Text/Zhang Binke
In recent years, with the transformation of the market, the prospects of sweet persimmons have changed rapidly, and there has been a leap forward in development. At present, it is developing rapidly in the south, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Anhui and Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Shaanxi and other northern regions. It has swept the whole country and swept Kyushu, so how many people favor it, so I think the development of sweet persimmons has broad prospects.
Sweet persimmon originated in China, as far as the current product development is concerned, it can be divided into completely sweet persimmon and incomplete sweet persimmon.
Completely sweet persimmons are: Rich, Jiro, Yangfeng, Shin-autumn, Early Autumn, Izu, Suruga, Kameaki, Taiqiu, Rota, Sweet Treasure Gai, etc.
Incomplete sweet persimmons are: Razakji Maru, Nishimura Early Birth, Haikuman, Toyo No. 1 and other varieties.
In the current view, the varieties with good quality, strong stress resistance and high yield are the first to promote Yangfeng, early autumn, followed by the big autumn, also known as taiqiu.
It is an early maturing variety, completely sweet persimmon, hybrid parents for Izu x109-27, registered in Japan in 2003, introduced into China in 2004, poor unisexual fruiting force, need to be matched with powder trees. The fruit is orange-red, flattened and round, with a maximum fruit of 300 g and an average fruit weight of 250 g. Excellent taste, crispy and fragrant, with a lot of juice and a soluble content of 18%. It ripens in late September in the Guanzhong area. There is affinity with Jun Qianzi.
It is a medium-ripe variety, completely sweet persimmon, the fruit is large, the average fruit weight is 280 grams, the largest fruit reaches 350 grams, round, uniform, the peel is orange, softened red, the fruit surface is clean, the stalk is thick and long, the persimmon is large, and there are lotus-like ripples after the fruit. Sepals four pieces, good meat quality, crisp, sweet, soluble content of about 20%, less and fine fiber, larger skin and hard autumn, mature in the Guanzhong Plain in mid-October, belongs to the hermaphroditious plant, extremely suitable for fruit, after the preparation of other pollinator trees in the same flowering period, the yield increases, extremely abundant yield, strong disease resistance, good affinity with Junqianzi, is currently the most suitable for promotion of excellent varieties.
Also known as the autumn, native to Japan, introduced in 1977 in China, the fruit is extra large, the average single fruit weighs 300 grams, the maximum fruit weighs about 400 grams, the high pile is round, orange, the fully ripe consequences of the meat yellow uniform, the flesh is crunchy, less fiber, the juice is particularly large, the taste is sweet and thick, crisp and refreshing, and it can be called the leader in the current sweet persimmon. Its soluble content reaches about 23%, excellent quality, matures in the Guanzhong Plain in mid-October, belongs to the hermaphrodite plant, and can bear fruit alone, and is not close to Junqianzi. Its best rootstock is the Southern Wild Persimmon.
Colonization pruning: 3x2 cultivation mode can be used, and 3X.3 or 4x2 cultivation mode can also be used. Different tree shapes are selected for different row spacing, such as: free spinning, happy shape, large crown shape, etc. Its plastic purposes: open light path, ventilation and light transmission, four seasons pruning, rapid forming, eugenics.
Fertilizer water management: before planting trees, first plan, then test the soil, improve the soil, so that the soil pH is moderate. In order to ensure the survival of young trees, it is recommended to plant trees in autumn and winter. Apply as little fertilizer as possible before planting the tree. When the tree is alive, then step by step, ditch and fertilize, do less, diligent, arid areas pay attention to watering. Nitrogen fertilizer input was strengthened during the canopy expansion period of young trees, and balanced fertilizer was applied after fruit hanging. Topdressing of puffed fruit fertilizer at the expansion stage of fruit, in short, apply more organic fertilizer and increase the input of biological bacterial fertilizer.
Pest control: The diseases of persimmon trees are mainly anthrax and round spot disease. Its hazards include mulberry white borer, persimmon worm, persimmon cotton worm, persimmon turtle worm worm worm and so on. In winter, timely clearing of the garden, reasonable pruning, spraying of stone sulfur compound, drying, mainly defense, both offensive and defensive, reasonable control, scientific management, in order to achieve the purpose of high quality and abundant production.