1,簡介
mpstat是multiprocessor statistics的縮寫，是實時系統監控工具。其報告是cpu的一些統計資訊，這些資訊存放在/proc/stat檔案中。在多cpus系統裡，其不但能檢視所有cpu的平均狀況資訊，而且能夠檢視特定cpu的資訊。mpstat最大的特點是：可以檢視多核心cpu中每個計算核心的統計資料；而類似工具vmstat隻能檢視系統整體cpu情況。
2，安裝
[root@ora10g ~]# mpstat
-bash: mpstat: command not found
[root@ora10g ~]# mount -o loop -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
[root@ora10g ~]# cd /mnt/cdrom/server/
[root@ora10g server]# rpm -ivh sysstat-7.0.2-3.el5.i386.rpm
warning: sysstat-7.0.2-3.el5.i386.rpm: header v3 dsa signature: nokey, key id 37017186
preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:sysstat ########################################### [100%]
3，執行個體
用法
mpstat -v 顯示mpstat版本資訊
mpstat -p all 顯示所有cpu資訊
mpstat -p n 顯示第n個cup資訊，n為數字，計數從0開始
mpstat n m 每個n秒顯示一次cpu資訊，連續顯示m次，最後顯示一個平均值
mpstat n 每個n秒顯示一次cpu資訊，連續顯示下去
檢視每個cpu核心的詳細目前運作狀況資訊，輸出如下：
[root@ora10g ~]# mpstat -p all
09:13:02 cpu %user %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %idle intr/s
09:13:02 all 0.62 0.01 0.54 3.48 0.00 0.02 0.00 95.32 1039.58
09:13:02 0 0.92 0.01 1.18 8.77 0.01 0.05 0.00 89.06 1030.23
09:13:02 1 0.27 0.00 0.31 1.46 0.00 0.01 0.00 97.96 1.00
....
09:13:02 14 1.12 0.02 0.45 2.99 0.00 0.01 0.00 95.39 7.74
09:13:02 15 0.18 0.00 0.22 0.70 0.00 0.01 0.00 98.90 0.59
檢視多核cpu核心的目前運作狀況資訊， 每2秒更新一次
[root@ora10g ~]# mpstat -p all 2
檢視某個cpu的使用情況，數值在[0,cpu個數-1]中取值
[root@ora10g ~]# mpstat -p 2
linux 2.6.18-194.el5 (ora10g.up.com) 11/05/14
10:19:28 cpu %user %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %idle intr/s
10:19:28 2 0.08 0.00 0.04 0.22 0.00 0.01 0.00 99.64 0.55
檢視多核cpu核心的目前運作狀況資訊， 每2秒更新一次，顯示5次
[root@ora10g ~]# mpstat -p all 2 5
4,字段含義如下
英文解釋：
cpu：processor number. the keyword all indicates that statistics are calculated as averages among all processors.
%user：show the percentage of cpu utilization that occurred while executing at the user level (application).
%nice：show the percentage of cpu utilization that occurred while executing at the user level with nice priority.
%sys：show the percentage of cpu utilization that occurred while executing at the system level (kernel). note that
this does not include time spent servicing interrupts or softirqs.
%iowait：show the percentage of time that the cpu or cpus were idle during which the system had an outstanding disk i/o request.
%irq：show the percentage of time spent by the cpu or cpus to service interrupts.
%soft：show the percentage of time spent by the cpu or cpus to service softirqs. a softirq (software interrupt) is
one of up to 32 enumerated software interrupts which can run on multiple cpus at once.
%steal：show the percentage of time spent in involuntary wait by the virtual cpu or cpus while the hypervisor was ser-vicing another virtual processor.
%idle：show the percentage of time that the cpu or cpus were idle and the system did not have an outstanding disk i/o request.
intr/s：show the total number of interrupts received per second by the cpu or cpus.
參數解釋 從/proc/stat獲得資料
cpu 處理器 id
user 在internal時間段裡，使用者态的cpu時間（%），不包含 nice值為負 程序 (usr/total)*100
nice 在internal時間段裡，nice值為負程序的cpu時間（%） (nice/total)*100
system 在internal時間段裡，核心時間（%） (system/total)*100
iowait 在internal時間段裡，硬碟io等待時間（%） (iowait/total)*100
irq 在internal時間段裡，硬中斷時間（%） (irq/total)*100
soft 在internal時間段裡，軟中斷時間（%） (softirq/total)*100
idle 在internal時間段裡，cpu除去等待磁盤io操作外的因為任何原因而空閑的時間閑置時間（%）(idle/total)*100
intr/s 在internal時間段裡，每秒cpu接收的中斷的次數intr/total)*100
cpu總的工作時間=total_cur=user+system+nice+idle+iowait+irq+softirq
total_pre=pre_user+ pre_system+ pre_nice+ pre_idle+ pre_iowait+ pre_irq+ pre_softirq
user=user_cur – user_pre
total=total_cur-total_pre
其中_cur 表示目前值，_pre表示interval時間前的值。上表中的所有值可取到兩位小數點。
最新内容請見作者的github頁：http://qaseven.github.io/
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