從零開始搭建php版蘋果push伺服器流程

 在應用裡加入 Push 功能對于使用者及時擷取資訊是非常有幫助的，以前介紹過 iPhone 的 Push (推送通知)功能原理淺析，裡面提到要為自己的 App 添加推送功能，開發者先要搭建一個推送伺服器。

從零開始的php版push伺服器搭建流程:

==============================================================

0.在Mac OS X機器上安裝好XCode, 連接配接一台正常的iPhone, 保持平和的心态

APP 開發基礎設定

1.在iPhone Provisioning Portal中建立好APP ID和Device.

2.在Keychain Access.app中生成證書請求CertificateSigningRequest.certSigningRequest(菜單 > Keychain Access > Certificate Assistant > Request a Certificate From a Certificate Authority...).

3.在iPhone Provisioning Portal > Certificates中請求一個證書(點選Request Certificate,上傳CertificateSigningRequest.certSigningRequest).

4.請求完成後,将證書檔案(developer_identity.cer)下載下傳,輕按兩下導入到Key Chain中.

5.在iPhone Provisioning Portal > Provisioning 中,建立一個Profile, 選擇指定的APP ID和 Devices後生成.

6.将剛剛生成的Profile下載下傳為*_profile.mobileprovision, 輕按兩下該檔案, 将profile加載到iPhone中.

Push Notification service設定

7.在iPhone Provisioning Portal > App IDs,選擇需要Push服務的App ID, 進入Configure.

8.确認 Enable for Apple Push Notification service ,配置 Development Push SSL Certificate,上傳第2步生成的證書請求.

9.下載下傳生成的aps_developer_identity.cer, 完成Push服務配置.

10.輕按兩下aps_developer_identity.cer,儲存到Key Chain.

生成php Push Notification sender需要的證書檔案

11.在Keychain Access.app裡標明這個新證書(Apple Development Push Services*),導出到桌面,儲存為Certificates.p12.

12.運作如下指令:

openssl pkcs12 -clcerts -nokeys -out cert.pem -in Certificates.p12 
    openssl pkcs12 -nocerts -out key.pem -in Certificates.p12 
    openssl rsa -in key.pem -out key.unencrypted.pem 
    cat cert.pem key.unencrypted.pem > ck.pem
           

獲得php Push Notification sender所需的裝置令牌:

13.建立一個View-based Application項目,在$PROJECT_NAMEAppDelegate.m中:

a.粘貼如下代碼:

- (void)applicationDidFinishLaunching:(UIApplication *)app { 
    // other setup tasks here…. 
    [window addSubview:viewController.view]; 
    [self alertNotice:@"" withMSG:@"Initiating Remote Noticationss Are Active" cancleButtonTitle:@"Ok" otherButtonTitle:@""]; 
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotificationTypes:(UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert | UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge |UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound)]; 
} 
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)app didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken { 
    //NSLog(@"devToken=%@",deviceToken); 
    [self alertNotice:@"" withMSG:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"devToken=%@",deviceToken] cancleButtonTitle:@"Ok" otherButtonTitle:@""]; 
} 
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)app didFailToRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithError:(NSError *)err { 
    NSLog(@"Error in registration. Error: %@", err); 
    [self alertNotice:@"" withMSG:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Error in registration. Error: %@", err] cancleButtonTitle:@"Ok" otherButtonTitle:@""]; 
} 
-(void)alertNotice:(NSString *)title withMSG:(NSString *)msg cancleButtonTitle:(NSString *)cancleTitle otherButtonTitle:(NSString *)otherTitle{ 
    UIAlertView *alert; 
    if([otherTitle isEqualToString:@""]) 
        alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:title message:msg delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:cancleTitle otherButtonTitles:nil,nil]; 
    else 
        alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:title message:msg delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:cancleTitle otherButtonTitles:otherTitle,nil]; 
    [alert show]; 
    [alert release]; 
}
           

b.在 - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions { 方法中增加

[self alertNotice:@"" withMSG:@"Initiating Remote Noticationss Are Active" cancleButtonTitle:@"Ok" otherButtonTitle:@""]; 
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerForRemoteNotificationTypes:(UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert | UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge |UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound)];
           

14.項目設定

a.Targets > $APP_NAME > context menu > Properties > Identifier

    修改 identifier 為App ID

b.Targets > $APP_NAME > context menu > Build > Code Signing > Code Signing Identifier > Any iPhone OS Device

    指定 iPhone Developer 為開發用機

15.編譯并運作後會在iPhone上顯示裝置令牌

16.php Push Notification sender代碼如下:

<?php 
$deviceToken = "裝置令牌"; 

$body = array("aps" => array("alert" => 'message', "badge" => 1, "sound" => 'received5.caf')); 

$ctx = stream_context_create(); 
stream_context_set_option($ctx, "ssl", "local_cert", "ck.pem"); 

$fp = stream_socket_client("ssl://gateway.sandbox.push.apple.com:2195", $err, $errstr, 60, STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT, $ctx); 
if (!$fp) { 
    print "Failed to connect $err $errstrn"; 
    return; 
} 
print "Connection OK\n"; 
$payload = json_encode($body); 
$msg = chr(0) . pack("n",32) . pack('H*', str_replace(' ', '', $deviceToken)) . pack("n",strlen($payload)) . $payload; 
print "sending message :" . $payload . "\n"; 
fwrite($fp, $msg); 
fclose($fp); 
?>
           

APNs 是一個基于流的 TCP socket，你的 provider 以 SSL 協定與其通訊。推送通知（包括載體）是以二進制流的方式發送的。和APNs 建立連接配接後，你可以維持該連接配接并在連接配接中斷之前發送多個通知。

技巧： 應避免每發送一次推送通知就建立、關閉一次連接配接。頻繁的建立、關閉連接配接可能會被 APNs 認為是 DOS 攻擊，進而拒絕發送 provider 的推送通知發送請求。