如何在Docker容器中挂載主機目錄

本文翻譯自：How to mount a host directory in a Docker container

I am trying to mount a host directory into a Docker container so that any updates done on the host is reflected into the Docker containers.

我正在嘗試将主機目錄挂載到Docker容器中，以便主機上完成的所有更新都将反映到Docker容器中。

Where am I doing something wrong.

我在哪裡做錯了。

Here is what I did:

這是我所做的：

kishore$ cat Dockerfile

FROM ubuntu:trusty
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get -y install git curl vim
CMD ["/bin/bash"]
WORKDIR /test_container
VOLUME ["/test_container"]
           

kishore$ tree
.
├── Dockerfile
└── main_folder
    ├── tfile1.txt
    ├── tfile2.txt
    ├── tfile3.txt
    └── tfile4.txt
           

1 directory, 5 files kishore$ pwd /Users/kishore/tdock

kishore$ docker build --tag=k3_s3:latest .
           

Uploading context 7.168 kB
Uploading context
Step 0 : FROM ubuntu:trusty
 ---> 99ec81b80c55
Step 1 : RUN apt-get update
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 1c7282005040
Step 2 : RUN apt-get -y install git curl vim
 ---> Using cache
 ---> aed48634e300
Step 3 : CMD ["/bin/bash"]
 ---> Running in d081b576878d
 ---> 65db8df48595
Step 4 : WORKDIR /test_container
 ---> Running in 5b8d2ccd719d
 ---> 250369b30e1f
Step 5 : VOLUME ["/test_container"]
 ---> Running in 72ca332d9809
 ---> 163deb2b1bc5
Successfully built 163deb2b1bc5
Removing intermediate container b8bfcb071441
Removing intermediate container d081b576878d
Removing intermediate container 5b8d2ccd719d
Removing intermediate container 72ca332d9809
                

kishore$ docker run -d -v /Users/kishore/main_folder:/test_container k3_s3:latest

c9f9a7e09c54ee1c2cc966f15c963b4af320b5203b8c46689033c1ab8872a0ea

kishore$ docker run -i -t k3_s3:latest /bin/bash
           

[email protected]:/test_container# ls -al
total 8
drwx------  2 root root 4096 Apr 29 05:15 .
drwxr-xr-x 66 root root 4096 Apr 29 05:15 ..
                

[email protected]:/test_container# exit exit

kishore$ docker -v
Docker version 0.9.1, build 867b2a9
           

• I don't know how to check boot2docker version 我不知道如何檢查boot2docker版本

Questions, issues facing:

問題，面臨的問題：

1. How do I need to link the main_folder to the test_container folder present inside the docker container? 我該如何将main_folder連結到docker容器内的test_container檔案夾？
2. I need to make this automatically. 我需要自動進行此操作。 How do I to do that without really using the

   run -d -v

   command? 如何在不真正使用

   run -d -v

   指令的情況下做到這一點？
3. What happens if the boot2docker crashes? 如果boot2docker崩潰怎麼辦？ Where are the Docker files stored (apart from Dockerfile)? Docker檔案存儲在何處（除了Dockerfile）？

#1樓

參考：https://stackoom.com/question/1aLaQ/如何在Docker容器中挂載主機目錄

#2樓

There are a couple ways you can do this.

您可以通過幾種方法來執行此操作。

The simplest way to do so is to use the dockerfile

ADD

command like so:

最簡單的方法是使用dockerfile

ADD

指令，如下所示：

ADD . /path/inside/docker/container
           

However, any changes made to this directory on the host after building the dockerfile will not show up in the container.

但是，建構dockerfile之後，主機上對此目錄所做的任何更改都不會顯示在容器中。

This is because when building a container, docker compresses the directory into a

.tar

and uploads that context into the container permanently.

這是因為在建構容器時，docker将目錄壓縮為

.tar

并将該上下文永久上傳到容器中。

The second way to do this is the way you attempted, which is to mount a volume.

執行此操作的第二種方法是您嘗試的方法，即裝入卷。

Due to trying to be as portable as possible you cannot map a host directory to a docker container directory within a dockerfile, because the host directory can change depending on which machine you are running on.

由于嘗試盡可能地可移植，您無法将主機目錄映射到dockerfile中的docker容器目錄，因為主機目錄可以根據運作的機器而更改。

To map a host directory to a docker container directory you need to use the

-v

flag when using docker run like so:

要将主機目錄映射到Docker容器目錄，需要在使用docker run時使用

-v

标志，如下所示：

docker run -v /host/directory:/container/directory -other -options image_name command_to_run
           

#3樓

Is it possible that you use docker on OS X via

boot2docker

or something similar.

是否有可能通過

boot2docker

或類似方式在OS X上使用

boot2docker

。

I've made the same experience - the command is correct but nothing (sensible) is mounted in the container, anyway.

我也有相同的經驗-該指令是正确的，但是無論如何，容器中沒有安裝任何（明智的）指令。

As it turns out - it's already explained in the docker documentation .

事實證明，它已經在docker文檔中進行了解釋。

When you type

docker run -v /var/logs/on/host:/var/logs/in/container ...

then

/var/logs/on/host

is actually mapped from the

boot2docker

VM-image, not your Mac.

當您鍵入

docker run -v /var/logs/on/host:/var/logs/in/container ...

/var/logs/on/host

實際上是從

boot2docker

VM映像而不是Mac映射的。

You'll have to pipe the shared folder through your VM to your actual host (the Mac in my case).

您必須将共享檔案夾通過您的VM通過管道傳輸到實際主機（在我的情況下為Mac）。

#4樓

boot2docker together with VirtualBox Guest Additions

boot2docker以及VirtualBox來賓添加

How to mount /Users into boot2docker

如何将/使用者挂載到boot2docker

https://medium.com/boot2docker-lightweight-linux-for-docker/boot2docker-together-with-virtualbox-guest-additions-da1e3ab2465c

https://medium.com/boot2docker-lightweight-linux-for-docker/boot2docker-together-with-virtualbox-guest-additions-da1e3ab2465c

tl;dr Build your own custom boot2docker.iso with VirtualBox Guest Additions (see link ) or download http://static.dockerfiles.io/boot2docker-v1.0.1-virtualbox-guest-additions-v4.3.12.iso and save it to ~/.boot2docker/boot2docker.iso. tl; dr使用VirtualBox Guest Additions（請參閱連結 ）建構自己的自定義boot2docker.iso或下載下傳http://static.dockerfiles.io/boot2docker-v1.0.1-virtualbox-guest-additions-v4.3.12.iso并儲存到〜/ .boot2docker / boot2docker.iso。

#5樓

you can use -v option from cli, this facility is not available via Dockerfile

您可以使用cli中的-v選項，該功能無法通過Dockerfile使用

docker run -t -i -v <host_dir>:<container_dir> ubuntu /bin/bash

where host_dir is the directory from host which you want to mount.

其中host_dir是要挂載的主機目錄。

you don't need to worry about directory of container if it doesn't exist docker will create it.

您無需擔心容器的目錄（如果不存在），docker将建立它。

If you do any changes in host_dir from host machine (under root privilege) it will be visible to container and vice versa.

如果您從主機（在root特權下）對host_dir進行任何更改，它将對容器可見，反之亦然。

#6樓

How do I link the main_folder to the test_container folder present inside the docker container?

如何将main_folder連結到docker容器中存在的test_container檔案夾？

Your command below is correct, unless your on a mac using boot2docker(depending on future updates) in which case you may find the folder empty.

您的以下指令是正确的，除非在Mac上使用boot2docker（取決于将來的更新），在這種情況下，您可能會發現該檔案夾為空。

See mattes answer for a tutorial on correcting this.

有關更正此問題的教程，請參見遮罩答案。

docker run -d -v /Users/kishore/main_folder:/test_container k3_s3:latest
           

I need to make this run automatically, how to do that without really using the run -d -v command.

我需要自動運作該程式，如何在不真正使用run -d -v指令的情況下執行此操作。

You can't really get away from using these commands, they are intrinsic to the way docker works.

您真的無法擺脫使用這些指令的麻煩，它們是docker工作方式所固有的。

You would be best off putting them into a shell script to save you writing them out repeatedly.

您最好将它們放入shell腳本中，以免您反複将它們寫出來。

What happens if boot2docker crashes?

如果boot2docker崩潰怎麼辦？

Where are the docker files stored?

Docker檔案存儲在哪裡？

If you manage to use the -v arg and reference your host machine then the files will be safe on your host.

如果您設法使用-v arg并引用您的主機，則檔案将在您的主機上安全。

If you've used 'docker build -t myimage .'

如果您使用了'docker build -t myimage'。

with a Dockerfile then your files will be baked into the image.

使用Dockerfile，您的檔案将被烘焙到映像中。

Your docker images, i believe, are stored in the boot2docker-vm.

我相信您的docker映像存儲在boot2docker-vm中。

I found this out when my images disappeared when i delete the vm from VirtualBox.

當我從VirtualBox删除虛拟機時圖像消失時，我發現了這一點。

(Note, i don't know how Virtualbox works, so the images might be still hidden somewhere else, just not visible to docker).

（請注意，我不知道Virtualbox的工作方式，是以圖像可能仍隐藏在其他地方，隻是對docker不可見）。