<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > data reprinted from: Yanyuan Mountain Villa</h1>
https://www.toutiao.com/i6816259927275733508/
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > the fourth year of Song Xining (1071 AD), Zhou Dunyi came to Xingzi to serve as the Zhijun of Southern Kang. Zhou Dunyi is a clean and upright person, with a humble heart and a love of lotus flowers in his life. After Zhou Dunyi came to Xingzi, he dug a pond on the east side of the military court and planted lotus flowers. Zhou Dunyi was already in his twilight years (55 years old) when he came to Xingzi, and he was sick again, so whenever he was alone after tea and dinner, or invited three or five staff friends to enjoy flowers and tea by the poolside, and wrote the essay "Eileen Says". </h1>
Through the description of the image and quality of the lotus, this article praises the virtuous character of the lotus, and thus also shows the author's clean personality and sprinkled mind.
The article can be clearly divided into two parts: the first part depicts the noble image of the lotus flower to the fullest extent; the second part reveals the figurative meaning of the lotus flower, evaluates the three flowers, and expresses the author's deep sigh in the heart with the lotus self-condition.
The author began to write: "The flowers of water, land, grass and trees, the lovely ones are very fertile." The choice of the word "cute" is all-encompassing, indicating that the trust is happy, and it is not deliberately seeking work, and it is very good to see the wisdom of its words. Then he recounted "Jin Tao Yuan Ming Duo Ai Ju". Tao Yuanming refused to bend his waist for the five buckets of rice, and after he was released and returned to hiding, he drank and wrote poems, enjoying the idyllic pleasure of "picking chrysanthemums under the eastern fence and leisurely seeing the South Mountain". "Du Ai Ju" shows Yuan Ming's elegant and fragrant, proud personality, and more clear theme: Tao Yuan Ming can love Ju Lyric, why can't I love Lian alone? Following the writing of "Since Li Tang came, the world loves peonies very much", and wrote about the goodness of the Tang people, especially the ruling class, "very much loves peonies", these few sentences seem to be repetitive, but they actually deepen the semantic meaning, and this sentence is included in the text, making the sense of contrast more intense, laying the introduction for its noble pursuit of the lotus. The general idea is that Zhou Dunyi's own love lotus is different from Jin Tao Yuanming's love ju escape, in order to maintain a high purity, he would rather end up in Nanshan. He wants to be a gentleman in the world who comes out of the mud and is not stained. This mentality of maintaining innocence in the dirty world and seeking truth alone is fundamentally different from the herd mentality of everyone who is envious of the rich and noble (peony). This is the best preparation for the "out of the mud and not stained" that Eileen wants to express. Then the author put aside a stroke and said, let the people love what they love, "give the only love of the lotus out of the mud without staining, Mao Qing lian without demon, straight in the middle, not vines and branches, fragrant far and clear, pavilion pure plant, can be viewed from a distance and can not be blasphemed." This series of narratives makes a powerful rendering of the upright and beautiful posture of the lotus flower, the exquisite lingde of the elegant and superior, especially the respectable and unobtrusive style of The Sagasaki. These few metaphors of the author himself have the noble character of "out of the mud without staining, mao qing lotus without demon". In fact, what he meant was that the official field was dark, and it was as difficult to maintain one's noble character in the official field as it was for a lotus flower to come out of the mud and not be stained. This is also a summary of his experience as an official, because he does not want to go along with the flow. And "Mao Qinglian is not a demon" is just a good wish of the author. He was upright as an official, washed away unjust prisons, and was the master of the people; in his later years, he settled in Lushan, wrote books and clear ways, cleaned himself and loved himself, and raised his life for a long time. This is precisely where this skit can give people a deep sense of interest.
Next, the author compares and evaluates the different personalities of the three flower symbols: "To the chrysanthemum, the hermit of the flower; the peony, the rich and noble of the flower; the lotus, the gentleman of the flower." Originally, the flower does not have personality, but in the eyes of the author, the lotus flower is close to the chrysanthemum, but it is not as high and arrogant as the chrysanthemum, and it seems to be a hermit who escapes from reality; it is even less beautiful and charming, rich and charming. The lotus flower is untainted out of a filthy reality, washed in clean water without showing demonization, and is a virtuous gentleman among the flowers. In addition, the lotus flower is also a sacred object in Buddhism, and Rulai and Guanyin are seated with lotus flowers. Tang Shi Daoshi's "Three Treasures Respecting the Buddha" Yun: "Therefore, the Buddhas of the Ten Directions are all out of the turbidity of the mud; the three bodies are enlightened, and they all sit on the lotus platform." The author's poem "Tilian" also says: "Buddha loves me and loves me, and fragrant butterflies do not steal." Generally clear meaning, not on the beauty of the head. "With this sketch reference, the interest complements perfectly.
Finally, the author commented on the flowers and then commented on "love": "Oh! The love of Ju is rarely heard of after Tao, and the love of Lotus is given to whom? The love of peonies should be for all! "Sigh deeply: There are few true hermits in today's world, and there are few virtuous people, and there are many villains who tend to be inflamed and stick to the door of wealth and nobility; this reckless red dust, how many like-minded people can work together to eradicate this chronic disease of society? Here first use the flower metaphor, let the characteristics of the flower metaphor, although plain, but the metaphor is appropriate, and then borrow the flower metaphor, the Tao Yuanming's avoidance of the world, the world's pursuit of glory and wealth mentality is described to the fullest. Although it is inevitable to reveal a kind of grief that is difficult to sound, it is meaningful and mercilessly lashs out at those who are incorruptible and shameful. Here, Zhou Dunyi is arrogant, and his mentality of not following the crowd but seeking purity is rare and precious in the world. He lamented that it was because most people were affected by the world.
Through his admiration and praise for the lotus flower, the author shows his vision of beautiful ideals, the worship of noble sentiments, and his hatred of the inferior world.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > original text</h1>
Flowers of water, land and grass, very cute. Jin Tao Yuanming loves Juju alone. Since Li Tang came, the world has loved peonies. Give the only love lotus out of the mud and not stained, Mao Qing Lian and not demon, straight in the middle, not vines and branches, fragrant far away, pavilion pure plant, can be viewed from a distance and can not be blasphemed. (Sheng Ai Ichisaku: Very Much Love)
To the chrysanthemum, the hermit of the flower; the peony, the rich and the rich of the flower; the lotus, the gentleman of the flower. belch! The love of Ju, Tao Hou rarely smells. Lotus love, who is the giver? The love of peonies should be for all!
Words
予(yù) 濯(zhuó) 涟(lián) 蔓(màn) 蕃(fán)
Works of broken sentences
Water, land, grass / flowers, cute people / very fertile. Jin/Tao Yuanming Du Ai/Ju; Zi/Li Tanglai, The World Sheng/Loves Peony; Give/Love Lotus/Out of the Mud Without Staining, Mao Qing Lian Without /Demon, Zhongtong Straight, Not Vines, Xiangyuan/Yiqing, Pavilion/Jingzhi, Can/Distant View and/Not Blasphemous. Give/Say chrysanthemum, flower/hermit also; peony, flower/rich person also; lotus, flower/gentleman also. belch! Chrysanthemum's love, tao/hou is rarely heard; lotus love, giver/who; peony/love, suitable for the multitude/yi.
polysemy
(1) Fresh
Rarely heard after the pottery (less)
Yerba Buena (Bright) "Peach Blossom Origin"
(2) Of
Flowers of Water, Land, Grass and Trees (Auxiliary Words, of)
Out of the mud without staining (conjunctions, meaningless, used between subject and verb, canceling the independence of sentences)
Word class is used
No vines and no branches (noun vines are used as verbs to grow vines and long branches)
Xiangyuan Yiqing (adjective far used as a verb far spread)
In terms of writing, "The Sayings of Eileen" has the common feature of saying this style, that is, the zhizhi of the object. The article starts from the mud without dyeing, depicts the temperament of the lotus and the wind of the lotus in thick ink and color, gives the author's affirmation and pursuit of the ideal personality, and also reflects the author's contempt for the world's psychology of coveting wealth and pursuing fame and profit, and his pursuit of cleanliness and self-improvement. At the same time, the article also uses the technique of contrast and contrast, and several times in the text, chrysanthemums and peonies set off the beauty of the lotus; it also compares the seclusion of chrysanthemums, the wealth of peonies and the purity of lotuses, so that one of the themes of the lotus is deepened, there is no empty preaching, but through the contrast of the three images, it has played a prominent center and deepened the role of intention, and the technique can be described as extremely clever. Moreover, the article runs through the whole text with a love word, making the article structure rigorous.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > author (Zhou Dunyi).</h1>
In the second year of the Northern Song Dynasty (1031 AD), Yi was 8 years old (nine years old), and three years after his father's death, he and his half-brother Lu Dunwen and his mother defected to his uncle Zheng Xiang of Hengyang, and by 1037 Zheng Xiang was transferred to the two Zhejiang transport envoys to shu garlic mountains and Caohe, and Zhou Dunyi and his mother moved to Dantu County, Runzhou (present-day Dantu District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu). Because of his wisdom and filial piety, he was deeply loved by Zheng Xiang, and he loved the white lotus, Zheng Xiang planted a lotus in the pavilion under the Phoenix Mountain of the West Lake (now the Second Middle School of Hengyang City) in front of his house, and Zhou Dunyi participated in the sutra and enlightenment. In the middle of summer, the lotus blossoms bloom and the aroma is striking and beautiful. The former residence of the Zheng family was later changed to the Lianxi Zhou Clan Ancestral Hall (now the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China).
In the Ming Dynasty (1587-1598), Zhou Zi, together with Li Kuan, Han Yu, Li Shizhen, Zhu Xi, Zhang Yu, and Huang Gan, was known as the Seven Sages of the Stone Drum Academy.
(According to the "Hengyang Dictionary of Huxiang Cultural Celebrities", edited by Gan Jianhua and produced by Erya Culture)
He loved to read since he was a child, and was quite famous in his hometown of Yingdao in Daozhou, where people said he was "ambitious, erudite, and ancient."
Due to the extensive reading, Zhou Dunyi was exposed to many different kinds of ideas. From the Hundred Sons and Hundred Families of the Pre-Qin Dynasty to the Indian Buddhist Family, which was introduced to China until the Han Dynasty, he was involved in all kinds of subjects, which laid the foundation for him to study the ancient Chinese book "I Ching" and establish the idea of innate cosmology.
At the age of fifteen, he went to the capital with his mother and joined his uncle Zheng Xiang, who was a scholar of Longtuge University in the Song Dynasty. This uncle was very kind to Zhou Dunyi's mother and son.
When Zhou Dunyi was twenty years old, his uncle asked the emperor to play a role, and he was given a position as a supervisor.
During his tenure, Zhou Dunyi made every effort and won the hearts of the people. In life, Zhou Dunyi began to study "Zhou Yi", and later finally wrote his important book "Taiji Tu Yi Shu". It proposes a system of cosmogenesis.
In the history of Chinese philosophical thought, Song Ming Theory occupies an extremely important position. Song Ming Theory took confucianism of the Confucian way of Confucius and Mencius as the main trunk, and also absorbed the essence of Taoist and Buddhist thought in many ways, and gradually became the dominant philosophical thought in China's feudal society.
Zhou Dunyi was the founder of the Northern Song Dynasty. The Song and Yuan Gong Cases have this to say about Zhou Dunyi's status: "After Kong Meng, Han Confucianism stopped having the study of the scriptures. The sexual path is a long time. The rise of the Yuan Gong, the second cheng heir, and the revival of the Hengqu Qing Da Confucian generation, the holy learning dachang. "
The Yuan Gong referred to here is Zhou Dunyi, and the Yuan Gong was originally his courtesy name. This passage clearly affirms Zhou Dunyi's status as the founder of the Northern Song Dynasty, and he often traveled with high monks and Taoists to play the piano and poetry.
His knowledge and temperament have also touched many people to follow him and learn. The most famous of these, of course, are the two brothers Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi.
Cheng Yi later recalled that when he was young, he was tired of listening to Zhou Dunyi's lectures. Determined to study and explore how Confucianism is the Tao of the Holy King.
After Zhou Dunyi's death, with the inheritance and development of his philosophy by Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi, his reputation gradually became prominent. During the Southern Song Dynasty, many places began to build Zhou Dunyi's ancestral halls, and people even promoted him to a status comparable to That of Kong Meng, believing that he "covered his merits between Kong and Meng". The emperors therefore revered him as a humane teacher.
And Zhou Dunyi did achieve the style of a generation of great Confucians with his practical actions before his death, and his character and thoughts have been admired by people for thousands of years.
Representative works: "Zhou Yuan Gongji", "Taiji Tushu", "Tongshu"
The Song Dynasty scholar Zhou Dunyi was the ancestor of Zhou Enlai, Zhou Shuren (Lu Xun), Zhou Zuoren and other celebrities.