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The overall incidence of anemia in cancer patients is 30% to 90% [1], and stomach cancer is more likely to develop this complication than other cancers. After the stomach cancer tumor is removed, because the cells of the stomach wall are reduced, the absorption of iron is impaired, and iron deficiency anemia is easy to occur. In addition, damage to the gastric mucosa causes poor digestion, affects nutrient absorption, and can easily lead to anemia. In addition, chemotherapy often causes bone marrow suppression, which in turn causes anemia.
In this regard, Kopjun specially sorted out a method of treating anemia, hoping to help friends, let's take a look at it
Iron, mainly used for the adjuvant treatment and prevention of iron deficiency anemia, mainly ferrous sulfate, ferrous fumarate, ferrous gluconate, iron dextran, ferrous succinate, polysaccharide iron complex, etc.
Among them, ferrous sulfate is inorganic iron, the others are organic iron, although inorganic iron is cheap, but the gastrointestinal reaction is more obvious, in comparison, organic iron adverse reactions are lighter and the efficacy is comparable, the only deficiency is that the price is higher.
Ferrous sulfate tablets
Dosage:
Take orally, one tablet daily, 3 times a day, after meals.
Contraindicated people:
Patients with alcoholism, hepatitis, acute infection, intestinal inflammation, pancreatitis, gastric and duodenal ulcers should be used with caution.
Notes:
After taking the drug, the stool is gray-black, which is due to the fact that part of the iron is excreted in the feces;
If taken with pepsin mixture and vitamin C, it will promote its absorption; and when used with tetracycline drugs, complexes can be formed, which hinder absorption of each other;
During the period of consumption, it is not advisable to drink tea, drink coffee, or eat foods such as olives, because the tannic acid contained in it will combine with iron to produce precipitation, affecting the efficacy.
Ferrous fumarate tablets (hematogenous tablets)
Oral, prophylactic: 1 tablet a day, therapeutic: 1-2 tablets at a time, 3 times a day.
Patients with alcoholism, hepatitis, acute infection, intestinal inflammation, pancreatitis, gastric and duodenal ulcers should be used with caution;
Patients with severe impairment of liver and kidney function, excessive iron load, hemochromatosis or hemosiderosis, and non-iron deficiency anemia (e.g., thalassemia) are contraindicated.
Same as ferrous sulfate tablets.
Ferrous gluconate syrup
Oral, 10-20 ml at a time, 2-3 times a day.
Same as ferrous fumarate tablets.
Mainly vitamin B12 and folic acid, used in the treatment of megaloblastic anemia.
Vitamin B12 injection
Intramuscular injection, 0.025-0.1 mg one day or 0.05-0.2 mg every other day.
May cause allergic reactions and should not be abused;
Hyperuricemia may occur with the use of gout.
Vitamin B12 tablets
Take orally, 25-100 ug one day or 50-200 ug every other day, in divided doses or as directed by a healthcare practitioner.
Use in patients with gout may induce an attack of gout.
Folic acid tablets
It is mainly used for the treatment of megaloblastic anemia caused by folate deficiency caused by various causes.
5-10 mg at a time, 3 times a day.
Megaloblastic anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency cannot be treated with folic acid alone;
Trophic megaloblastic anemia is often associated with iron deficiency and should be supplemented with iron, protein, and other B vitamins [2].
EPO (erythropoietin) is the most commonly used and most studied ESA in the treatment of chemotherapy-associated anemia:
Hemoglobin (HB) < 80 g/l, chemotherapy is not recommended for patients with tumors.
Hemoglobin (HB) ≤ 100 g/l, is the initial value of epo in the treatment of chemotherapy-related anemia.
Hemoglobin (HB) is 110 to 120 g/l, which is the target value for EPO treatment of chemotherapy-related anemia.
Hemoglobin (HB) > 120 g/l and needs to be reduced or discontinued according to the individual situation of the patient.
I believe that many people will want to directly transfuse blood transfusion to improve as soon as they hear about anemia, however, whether anemia can be directly transfused treatment needs to be judged according to the condition.
For example, patients with mild and moderate anemia due to malnutrition or blood diseases generally only need to improve their condition through dietary adjustments and taking blood-replenishing drugs under the guidance of a doctor.
However, if the hemoglobin of cancer patients reaches 70 to 80 g/l, and the hemoglobin of surgical cancer patients < 90 g/l, blood transfusions are required; shock caused by major bleeding (gastrointestinal bleeding, pulmonary hemorrhage, tumor bleeding) requires rapid blood transfusion therapy to save lives.
For the treatment of anemia in Traditional Chinese medicine, it follows the treatment principles of "Neijing", "Void is replenished", "Labor is warm", "Loss is beneficial", "Insufficient shape is warm to qi, and insufficient refinement is supplemented with taste", or to supplement qi and blood, or warm to supplement the spleen and kidneys. Astragalus, Ginseng, Bai shu, angelica, chicken blood vine, cooked ground yellow, goji berries, silk and other drugs are commonly used [3].
Compound glue paste
It is mainly composed of traditional Chinese medicines such as ejiao, red ginseng, cooked ground yellow, dang ginseng, hawthorn and so on, which has the effect of strengthening the spleen and tonifying the kidneys, replenishing qi and nourishing the blood. Clinical studies have shown that compound ejiao pulp has a good effect on bone marrow protection and synergistic attenuation of tumor radiotherapy and chemotherapy, can prevent and treat leukopenia, and can improve anemia.
Chastity straightens the granules
It is mainly composed of female virgins, astragalus, etc., and can be used for surgery and adjuvant treatment of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in cancer patients.
Healthy spleen and kidney granules
Composed of ginseng, white art, goji berries, female virgins, psoralin (salt burning), silk seeds, with the effect of strengthening the spleen and kidneys, supporting the cultivation of the body, is an adjuvant treatment drug for tumor radiotherapy and chemotherapy, can alleviate the toxic side effects of chemotherapy, promote the recovery of hematopoiesis and immune function, and maintain the normal blood picture of chemotherapy patients.
Eight treasure soups
It is mainly composed of angelica, Sichuan root, ripe ground yellow, white peony, ginseng, white art, poria, licorice, etc., which has the effect of tonifying qi and blood.
Holy healing soup
It is composed of cooked ground yellow, angelica, Sichuan root, white peony, ginseng and astragalus, which has the function of tonifying qi and blood.
Angelica blood soup
It is composed of astragalus and angelica (astragalus and angelica 5:1), which can replenish qi and blood.
Dietary therapy can supplement enough protein, divalent iron, vitamin B12, folic acid and some trace elements and other hematopoietic raw materials, as well as foods high in vitamin C, can reduce trivalent iron to easily absorbed divalent iron.
Iron deficiency in patients with iron deficiency anemia is often accompanied by copper deficiency, copper can promote the oxidation, absorption, transportation, utilization, and participation in the synthesis of hemoglobin, but copper-containing foods should be eaten separately from iron, because such foods contain more calcium and phosphorus, which will form insoluble complexes in the stomach with iron to affect absorption.
Iron-containing foods
Meat dishes such as animal offal, egg yolks, lean meat, etc.; celery, fresh beans, spinach, spinach, cabbage, taro, beans, fungus, seaweed, kelp, mushrooms, etc. in vegetables; hawthorn, apricot, peach, portuguese, red dates, longan, etc. in fruits; hawthorn, apricot, peach, portuguese, red dates, longan, etc. in fruits;
Foods containing vitamin B12
Animal liver, kidney, lean meat, etc.;
Foods containing folic acid
Leafy greens, etc.;
Foods containing vitamin C
Spinach, kiwifruit, tomatoes and other fruits and vegetables;
Foods containing copper
Animal hearts, liver and kidneys, walnuts, sesame seeds, nuts, etc.
recipe
Longan peanut millet porridge
Ingredients: 15g of longan meat, 20g of peanut rice, 50g of millet.
Directions: First wash the longan meat and peanut rice, add an appropriate amount of water, after the water is boiled, put the longan meat, peanut rice and millet into the pot, cook it into porridge over low heat, and take it morning and evening.
Black bean red date glutinous rice porridge
Ingredients: 25g of black beans, 15 red dates, 50g of glutinous rice.
Method: Wash the black beans, soak the red dates in warm water, add an appropriate amount of water, add black beans and red dates after boiling water, cook the black beans until 7 to 8 mature, then add glutinous rice, simmer to cook into porridge. Add 20g of brown sugar and mix well.
Brown sugar stewed tofu
Ingredients: 100 g tofu, 60 g brown sugar, 1 bowl of water.
Directions: Boil the brown sugar with water, add tofu and cook for 10 minutes.[4]
Stomach cancer patients and their families should pay attention to whether there are symptoms of anemia, such as fatigue, fatigue, dizziness, headache and difficulty swallowing, etc., if so, they should take timely measures to improve anemia.
Tips: The methods in this article are only used as knowledge science, and patients need to use them under the guidance of doctors or other professionals.
Editor-in-Charge: Stomach Cancer Rehabilitation Jun
Cover image source: Figureworm Creative
References:
Opinion on the management of iron deficiency in adult cancer patients.
Medication assistant.
[3] Li Zongnuo,He Shengqi,Feng Li. Advances in traditional Chinese medicine treatment of cancerous anemia[j]. World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2012, 02: 181-183.
Dietary Therapy for Anemia in Cancer Patients, Nanjing People's Liberation Army Bayi Hospital.
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