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c語言實作真彩圖到灰階圖的轉化

最近正在學習數字圖像處理,研究了bmp圖像的相關知識,下面是用c語言實作的将真彩圖轉化為灰階圖。可能寫的比較亂,但運作結果還是正确的。

程式區分了灰階圖與真彩圖,如果打開的檔案1本身是灰階圖,則直接檔案存儲在2中,若檔案1是真彩圖,則轉化為灰階圖後存在2中

#include "stdafx.h"
#include<stdio.h>
#include<windows.h>

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
	int bmpHeight;
	int bmpWidth;
	unsigned char *pBmpBuf;
	RGBQUAD *pColorTable;
	int biBitCount;

	//讀取bmp檔案
	FILE *fp=fopen("dog1.bmp","rb");
	if(fp==0)
		return 0;
	fseek(fp,sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER),0);

	BITMAPINFOHEADER head;
	fread(&head,40,1,fp);
	bmpHeight=head.biHeight;
	bmpWidth=head.biWidth;
	biBitCount=head.biBitCount;
	
	if(biBitCount==8)
	{
		pColorTable=new RGBQUAD[256];
		fread(pColorTable,sizeof(RGBQUAD),256,fp);
	}
	int LineByte=(bmpWidth*biBitCount/8+3)/4*4;//保證每一行位元組數都為4的整數倍
	pBmpBuf=new unsigned char[LineByte*bmpHeight];
	fread(pBmpBuf,LineByte*bmpHeight,1,fp);
	fclose(fp);
	測試讀取功能子產品
	printf("bmpWidth:%d ,bmpHeight: %d,biBitCount:%d \n",bmpWidth,bmpHeight,biBitCount);

	//将24位真彩圖灰階化并儲存

	FILE *fp1=fopen("dog2.bmp","wb");
	if(fp1==0)
		return 0;
	int LineByte1=(bmpWidth*8/8+3)/4*4;
	//修改檔案頭,其中有兩項需要修改,分别為bfSize和bfOffBits
	BITMAPFILEHEADER bfhead;
	bfhead.bfType=0x4D42;
	bfhead.bfSize=14+40+256*sizeof(RGBQUAD)+LineByte1*bmpHeight;//修改檔案大小
	bfhead.bfReserved1=0;
	bfhead.bfReserved2=0;
	bfhead.bfOffBits=14+40+256*sizeof(RGBQUAD);//修改偏移位元組數
	fwrite(&bfhead,14,1,fp1);    //将修改後的檔案頭存入fp1;

	//修改資訊頭,其中有兩項需要修改,1個位biBitCount:真彩圖為24 ,應改成8;另一個是biSizeImage:由于每像素所占位數的變化,是以位圖資料的大小發生變化
	BITMAPINFOHEADER head1;
	head1.biBitCount=8;    //将每像素的位數改為8
	head1.biClrImportant=0;
	head1.biCompression=0;
	head1.biClrUsed=0;
	head1.biHeight=bmpHeight;
	head1.biWidth=bmpWidth;
	head1.biPlanes=1;
	head1.biSize=40;
	head1.biSizeImage=LineByte1*bmpHeight;//修改位圖資料的大小
	head1.biXPelsPerMeter=0;
	head1.biYPelsPerMeter=0;
	fwrite(&head1,40,1,fp1);  //将修改後的資訊頭存入fp1;

	if(biBitCount==24)//判斷是否是真彩圖,若是,由于真彩圖沒有顔色表,是以在變為灰階圖後要加上顔色表
	{
		pColorTable=new RGBQUAD[256];
 		for (int  i = 0; i < 256; i++ )
			pColorTable[i].rgbRed = pColorTable[i].rgbGreen = pColorTable[i].rgbBlue = i; //是顔色表裡的B、G、R分量都相等,且等于索引值

	}
	fwrite(pColorTable,sizeof(RGBQUAD),256,fp1); //将顔色表寫入fp1;

	//寫位圖資料
	unsigned char *pBmpBuf1;
	pBmpBuf1= new unsigned char[LineByte1*bmpHeight];
	for(int i=0;i<bmpHeight;i++)
		for(int j=0;j<bmpWidth;j++)
		{
			unsigned char *pb1,*pb2;
			pb1=pBmpBuf+i*LineByte+j*3;
			int y=*(pb1)*0.299+*(pb1+1)*0.587+*(pb1+2)*0.114;   //将每一個像素都按公式y=B*0.299+G*0.587+R*0.114進行轉化
			pb2=pBmpBuf1+i*LineByte1+j;
			*pb2=y;

		}
	if(biBitCount==8)
		fwrite(pBmpBuf,LineByte*bmpHeight,1,fp1);
	else
		fwrite(pBmpBuf1,LineByte1*bmpHeight,1,fp1);


	fclose(fp1);

	system("pause");
	return 0;
}
           
c語言實作真彩圖到灰階圖的轉化
c語言實作真彩圖到灰階圖的轉化
c語言實作真彩圖到灰階圖的轉化

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