Kruskal算法
更為直接地貪心,每次從圖中找:
沒有收錄的
不會構成回路的
權重最小的邊
class Edge:
def __init__(self, weight=None, v1=None, v2=None):
self.weight = weight
self.v1 = v1
self.v2 = v2
def __lt__(self, other): # 比較類的對象比其他小的
return self.weight < other.weight
class MSTNode:
def __init__(self,v1=None,v2=None):
self.v1 = v1
self.v2 = v2
graph = {
1:{2:2,4:1,3:4},
2:{5:10,4:3,1:2},
3:{1:4,6:5,4:2},
4:{3:2,6:8,7:4,5:7,2:3,1:1},
5:{7:6,2:10,4:7},
6:{7:1,4:8,3:5},
7:{6:1,4:4,5:6},
}
INFINITY = float('inf')
# 轉化為二維矩陣表示圖,兩點不鄰接用無窮大表示
graph = [[graph[v1].get(v2,INFINITY) for v2 in graph] for v1 in graph]
class SetADT:
def __init__(self):
self.set = list() # 預設集合初始元素為-1
def find(self, target):
if self.set[target] < 0: # 找到集合的根
return target
else:
# 先找到根,把根變成x的父結點,再傳回根
self.set[target] = self.find(self.set[target]) # 路徑壓縮
return self.set[target]
def union(self, par1=None, par2=None):
if self.set[par1] < self.set[par2]: # 按秩歸并
self.set[par1] += self.set[par2]
self.set[par2] = par1
else:
self.set[par2] += self.set[par1]
self.set[par1] = par2
from heapq import *
def InitEdge(graph):
EdgeSet = list()
for row in range(len(graph)):
for col in range(row+1,len(graph[row])): # 避免重複錄入無向圖的邊,隻收單向邊,取上三角矩陣,不包括對角線
if graph[row][col] < INFINITY:
EdgeSet.append(Edge(graph[row][col],row,col))
heapify(EdgeSet) # 生成最小堆
return EdgeSet
def CheckCircle(VertexSet,v1,v2): # 檢查連接配接V1和V2的邊是否在現有的最小生成樹子集中構成回路
root1 = VertexSet.find(v1) # 得到V1所屬的連通集名稱
root2 = VertexSet.find(v2) # 得到V2所屬的連通集名稱
if root1 == root2: # 若V1和V2已經連通,則該邊不能要
return False
else: # 否則該邊可以被收集,同時将V1和V2并入同一連通集
VertexSet.union(root1,root2)
return True
def Kruskal(graph):
VertexSet = SetADT()
VertexSet.set = [-1 for i in range(len(graph))] # 初始化頂點集合
EdgeSet = InitEdge(graph)
MST = list()
TotalWeight = 0
EdgeCount = 0
while EdgeCount < len(graph)-1: # 一共要找V-1條邊
next_edge = heappop(EdgeSet) # 從邊集中得到最小邊
if next_edge is None:
break
if CheckCircle(VertexSet,next_edge.v1,next_edge.v2):
# 如果該邊的加入不構成回路,即兩端結點不屬于同一連通集
MST.append(MSTNode(next_edge.v1+1,next_edge.v2+1)) # 将該邊插入MST,由于集合定義從下标為0開始,是以這裡要+1
TotalWeight += next_edge.weight
EdgeCount += 1
if EdgeCount < len(graph)-1: # 當MST的邊數<V-1時,說明圖不是連通的
TotalWeight = None
return TotalWeight
各鄰接點:
6 - 7
1 - 4
3 - 4
1 - 2
4 - 7
5 - 7
MST : 集合根結點為4,樹規模為7
[3, 3, 3, -7, 3, 3, 3]
樹的權重: 16