全局門檻值
# 圖像二值化 0白色 1黑色
# 全局門檻值
def threshold_image(image):
gray = cv.cvtColor(image, cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
cv.imshow("original", gray)
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ret, binary = cv.threshold(gray, 0, 255, cv.THRESH_BINARY | cv.THRESH_OTSU) # 大律法,全局自适應門檻值 參數0可改為任意數字但不起作用
print("門檻值:%s" % ret)
cv.imshow("OTSU", binary)
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ret, binary = cv.threshold(gray, 0, 255,
cv.THRESH_BINARY | cv.THRESH_TRIANGLE) # TRIANGLE法,,全局自适應門檻值, 參數0可改為任意數字但不起作用,适用于單個波峰
print("門檻值:%s" % ret)
cv.imshow("TRIANGLE", binary)
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ret, binary = cv.threshold(gray, 150, 255, cv.THRESH_BINARY) # 自定義門檻值為150,大于150的是白色 小于的是黑色
print("門檻值:%s" % ret)
cv.imshow("myself", binary)
ret, binary = cv.threshold(gray, 150, 255, cv.THRESH_BINARY_INV) # 自定義門檻值為150,大于150的是黑色 小于的是白色
print("門檻值:%s" % ret)
cv.imshow("myself_inv", binary)
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ret, binary = cv.threshold(gray, 150, 255, cv.THRESH_TRUNC) # 截斷 大于150的是改為150 小于150的保留
print("門檻值:%s" % ret)
cv.imshow("trunc", binary)
ret, binary = cv.threshold(gray, 150, 255, cv.THRESH_TOZERO) # 截斷 小于150的是改為150 大于150的保留
print("門檻值:%s" % ret)
cv.imshow("tozero", binary)
src = cv.imread(r'D:\user\zxh\Desktop\figure1.jpg')
threshold_image(src)
cv.waitKey(0)
cv.destroyAllWindows()
運作結果如下,我們看到原來的風景圖檔得到不同的處理。注意cv.imshow預設為utf-8編碼解碼,是以視窗标題最好用英文.
局部門檻值
#局部門檻值
def local_image(image):
gray = cv.cvtColor(image, cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
cv.imshow("original", gray)
binary1 = cv.adaptiveThreshold(gray, 255, cv.ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C, cv.THRESH_BINARY, 25, 10)
cv.imshow("local1", binary1)
binary2 = cv.adaptiveThreshold(gray, 255, cv.ADAPTIVE_THRESH_GAUSSIAN_C, cv.THRESH_BINARY, 25, 10)#高斯處理
cv.imshow("local2", binary2)
src2= cv.imread(r'D:\user\zxh\Desktop\figure1.jpg')
local_image(src2)
cv.waitKey(0)
cv.destroyAllWindows()
cv.ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C 和 cv.ADAPTIVE_THRESH_GAUSSIAN_C
圖像處理結果如下:
求圖像均值尋找門檻值
# 求出圖像均值作為門檻值來二值化
def custom_image(image):
gray = cv.cvtColor(image, cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
cv.imshow("original", gray)
h, w = gray.shape[:2]
m = np.reshape(gray, [1, w * h]) # 化為一維數組
mean = m.sum() / (w * h)
print("mean: ", mean)
ret, binary = cv.threshold(gray, mean, 255, cv.THRESH_BINARY)
cv.imshow("binary", binary)
src3 = cv.imread(r'D:\user\zxh\Desktop\figure1.jpg')
custom_image(src3)
cv.waitKey(0)
求得門檻值為165.8,圖像如下
它的門檻值介于OTSU和TRIANGLE之間,經過觀察,圖像的特點也恰好介于兩者之間。