Yi Yin's sage was almost overthrown by the tomb robbers. 0102030405

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Anyone who went to middle school and read Chinese history and asked him who Yi Yin was, he would tell you: Yi Yin was a famous courtier and politician who assisted Cheng Tang in overthrowing the Xia Dynasty and establishing the Shang Dynasty. If this person had read some extracurricular books, perhaps he would have told you that Cheng Tang was married to a daughter of the Xin clan, and Yi Yin was a slave to the dowry, and he made a good soup. Yi Yin used how to make a good pot of soup as an example, to teach the soup the way to govern the country, and to rule a big country if it cooks small fresh. The words were spoken in a convincing way, and Yi Yin successfully transferred from a chef to a position of Asuna (equivalent to the position of Xiangguo. For the sake of convenience, I will directly call this position Xiangguo in the following, please do not take it as a mistake), and complete the leap from the lowly slave to the country. Next, Yi Yin helped Cheng Tang escape from Xia Jie's captivity, enhance the economic and military strength of the Shang State, advise Cheng Tang, and calmly command behind Cheng Tang in the Battle of Mingtiao that overthrew Xia Jie's tyranny, and finally changed the land to heaven and created the foundation of Yin Shang for hundreds of years. Is his history of struggle from a kitchen slave to a ruler of the country very successful and inspiring?

In the spring and autumn and the history of history, although there are slight discrepancies in the details of Yi Yin's records from birth to becoming an emperor, the basic context of this chef to Xiangguo is quite consistent.

Yi Yin not only became an official, but also made a good dish, and was revered as the grandfather of the chef; he changed the way of taking Chinese herbal medicine from chewing food to cooking soup, and was revered as the ancestor of chinese medicine decoction; he explained the way of governing the country to the monarchs such as ChengTang, and was revered as the ancestor of the national teacher. Among the founding heroes of the past generations, there are not many people who have died well, cunning rabbits have been cooked as dogs, and many people have been beheaded by noon gate on charges that can not be used. Yi Yin was different, he served five monarchs in the position of first assistant, and worked until he died of old age. The banishment of Taijia and the return of the government to Taijia have made him the brightest star in the past, and the name of "Iho's Virtue" has been remembered in history. In fact, that Huo Guang was just learning from Yi Yin.

In short, Yi Yin can not only make meritorious achievements, but also have inventions, the position is extremely popular, and he also cooks a good dish, which is simply a perfect man, a fighter among men!

Who would have thought that this perfect human setting would almost be overturned by a tomb robber?!

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The story of Yi Yin and Tai Jia is briefly listed here.

After the establishment of the Shang Dynasty, Cheng Tang named Yi Yin "Yin", and the name of Yi Yin came from this. When the Emperor Fu of the Jin Dynasty annotated the "History of Yin Benji", he explained, "Yin, Zhengye, is said to be tang to make the world straight", that is, he formulated the law to define right and wrong, teachers and teachers of the world. Therefore, Yi Yin not only became Chengtang's teacher, but also continued to assume the responsibility of a teacher to the four generations of Shangjun who followed him, Nameng, Zhongren, Taijia, and Woding.

Taijia was the eldest grandson of Cheng Tang and the fourth monarch of the Shang Dynasty. Under the supervision of Yi Yin, he was still decent at the beginning of his succession, and there was no chaos. From the beginning of the third year, the growing age and the conceit brought about by the long-term holding of the supreme power made him less obedient to Yi Yin's words, arbitrarily giving orders, coveting pleasure, and abusing the people, all the way to the direction of Xia Jie. Yi Yin repeatedly dissuaded him, so he had to take out the authority of the teacher and send Taijia to tonggongguan near the Chengtang cemetery for confinement, so that he could reflect on his repentance.

During the exile of Taijia, Yi Yin daijun came to power, working closely with other ministers and elders to issue directives such as "Yi Xun", "Wanton Life", and "After the Death", discussing what can be done, what things cannot be done, and how to continue the moral government of the ChengTang period. The Shang Dynasty was very supportive of Yi Yin and was willing to listen to his teachings and commands. The chaos caused by the Taijia chaos gradually subsided, and the economic situation and social stability of the Shang Dynasty were repaired.

Locked up in the Tong Palace, Taijia faces his grandfather's mausoleum every day and has to seriously think about why his grandfather is so respected and he is so hated. He conscientiously studied Yi Yin's precepts, deeply reflected on his repentance, and slowly became peaceful and modest, and the evil side of human nature disappeared and the good side grew day by day.

Yi Yin often sent people to see Taijia, instruct him to study, and observe his performance. After three years, Yi Yin thought that Taijia had been reformed, so he personally came to Tong Palace to greet him, returned the power to manage the world, and retired to the position of assistant.

Yi Yin was the founding father of the Shang Dynasty, and the high-ranking officials and nobles in the dynasty respected him, the army listened to him, and the people loved him. On such a popular basis, after he came to power on behalf of the monarch, he could completely cling to power and continue to govern, even changing dynasties. After all, power is too tempting for people, and once it is in their hands, few people are willing to let go again. Yi Yin took the initiative to return to the government and was not bound by the peak of power, and this kind of loyalty was really rare.

After Taijia was restored to the throne, he diligently cultivated morality and governed the Shang Dynasty to the hearts of the princes and the people were at peace. Yi Yin praised his progress in time and wrote three articles of "Taijia", affirming the virtuousness of Taijia. Taijia and Yi Yin, a prodigal son, a regal and an indifferent and sincere, continued the Junming Chenxian of the Chengtang period.

However, a tomb robbery case in the Western Jin Dynasty actually slashed a knife on this harmonious picture, almost subverting Yi Yin's sage.

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In 281 (the second year of Emperor Taikang of the Jin Dynasty), an ancient tomb in Ji Commandery (汲郡; present-day Weihui City, Henan) was excavated. When the local villagers found out, they quickly reported to the officials that the tomb robbers were not allowed (not that the tomb robbers were not allowed, but that the name of the tomb robbers was "not allowed", pronounced fǒu biāo no bid) and soon fell into the legal net. According to his account, after entering the dark ancient tomb, no treasure was found, only a pile of bamboo pieces written with strange words and a bronze sword. In order to rummage through the treasure, many bamboo pieces were burned by him for illumination, and many bamboo pieces were broken when rummaging.

Sima Yan, emperor of the Jin Dynasty, was the grandson of Sima Yi, and after the famous door, he was a person who loved to read. He listened to the report of a large number of bamboo janes excavated from the ancient tomb, and knew that this was an ancient book, such as a treasure. He cleared out zhu jian and sent it to the capital Luoyang, where he was put in charge of the two high-ranking officials in charge of the edicts, namely, the Zhongshu supervisor Xun Xun (xù), Zhongshu Ling (中書令), and Qiáo (qiáo), and gathered dozens of cultural celebrities such as Shu Shu (xī), Fu Zhan (zàn), Zhang Zhou, and Wei Heng to sort out and interpret them. After several years of hard work, more than 100,000 words and 75 manuscripts were finally compiled, including common classics such as the I Ching, Chinese, The Biography of Mu Tianzi, the Book of Zhou, and the Trivia, as well as a history book. According to the contents of bronze sword inscriptions and texts, scholars have confirmed that the stolen tomb was the tomb of King Wei Xiang during the Warring States period.

Because it was found from the ancient tomb of Ki-gun and sorted out, it is called the "Kizuka Book". Among them, the history books record important historical events from the legendary era of the Five Emperors, the Xia Dynasty, and until the Wei Xiang King, and the history after the Jin Dynasty, in the annals of the Wei Kings, indicating that this book is recorded and passed down by the historians of the State of Wei. Because it was written on the bamboo jane, it was named "Bamboo Book Chronicle".

The description of the relationship between Yi Yin and Taijia in the Bamboo Book Chronicle completely subverts classic history books such as "Spring and Autumn" and "Shi Ji". According to the Bamboo Book Chronicle, Yi Yin exiled Taijia to Tong Palace and ascended to the throne himself instead of ruling on his behalf. Isn't this a coup d'état! And Tai Jia did not put down the butcher knife to become a Buddha, but was angry about exile, he found an opportunity to secretly abscond, returned to the capital to kill Yi Yin, Li Yi Yin's two sons as a phase, restored his rule over the Shang.

People know the sage Yi Yin from the past history books, and it is known that he assisted four more generations of Shang jun after The death of Cheng Tang, including Taijia's son Wo Ding. The "Bamboo Book Chronicle" came out, and Yi Yin's image changed from Kuang Zhengjun to usurper of power and throne, from death to death at high life to defeat and murder, which is also too ruined! Which account is true? Can the history books still be believed? Yi Yin's virtuous personality was actually subverted by a tomb robber, this plot is also too bloody, right?

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Qin Shi Huang burned books to pit Confucianism, so that all the history books of the princely states outside the Qin State were burned, and the description of historical events could only be preserved from the perspective of the Qin State. Therefore, future generations of history cultivators can only be based on the records left by the historians of the Qin State. Most of the works of the hundreds of sons were collected and sorted by later generations, and even rewrote by memories, and the process of copying was inevitably wrong.

The "I Ching", "Chinese", "Mu Tianzi Biography", "Zhou Shu", "Trivia", etc., in the Kizuka Book, had been buried before the birth of Qin Shi Huang, escaping the disaster of book burning, allowing people to peek into the early versions of these classics, which was very helpful in correcting the errors in transmission. The emergence of the "Bamboo Book Chronicle" provides a different perspective for future generations to understand ancient history than that of Qin historians, and also allows many deliberately cover up historical facts.

Sima Qian wrote the "Records of History", according to the historical data he had, it is believed that after Pan Geng moved to Yin, the Shang Dynasty was destroyed by Zhou in 773 years after the eighth and twelfth kings. According to this calculation, the average reign of the twelve kings is more than sixty-four years, and the life expectancy of nearly half of the emperors is more than one hundred years, which is obviously unreliable even under the current medical conditions. According to the "Bamboo Book Chronicle", this history is only two hundred and seventy-three years, which is more reasonable. The discovery and interpretation of the oracle bone in modern times proves that the Bamboo Book Chronicle is correct.

So, is the relationship between Yi Yin and Tai Jia recorded in the Bamboo Book Chronicle more accurate than the already well-known ending of Ming Junxian Xiang? This issue is more controversial. Still based on the interpretation of the oracle bones, historians have found that Yi Yin was a symbol of shiquan and had a lofty status throughout the Shang Dynasty; Yi Yin's descendants were of high status and great power; and the Records of Yi Yin's exile of Taijia and the return of Taijia also appeared many times in the Confessions and Documents of the Shang Dynasty, so it seems that the "Bamboo Book Chronicle" is not reliable in its record of this event, and this time it is more credible that people have learned to read the historical classics.

The emergence of the Bamboo Book Chronicle has made scholars realize that the historical records of the history books and the Hundred Classics of the Sons and Hundred Schools may not be accurate, and need to be verified and interpreted from multiple ways. This understanding led to the independence of historiography from scripture and its specialty. This change in the academic classification structure makes the traditional Chinese academic system more scientific and of great significance.

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Unfortunately, the "Bamboo Book Chronicle" compiled during the Western Jin Dynasty was already scattered during the Song Dynasty. The version we see now was collected and compiled by scholars in the Ming and Qing dynasties, which caused many differences. Even if the tomb owner of the tomb of Zangjian is the king of Wei Xiang or the king of Wei An (xī), there are two views. There are more disagreements.

The "Bamboo Book Chronicle" was scattered again, which was the result of the frequent wars and chaos after the two Jin Dynasties, and was also caused by the study of a small number of people. Because the famous Confucians at that time were already accustomed to the traditional history books on the record of history, when new views appeared, they were difficult to accept, especially when the Bamboo Book Chronicle subverted the image of the ancient sages and sages and the ancestors of the Great Confucians. Therefore, when evaluating students and judging talents, they are more accustomed to basing themselves on traditional views. It's like when you take the college entrance exam, where the standard answer is wrong, and students are certainly unwilling or afraid to find new solutions. In the preface to the Qing Dynasty Zhu Youzeng's "Jizuka Chronicle Cunzhen", he pointed out to the point: "Scholars are immersed in what they have learned, and in order to be obedient to the "Taishi Gongshu" and the legend of the Han Dynasty scribes, they will not study it again, and they will not study it again, and they will be different from each other. More than six hundred years old, the book died. Everyone is busy answering questions according to the standard answers, taking the high score to get the title of the gold list, and only then can the high-ranking officials have to be ridden as horses, who cares whether it is true or false?

In this way, whether Yi Yin exiled Tai Jia to take the throne or overthrow Tai Jia to take the throne; whether to welcome Back Tai Jia or be killed by Tai Jia, fewer and fewer people continued to care about these issues; and Yi Yin's sage design was also less and less questioned.

This is good for everyone, continue to be a gentleman and a sage, and continue to be a deze for eternity.

After all, the history written is a trade-off or even a modification of historical facts according to needs, rather than the historical facts themselves.

Therefore, when we read history and all kinds of books, we should retain a little doubt, and not blindly believe. There will be doubt, there will be exploration, and there will be further discovery of the truth.

It is better to believe in books than to have no books.