjiang's home.
Mao Dun's wife, Kong Delan, often went to his residence to cry, while Mao Dun's mother firmly advocated that Mao Dun and Kong Delan break the mirror and reunite, Mao Dun was always very filial and obedient, and was embarrassed for a while.
Once the three people sat together on the bench in the park, Mao Dun sat in the middle, and none of the three of them broke the silence first, at that time Qin Dejun had already felt Mao Dun's wavering.
Four months later, the two ended the relationship, and Mao Dun proposed a "four-year contract", in which he would pay the divorce fee with the fees obtained from four years of writing, and then they would try to be good for a hundred years.
When the two broke up, Mao Dun dragged Qin Dejun to a photo studio to take a six-inch photo, each holding one to commemorate the temporary separation.
Photo of Mao Dun's breakup with Qin Dejun
At this time, Qin Dejun was pregnant again, and she had to go to a Japanese hospital alone and have an abortion.
After that, he was physically and mentally injured, and was carried back to his hometown in Sichuan by his nephew.
Qin Dejun returned to his hometown to recuperate, and in the spring of 1931 in Chongqing, he served as the commander of the Sichuan Army, Liu Xiang, a counselor of the 21st Army Headquarters of the National Revolutionary Army, and a female senator of the 7th Theater Headquarters.
In 1934 she married Liu Xiang's chief of staff, Wang Xinwei.
"Later Wang Xinwei proposed to me, I did not love him, but as a woman, wandering for half a life, I want to have a home, my own home, not to send someone under the fence"
This was the reason why Qin Dejun married him.
"I know that Wang Xinwei was Liu Xiang's 'Commander of The Red Army' at that time, and that all the Red Army that entered Sichuan territory was led by him to 'clear and suppress'. ...... And the only thing I can do is to use this opportunity to prevent Wang Xinwei from fighting the Red Army. This is a prerequisite I made to agree to get married, and he said yes."
In 1934, when He Long led the Red Army through Sichuan, Wang Xinwei listened to Qin Dejun's persuasion and did not send troops to pursue and intercept them, which can be found in the "Shehong Party History Materials".
After the "July Seven Incident" in 1937, Liu Xiang shuai Sichuan army resisted Japan, did not want to recur a stomach disease, vomited blood and died, Qin Dejun, who had no position, abandoned his home and ran away from Chengdu to Chongqing.
At this time, Qin Dejun met Guo Chuntao in Chongqing, who had worked in Feng Yuxiang's Northwest Army, when she was Mu Jibo's wife and mother of two children.
Who would have thought that in the past ten years, Qin Dejun had what kind of experience, cheating, giving birth to an illegitimate daughter, living together and having an abortion, fleeing to Japan, and being an officer's wife... Qin Dejun still wanted to go to the Soviet Union to study, and Guo Chuntao promised to help her move forward. However, Zhou Enlai instructed Guo Chuntao to work in Chongqing, and Qin Dejun became Guo Chuntao's assistant, and due to like-mindedness and frequent contacts, in 1943, Qin Dejun and Guo Chuntao were officially married.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the couple went to Shanghai and secretly engaged in underground work.
On the eve of the liberation of Shanghai, Qin Dejun was arrested to cover Guo Chuntao. Tortured in prison.
In May 1949, she was sentenced to death by a Kuomintang court, and on the eve of her execution, the People's Liberation Army marched at a rapid pace to free her from the enemy's butcher's knife.
Regrettably, shortly after the founding of New China, Guo Chuntao died of illness on June 30, 1950 due to overwork. Qin Dejun and his marriage have only gone through seven years.
In February 1999, Qin Dejun died.
Among qin Dejun's five relationships in his life, the one who was most hurt was probably from Mao Dun.
After the "four-year covenant" that could not be fulfilled, Qin Dejun burned the photos of the group photo they had taken when they broke up, and the letters sent to him by Mao Dun.
In his autobiography "The Road I Walked" in his later years, Mao Dun did not mention a single word about his and Qin Dejun's life in Japan.