代碼已開源在GitHub，如果有幫助歡迎star。
Architecture
Mqtt-server-arch.jpg
Server side 構成
broker (mqtt核心：用于消息的發送管理) 類似 pub-sub 隊列
Application Server用于處理RestFul的請求，轉發為Mqtt消息
Publisher 本質是Mqtt client，用于釋出server端消息到broker
Subscriber 本質是Mqtt client，用于從broker訂閱client端消息
Client side
Publisher用于釋出client端消息到broker
Subscriber用于從broker訂閱server端的消息
Client 用于發送RestFul 請求給Application Server觸發消息pub/sub
總結：從結構上Broker算是Mqtt的本質上的Server端，從業務上講封裝了Mqtt Client pub/sub的Application server和Broker共同構成了業務上的Server端
安裝mosquitto及基本使用
安裝
# Install Mosquitto Broker
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mosquitto
# Install the Clients
sudo apt-get install mosquitto-clients
開啟、停止檢視狀态
# 檢視狀态
sudo service mosquitto status
# 使用預設配置打開mosquitto, 使用-v打開log功能
sudo mosquitto -c /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf -v
# 停止
sudo service mosquitto stop
#開啟
sudo service mosquitto start
使用mosquitto測試pub/sub
注意 pub和sub的clientid不能相同，相同會刷屏。
# 簡單測試釋出。 -h host -t topic -m message
mosquitto_pub -h localhost -t mqtt-test -m 'hello mqtt'
# 簡單測試訂閱。
mosquitto_sub -h localhost -t mqtt-test
# 釋出設定使用者密碼 -u user -P password
mosquitto_pub -u admin -P admin -h localhost -t mqtt/loop/message -m 'test mqtt'
mosquitto_sub -u admin -P admin -h localhost -t mqtt/loop/message
# 指定釋出clientid -i (id to use for this client)
mosquitto_sub -u admin -P admin -i shuai-ubuntu-test -h localhost -t mqtt/loop/message
mosquitto_pub -u admin -P admin -i shuai-ubuntu-test-client -h localhost -t mqtt/loop/message -m 'test mqtt client'
檢視broker的log
mosquitto的預設log 位址是：/var/log/mosquitto/xxx.log
tailf /var/log/mosquitto/mosquitto.log
建構Java-Mqtt-Server(Springboot + Mqtt)
requirement依賴
mosquitto broker
可以使用Eclipse公開的broker，據說底層也是mosquitto。位址為iot.eclipse.org
可以部署安裝mosquitto(本文方案)
springboot (2.1.5.RELEASE)
Eclipse Paho
curl/postman
建構springboot項目
1. 使用idea springboot initializer 初始化springboot工程
使用springboot版本2.1.5.RELEASE
2. pom中添加
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-integration
org.springframework.integration
spring-integration-stream
org.springframework.integration
spring-integration-mqtt
org.projectlombok
lombok
1.16.10
provided
3. MQTT Configuration
配置broker位址，
端口号，
是否使用ssl，
使用者名
密碼
public abstract class MQTTConfig {
protected final String broker = "10.156.2.132";
protected final int qos = 2;
protected Boolean hasSSL = false;
protected Integer port = 1883;
protected final String userName = "admin";
protected final String password = "admin";
protected final String TCP = "tcp://";
protected final String SSL = "ssl://";
protected abstract void config(String broker, Integer port, Boolean ssl, Boolean withUserNamePass);
protected abstract void config();
}
4. Publisher推送者
定義接口
public interface IMQTTPublisher {
public void publishMessage(String topic, String message);
public void disconnect();
}
定義類
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.*;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class MQTTPublisher extends MQTTConfig implements MqttCallback, IMQTTPublisher {
private String brokerUrl = null;
final private String colon = ":";
final private String clientId = "mqtt_server_pub";
private MqttClient mqttClient = null;
private MqttConnectOptions connectionOptions = null;
private MemoryPersistence persistence = null;
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MQTTPublisher.class);
private MQTTPublisher() {
this.config();
}
private MQTTPublisher(String broker, Integer port, Boolean ssl, Boolean withUserNamePass) {
this.config(broker, port, ssl, withUserNamePass);
}
public static MQTTPublisher getInstance() {
return new MQTTPublisher();
}
public static MQTTPublisher getInstance(String broker, Integer port, Boolean ssl, Boolean withUserNamePass) {
return new MQTTPublisher(broker, port, ssl, withUserNamePass);
}
@Override
protected void config() {
this.brokerUrl = this.TCP + this.broker + colon + this.port;
this.persistence = new MemoryPersistence();
this.connectionOptions = new MqttConnectOptions();
try {
this.mqttClient = new MqttClient(brokerUrl, clientId, persistence);
this.connectionOptions.setCleanSession(true);
this.mqttClient.connect(this.connectionOptions);
this.mqttClient.setCallback(this);
} catch (MqttException me) {
logger.error("ERROR", me);
}
}
@Override
protected void config(String broker, Integer port, Boolean ssl, Boolean withUserNamePass) {
String protocal = this.TCP;
if (true == ssl) {
protocal = this.SSL;
}
this.brokerUrl = protocal + this.broker + colon + port;
this.persistence = new MemoryPersistence();
this.connectionOptions = new MqttConnectOptions();
try {
this.mqttClient = new MqttClient(brokerUrl, clientId, persistence);
this.connectionOptions.setCleanSession(true);
if (true == withUserNamePass) {
if (password != null) {
this.connectionOptions.setPassword(this.password.toCharArray());
}
if (userName != null) {
this.connectionOptions.setUserName(this.userName);
}
}
this.mqttClient.connect(this.connectionOptions);
this.mqttClient.setCallback(this);
} catch (MqttException me) {
logger.error("ERROR", me);
}
}
@Override
public void publishMessage(String topic, String message) {
try {
MqttMessage mqttmessage = new MqttMessage(message.getBytes());
mqttmessage.setQos(this.qos);
this.mqttClient.publish(topic, mqttmessage);
} catch (MqttException me) {
logger.error("ERROR", me);
}
}
@Override
public void connectionLost(Throwable arg0) {
logger.info("Connection Lost");
}
@Override
public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken arg0) {
logger.info("delivery completed");
}
@Override
public void messageArrived(String arg0, MqttMessage arg1) throws Exception {
// Leave it blank for Publisher
}
@Override
public void disconnect() {
try {
this.mqttClient.disconnect();
} catch (MqttException me) {
logger.error("ERROR", me);
}
}
}
5. Subscriber 訂閱者
定義接口
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
public interface IMQTTSubscriber {
public static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(IMQTTSubscriber.class);
public void subscribeMessage(String topic);
public void disconnect();
}
類定義
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.*;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.sql.Timestamp;
@Component
public class MQTTSubscriber extends MQTTConfig implements MqttCallback, IMQTTSubscriber {
private String brokerUrl = null;
final private String colon = ":";
final private String clientId = "mqtt_server_sub";
private MqttClient mqttClient = null;
private MqttConnectOptions connectionOptions = null;
private MemoryPersistence persistence = null;
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MQTTSubscriber.class);
public MQTTSubscriber() {
this.config();
}
@Override
public void connectionLost(Throwable cause) {
logger.info("Connection Lost");
}
@Override
public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) throws Exception {
// Called when a message arrives from the server that matches any
// subscription made by the client
String time = new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()).toString();
System.out.println();
System.out.println("***********************************************************************");
System.out.println("Message Arrived at Time: " + time + " Topic: " + topic + " Message: "
+ new String(message.getPayload()));
System.out.println("***********************************************************************");
System.out.println();
}
@Override
public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken token) {
// Leave it blank for subscriber
}
@Override
public void subscribeMessage(String topic) {
try {
this.mqttClient.subscribe(topic, this.qos);
} catch (MqttException me) {
me.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void disconnect() {
try {
this.mqttClient.disconnect();
} catch (MqttException me) {
logger.error("ERROR", me);
}
}
@Override
protected void config(String broker, Integer port, Boolean ssl, Boolean withUserNamePass) {
String protocal = this.TCP;
if (true == ssl) {
protocal = this.SSL;
}
this.brokerUrl = protocal + this.broker + colon + port;
this.persistence = new MemoryPersistence();
this.connectionOptions = new MqttConnectOptions();
try {
this.mqttClient = new MqttClient(brokerUrl, clientId, persistence);
this.connectionOptions.setCleanSession(true);
if (true == withUserNamePass) {
if (password != null) {
this.connectionOptions.setPassword(this.password.toCharArray());
}
if (userName != null) {
this.connectionOptions.setUserName(this.userName);
}
}
this.mqttClient.connect(this.connectionOptions);
this.mqttClient.setCallback(this);
} catch (MqttException me) {
me.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
protected void config() {
this.brokerUrl = this.TCP + this.broker + colon + this.port;
this.persistence = new MemoryPersistence();
this.connectionOptions = new MqttConnectOptions();
try {
this.mqttClient = new MqttClient(brokerUrl, clientId, persistence);
this.connectionOptions.setCleanSession(true);
this.mqttClient.connect(this.connectionOptions);
this.mqttClient.setCallback(this);
} catch (MqttException me) {
me.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
6. 建構 RestFul接口
建構Controller
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
@Slf4j
@RestController
public class DemoRestController {
public static String TOPIC_LOOP_TEST = "mqtt/loop/message";
@Autowired
IMQTTPublisher publisher;
@Autowired
IMQTTSubscriber subscriber;
@PostConstruct
public void init() {
subscriber.subscribeMessage(TOPIC_LOOP_TEST);
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/mqtt/loop/message", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String index(@RequestBody String data) {
publisher.publishMessage(TOPIC_LOOP_TEST, data);
return "Success";
}
}
7. 使用curl指令進行api調用測試
❯ curl -X POST "http://127.0.0.1:8080/mqtt/loop/message" -d "test"
Success%
# springboot 視窗中可以看到自己sub的回顯
***********************************************************************
Message Arrived at Time: 2019-05-21 16:11:13.675 Topic: mqtt/loop/message Message: test=
***********************************************************************
也可以使用postman 調用8080 端口調試。
建構Java-Mqtt-Server (Springboot + Mqtt +protobuf)
在現有基礎上添加protobuf包裝pub/sub 消息
1. proto檔案
将.proto檔案放到src/main/proto/下
2. 使用maven生成protobuf java代碼
pom中properties中添加
1.8
1.6.1
3.3.0
pom dependencies中添加
io.grpc
grpc-netty
${grpc.version}
provided
io.grpc
grpc-protobuf
${grpc.version}
provided
io.grpc
grpc-stub
${grpc.version}
provided
com.google.protobuf
protobuf-java
${protobuf.version}
pom build中添加，pom plugins中添加
kr.motd.maven
os-maven-plugin
1.5.0.Final
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-maven-plugin
org.xolstice.maven.plugins
protobuf-maven-plugin
0.5.0
com.google.protobuf:protoc:${protobuf.version}:exe:${os.detected.classifier}
grpc-java
io.grpc:protoc-gen-grpc-java:${grpc.version}:exe:${os.detected.classifier}
compile
compile-custom
使用IDE中右側Maven Projects -> Lifecycle ->compile 生成java對應的protobuf檔案
生成的路徑在：target/generated-sources/protobuf/java/對應的包名下
3. 使用proto封裝mqtt message
使用Proto中的newBuilder建構builder。使用builder中的set方法設定proto中的參數，例如：
KylinProto.Group.Builder builder = KylinProto.Group.newBuilder();
KylinProto.Group group = builder.setThreshold(85.f)
.setTop(1)
.setGroup(group_name).build();
publisher.publish(topic, group.toByteArray(), 2, false);
![spring實作mqtt服務端_MQTT專題（Spring boot + maven整合MQTT、EMQ搭建MQTT伺服器和用戶端模拟工具）...[圖]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=)