在實際工作或面試中,我們經常會遇到“數組去重”問題,接下來就是使用js實作的數組去重的多種方法:
1.将數組的每一個元素依次與其他元素做比較,發現重複元素,删除
2.借助indexOf()方法判斷此元素在該數組中首次出現的位置下标與循環的下标是否相等var arr = [1,23,1,1,1,3,23,5,6,7,9,9,8,5,5,5,5]; console.log(arr); //[1, 23, 1, 1, 1, 3, 23, 5, 6, 7, 9, 9, 8, 5, 5, 5, 5] function noRepeat1(arr) { for(var i = 0; i < arr.length-1; i++){ for(var j = i+1; j < arr.length; j++){ if(arr[i]===arr[j]){ arr.splice(j,1); j--; } } } return arr; } var arr2 = noRepeat1(arr); console.log(arr2); //[1, 23, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 8]
3.利用數組中的filter方法var arr = [1,23,1,1,1,3,23,5,6,7,9,9,8,5,5,5]; console.log(arr); //[1, 23, 1, 1, 1, 3, 23, 5, 6, 7, 9, 9, 8, 5, 5, 5] function noRepeat2(arr) { for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { if (arr.indexOf(arr[i]) != i) { arr.splice(i,1);//删除數組元素後數組長度減1後面的元素前移 i--;//數組下标回退 } } return arr; } var newArr = noRepeat2(arr); console.log(newArr); //[1, 23, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 8]
4.借助新數組 通過indexOf方判斷目前元素在數組中的索引如果與循環的下标相等則添加到新數組中var arr = ['apple','banana','pear','apple','orange','orange']; console.log(arr) //["apple", "banana", "pear", "apple", "orange", "orange"] var newArr = arr.filter(function(value,index,self){ return self.indexOf(value) === index; }); console.log(newArr); //["apple", "banana", "pear", "orange"]
5.利用空對象來記錄新數組中已經存儲過的元素var arr = [1,23,1,1,1,3,23,5,6,7,9,9,8,5,5,5]; console.log(arr) //[1, 23, 1, 1, 1, 3, 23, 5, 6, 7, 9, 9, 8, 5, 5, 5] function noRepeat4(arr) { var ret = []; for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { if (arr.indexOf(arr[i]) == i) { ret.push(arr[i]); } } return ret; } var arr2 = noRepeat4(arr); console.log(arr2); //[1, 23, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 8]
6.借助新數組,判斷新數組中是否存在該元素如果不存在則将此元素添加到新數組中var arr = [1,23,1,1,1,3,23,5,6,7,9,9,8,5]; console.log(arr) //[1, 23, 1, 1, 1, 3, 23, 5, 6, 7, 9, 9, 8, 5] var obj={}; var newArr=[]; for(var i=0;i<arr.length;i++){ if(!obj[arr[i]]){ obj[arr[i]]=true; newArr.push(arr[i]); } } console.log(newArr); //[1, 23, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 8]
7.借助新數組,判斷新數組中是否存在該元素如果不存在則将此元素添加到新數組中(原數組長度不變但被按字元串順序排序)var arr = [1,23,1,1,1,3,23,5,6,7,9,9,8,5]; console.log(arr); //[1, 23, 1, 1, 1, 3, 23, 5, 6, 7, 9, 9, 8, 5] function noRepeat6(arr){ var newArr = []; for(var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++){ if(newArr.indexOf(arr[i]) == -1){ newArr.push(arr[i]); } } return newArr; } var arr2 = noRepeat6(arr); console.log(arr2); //[1, 23, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 8]
8.此方法沒有借助新數組直接改變原數組,并且去重後的數組被排序var arr = [1,23,1,1,1,3,23,5,6,7,9,9,8,5]; console.log(arr); //[1, 23, 1, 1, 1, 3, 23, 5, 6, 7, 9, 9, 8, 5] function noRepeat7(arr) { var ret = [], end;//臨時變量用于對比重複元素 arr.sort();//将數重新組排序 end = arr[0]; ret.push(arr[0]); for (var i = 1; i < arr.length; i++) { if (arr[i] != end) {//目前元素如果和臨時元素不等則将此元素添加到新數組中 ret.push(arr[i]); end = arr[i]; } } return ret; } var arr2 = noRepeat7(arr); console.log(arr2); //[1, 23, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
9.雙層循環改變原數組var arr = [1,23,1,1,1,3,23,5,6,7,9,9,8,5]; console.log(arr); //[1, 23, 1, 1, 1, 3, 23, 5, 6, 7, 9, 9, 8, 5] function noRepeat8(arr) { var end;//臨時變量用于對比重複元素 arr.sort();//将數重新組排序 end = arr[0]; for (var i = 1; i < arr.length; i++) { if (arr[i] == end) {//目前元素如果和臨時元素相等則将此元素從數組中删除 arr.splice(i,1); i--; }else{ end = arr[i]; } } return arr; } var arr2 = noRepeat8(arr); console.log(arr2); //[1, 23, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
10.借助新數組var arr = [1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,4,3,1,2,6,6,6,6]; console.log(arr); //[1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 3, 1, 2, 6, 6, 6, 6] function noRepeat9(arr){ for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { for (var j = 0; j < arr.length; j++) { if (arr[i] == arr[j] && i != j) {//将後面重複的數删掉 arr.splice(j, 1); } } } return arr; } var arr2 = noRepeat9(arr); console.log(arr2); //[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
11.借助ES6提供的Set結構var arr = [1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,4,3,2,1,1,1]; console.log(arr); //[1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 1, 1] var newArr = []; for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) { var repArr = [];//接收重複資料後面的下标 //内層循環找出有重複資料的下标 for (var j = i + 1; j < arr.length; j++) { if (arr[i] == arr[j]) { repArr.push(j);//找出後面重複資料的下标 } } //console.log(repArr); if (repArr.length == 0) {//若重複數組沒有值說明其不是重複資料 newArr.push(arr[i]); } } console.log(newArr); //[5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
var arr = [1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,4,3,2,1,1,1]; console.log(arr); //[1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 1, 1] function noRepeat11(arr){ var newArr = []; var myset = new Set(arr);//利用了Set結構不能接收重複資料的特點 for(var val of myset){ newArr.push(val) } return newArr; } var arr2 = noRepeat11(arr) console.log(arr2); //[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]