Protobuf-環境搭建
- 簡介
- 1.安裝
-
- 1.Ubuntu1804LTS
-
- 1.安裝依賴
- 2.解決github clone 速度
-
- 1.nslookup方式【不建議】
- 2.指令方式【推薦】
- 3.浏覽器方式【推薦】
- 4.浏覽器搜尋【推薦】
- 3.安裝
-
- 1.克隆
- 2.執行腳本并安裝
- 4.測試
- 5.擷取幫助
- 2.CentOS-7
-
- 1.安裝依賴
- 2.解決github clone 速度
-
- 1.指令方式【推薦】
- 2.浏覽器方式【推薦】
- 3.浏覽器搜尋【推薦】
- 3.安裝
-
- 1.克隆
- 2.執行腳本并安裝
- 4.測試
- 5.擷取幫助
簡介
Protocol Buffers - Google’s data interchange format。
Google Protocol Buffers (簡稱 Protobuf)是google旗下的一款輕便高效的結構化資料存儲格式，平台無關、語言無關、可擴充，可用于通訊協定和資料存儲等領域。是以很适合用做資料存儲和作為不同應用，不同語言之間互相通信的資料交換格式，隻要實作相同的協定格式即同一 proto檔案被編譯成不同的語言版本，加入到各自的工程中去。這樣不同語言就可以解析其他語言通過 protobuf序列化的資料。目前官網提供了 C++,Python,JAVA,GO等語言的支援。google在2008年7月7号将其作為開源項目對外公布。【Go于2009年11月正式宣布推出，故而Protobuf原生并不支援Go語言】
Protobuf的github網址：
https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf
protobuf的安裝參考：
https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/blob/master/src/README.md
Golang的Protobuf的github位址：
https://github.com/golang/protobuf
1.安裝
1.Ubuntu1804LTS
protobuf的安裝參考：
https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/blob/master/src/README.md
1.安裝依賴
sudo apt install -y autoconf automake libtool curl wget git make g++ libffi-dev unzip dnsutils gcc
2.解決github clone 速度
git clone配置的擷取的IP是會變動的，需要及時的擷取更新。
hosts綁定前：
hosts綁定後：
1.nslookup方式【不建議】
1.擷取資訊
dnsutils中的nslookup工具獲得github.com和github.global.ssl.fastly.net域名的ip位址
nslookup github.com
nslookup github.global.ssl.fastly.net
Name: github.com
Address: 192.30.253.112
Name: github.global.ssl.fastly.net
Address: 151.101.44.249
2.追加内容到/etc/hosts
sudo cp /etc/hosts /etc/hosts.backup
sudo tee -a /etc/hosts <<-'EOF'
192.30.253.112 github.com
151.101.44.249 github.global.ssl.fastly.net
EOF
cat /etc/hosts
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
2.指令方式【推薦】
1.擷取資訊
github.com
Linux上grep執行不生效，和bsd和GUN協定有關，bsd用grep -oE GUN用grep -oP
github.global.ssl.fastly.net
Linux上grep執行不生效，和bsd和GUN協定有關，bsd用grep -oE GUN用grep -oP
2.追加内容到/etc/hosts
sudo cp /etc/hosts /etc/hosts.backup
sudo tee -a /etc/hosts <<-'EOF'
140.82.112.3 github.com
199.232.69.194 github.global.ssl.fastly.net
EOF
cat /etc/hosts
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
3.浏覽器方式【推薦】
1.擷取資訊
浏覽器打開：
https://github.com.ipaddress.com/
浏覽器打開：
https://fastly.net.ipaddress.com/github.global.ssl.fastly.net
2.追加内容到/etc/hosts
sudo cp /etc/hosts /etc/hosts.backup
sudo tee -a /etc/hosts <<-'EOF'
140.82.112.3 github.com
199.232.69.194 github.global.ssl.fastly.net
EOF
cat /etc/hosts
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
4.浏覽器搜尋【推薦】
浏覽器通路：
https://www.ipaddress.com/
3.安裝
protobuf的安裝參考：
https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/blob/master/src/README.md
1.克隆
git clone https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf.git && ls | grep protobuf
2.執行腳本并安裝
安裝的耗時會很長……
cd ./protobuf
git submodule update --init --recursive
./autogen.sh
./configure
make # 可使用加速： make -j 8 # 開多線程8個執行
make check
sudo make install
sudo ldconfig # [很重要]重新整理共享庫
4.測試
protoc --version
5.擷取幫助
protoc --help
Usage: protoc [OPTION] PROTO_FILES
Parse PROTO_FILES and generate output based on the options given:
-IPATH, --proto_path=PATH Specify the directory in which to search for
imports. May be specified multiple times;
directories will be searched in order. If not
given, the current working directory is used.
If not found in any of the these directories,
the --descriptor_set_in descriptors will be
checked for required proto file.
--version Show version info and exit.
-h, --help Show this text and exit.
--encode=MESSAGE_TYPE Read a text-format message of the given type
from standard input and write it in binary
to standard output. The message type must
be defined in PROTO_FILES or their imports.
--decode=MESSAGE_TYPE Read a binary message of the given type from
standard input and write it in text format
to standard output. The message type must
be defined in PROTO_FILES or their imports.
--decode_raw Read an arbitrary protocol message from
standard input and write the raw tag/value
pairs in text format to standard output. No
PROTO_FILES should be given when using this
flag.
--descriptor_set_in=FILES Specifies a delimited list of FILES
each containing a FileDescriptorSet (a
protocol buffer defined in descriptor.proto).
The FileDescriptor for each of the PROTO_FILES
provided will be loaded from these
FileDescriptorSets. If a FileDescriptor
appears multiple times, the first occurrence
will be used.
-oFILE, Writes a FileDescriptorSet (a protocol buffer,
--descriptor_set_out=FILE defined in descriptor.proto) containing all of
the input files to FILE.
--include_imports When using --descriptor_set_out, also include
all dependencies of the input files in the
set, so that the set is self-contained.
--include_source_info When using --descriptor_set_out, do not strip
SourceCodeInfo from the FileDescriptorProto.
This results in vastly larger descriptors that
include information about the original
location of each decl in the source file as
well as surrounding comments.
--dependency_out=FILE Write a dependency output file in the format
expected by make. This writes the transitive
set of input file paths to FILE
--error_format=FORMAT Set the format in which to print errors.
FORMAT may be 'gcc' (the default) or 'msvs'
(Microsoft Visual Studio format).
--print_free_field_numbers Print the free field numbers of the messages
defined in the given proto files. Groups share
the same field number space with the parent
message. Extension ranges are counted as
occupied fields numbers.
--plugin=EXECUTABLE Specifies a plugin executable to use.
Normally, protoc searches the PATH for
plugins, but you may specify additional
executables not in the path using this flag.
Additionally, EXECUTABLE may be of the form
NAME=PATH, in which case the given plugin name
is mapped to the given executable even if
the executable's own name differs.
--cpp_out=OUT_DIR Generate C++ header and source.
--csharp_out=OUT_DIR Generate C# source file.
--java_out=OUT_DIR Generate Java source file.
--js_out=OUT_DIR Generate JavaScript source.
--objc_out=OUT_DIR Generate Objective C header and source.
--php_out=OUT_DIR Generate PHP source file.
--python_out=OUT_DIR Generate Python source file.
--ruby_out=OUT_DIR Generate Ruby source file.
@<filename> Read options and filenames from file. If a
relative file path is specified, the file
will be searched in the working directory.
The --proto_path option will not affect how
this argument file is searched. Content of
the file will be expanded in the position of
@<filename> as in the argument list. Note
that shell expansion is not applied to the
content of the file (i.e., you cannot use
quotes, wildcards, escapes, commands, etc.).
Each line corresponds to a single argument,
even if it contains spaces.
2.CentOS-7
protobuf的安裝參考：
https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/blob/master/src/README.md
1.安裝依賴
sudo yum install -y autoconf automake libtool curl wget git make g++ libffi-dev unzip dnsutils gcc
2.解決github clone 速度
git clone配置的擷取的IP是會變動的，需要及時的擷取更新。
hosts綁定前：
hosts綁定後：
1.指令方式【推薦】
1.擷取資訊
github.com
Linux上grep執行不生效，和bsd和GUN協定有關，bsd用grep -oE GUN用grep -oP
github.global.ssl.fastly.net
Linux上grep執行不生效，和bsd和GUN協定有關，bsd用grep -oE GUN用grep -oP
2.追加内容到/etc/hosts
sudo cp /etc/hosts /etc/hosts.backup
sudo tee -a /etc/hosts <<-'EOF'
140.82.112.3 github.com
199.232.69.194 github.global.ssl.fastly.net
EOF
cat /etc/hosts
sudo systemctl start network.service
2.浏覽器方式【推薦】
1.擷取資訊
浏覽器打開：
https://github.com.ipaddress.com/
浏覽器打開：
https://fastly.net.ipaddress.com/github.global.ssl.fastly.net
2.追加内容到/etc/hosts
sudo cp /etc/hosts /etc/hosts.backup
sudo tee -a /etc/hosts <<-'EOF'
140.82.112.3 github.com
199.232.69.194 github.global.ssl.fastly.net
EOF
cat /etc/hosts
sudo systemctl start network.service
3.浏覽器搜尋【推薦】
浏覽器通路：
https://www.ipaddress.com/
3.安裝
protobuf的安裝參考：
https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/blob/master/src/README.md
1.克隆
git clone https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf.git && ls | grep protobuf
2.執行腳本并安裝
安裝的耗時會很長……
cd ./protobuf
git submodule update --init --recursive
./autogen.sh
./configure
make # 可使用加速： make -j 8 # 開多線程8個執行
make check
sudo make install
sudo ldconfig # [很重要]重新整理共享庫
4.測試
protoc --version
5.擷取幫助
protoc --help
Usage: protoc [OPTION] PROTO_FILES
Parse PROTO_FILES and generate output based on the options given:
-IPATH, --proto_path=PATH Specify the directory in which to search for
imports. May be specified multiple times;
directories will be searched in order. If not
given, the current working directory is used.
If not found in any of the these directories,
the --descriptor_set_in descriptors will be
checked for required proto file.
--version Show version info and exit.
-h, --help Show this text and exit.
--encode=MESSAGE_TYPE Read a text-format message of the given type
from standard input and write it in binary
to standard output. The message type must
be defined in PROTO_FILES or their imports.
--decode=MESSAGE_TYPE Read a binary message of the given type from
standard input and write it in text format
to standard output. The message type must
be defined in PROTO_FILES or their imports.
--decode_raw Read an arbitrary protocol message from
standard input and write the raw tag/value
pairs in text format to standard output. No
PROTO_FILES should be given when using this
flag.
--descriptor_set_in=FILES Specifies a delimited list of FILES
each containing a FileDescriptorSet (a
protocol buffer defined in descriptor.proto).
The FileDescriptor for each of the PROTO_FILES
provided will be loaded from these
FileDescriptorSets. If a FileDescriptor
appears multiple times, the first occurrence
will be used.
-oFILE, Writes a FileDescriptorSet (a protocol buffer,
--descriptor_set_out=FILE defined in descriptor.proto) containing all of
the input files to FILE.
--include_imports When using --descriptor_set_out, also include
all dependencies of the input files in the
set, so that the set is self-contained.
--include_source_info When using --descriptor_set_out, do not strip
SourceCodeInfo from the FileDescriptorProto.
This results in vastly larger descriptors that
include information about the original
location of each decl in the source file as
well as surrounding comments.
--dependency_out=FILE Write a dependency output file in the format
expected by make. This writes the transitive
set of input file paths to FILE
--error_format=FORMAT Set the format in which to print errors.
FORMAT may be 'gcc' (the default) or 'msvs'
(Microsoft Visual Studio format).
--print_free_field_numbers Print the free field numbers of the messages
defined in the given proto files. Groups share
the same field number space with the parent
message. Extension ranges are counted as
occupied fields numbers.
--plugin=EXECUTABLE Specifies a plugin executable to use.
Normally, protoc searches the PATH for
plugins, but you may specify additional
executables not in the path using this flag.
Additionally, EXECUTABLE may be of the form
NAME=PATH, in which case the given plugin name
is mapped to the given executable even if
the executable's own name differs.
--cpp_out=OUT_DIR Generate C++ header and source.
--csharp_out=OUT_DIR Generate C# source file.
--java_out=OUT_DIR Generate Java source file.
--js_out=OUT_DIR Generate JavaScript source.
--objc_out=OUT_DIR Generate Objective C header and source.
--php_out=OUT_DIR Generate PHP source file.
--python_out=OUT_DIR Generate Python source file.
--ruby_out=OUT_DIR Generate Ruby source file.
@<filename> Read options and filenames from file. If a
relative file path is specified, the file
will be searched in the working directory.
The --proto_path option will not affect how
this argument file is searched. Content of
the file will be expanded in the position of
@<filename> as in the argument list. Note
that shell expansion is not applied to the
content of the file (i.e., you cannot use
quotes, wildcards, escapes, commands, etc.).
Each line corresponds to a single argument,
even if it contains spaces.
修改完成後一定要重新開機網絡服務！
操作完成後建議還原hosts的原配置！