【雙邊濾波】基于小波變換的多尺度自适應THZ增強雙邊濾波器的MATLAB仿真

1.軟體版本

MATLAB2021a

2.本算法理論知識

        提出了一種”基于小波變換的多尺度自适應雙邊濾波器“算法。

        其對應的算法流程如下所示：

       下面，我們從理論上限介紹一下這裡所采用的改進後的算法。

第一：多尺度圖像的自适應雙邊濾波

        這個部分，是我們這裡所需要研究的創新的算法，這裡重點從理論上介紹一下。

首先通過圖像亮度，将圖像區分為前景圖和背景圖。

       這裡，我們主要通過二值話處理，進行圖像的前景和背景的區分，這個部分的理論為：

 這裡，門限T的計算，我們主要通過matlab自帶的一個函數獲得，這個函數會根據每個圖像自動計算出門限T。

graythresh

對于的代碼為：

 然後分别對前景和背景進行sigma參數的自适應調整。

       這裡，sigma的計算公式為：

 這裡，我們根據上面的背景前景，做如下的設定。

     這裡，我們分别對前景和背景下乘以系數K1和K2，其中根據亮度分布（亮的為背景、暗的為物體）來确定BF的各像素的兩個sigma值，讓亮區域平滑更多（選用大sigma），暗區域平滑偏小（小sigma）。

3.核心代碼

% Pre-process input and select appropriate filter.
function B = bfilter2(A,w,sigma)

% Verify that the input image exists and is valid.
if ~exist('A','var') || isempty(A)
   error('Input image A is undefined or invalid.');
end
if ~isfloat(A) || ~sum([1,3] == size(A,3)) || ...
      min(A(:)) < 0 || max(A(:)) > 1
   error(['Input image A must be a double precision ',...
          'matrix of size NxMx1 or NxMx3 on the closed ',...
          'interval [0,1].']);      
end

% Verify bilateral filter window size.
if ~exist('w','var') || isempty(w) || ...
      numel(w) ~= 1 || w < 1
   w = 5;
end
w = ceil(w);

% Verify bilateral filter standard deviations.
if ~exist('sigma','var') || isempty(sigma) || ...
      numel(sigma) ~= 2 || sigma(1) <= 0 || sigma(2) <= 0
   sigma = [3 0.1];
end

% Apply either grayscale or color bilateral filtering.
if size(A,3) == 1
   B = bfltGray(A,w,sigma(1),sigma(2));
else
   B = bfltColor(A,w,sigma(1),sigma(2));
end


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Implements bilateral filtering for grayscale images.
function B = bfltGray(A,w,sigma_d,sigma_r)

% Pre-compute Gaussian distance weights.
[X,Y] = meshgrid(-w:w,-w:w);
G = exp(-(X.^2+Y.^2)/(2*sigma_d^2));

% Create waitbar.
h = waitbar(0,'Applying bilateral filter...');
set(h,'Name','Bilateral Filter Progress');

% Apply bilateral filter.
dim = size(A);
B = zeros(dim);
for i = 1:dim(1)
   for j = 1:dim(2)
      
         % Extract local region.
         iMin = max(i-w,1);
         iMax = min(i+w,dim(1));
         jMin = max(j-w,1);
         jMax = min(j+w,dim(2));
         I = A(iMin:iMax,jMin:jMax);
      
         % Compute Gaussian intensity weights.
         H = exp(-(I-A(i,j)).^2/(2*sigma_r^2));
      
         % Calculate bilateral filter response.
         F = H.*G((iMin:iMax)-i+w+1,(jMin:jMax)-j+w+1);
         B(i,j) = sum(F(:).*I(:))/sum(F(:));
               
   end
   waitbar(i/dim(1));
end

% Close waitbar.
close(h);


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Implements bilateral filter for color images.
function B = bfltColor(A,w,sigma_d,sigma_r)

% Convert input sRGB image to CIELab color space.
if exist('applycform','file')
   A = applycform(A,makecform('srgb2lab'));
else
   A = colorspace('Lab<-RGB',A);
end

% Pre-compute Gaussian domain weights.
[X,Y] = meshgrid(-w:w,-w:w);
G = exp(-(X.^2+Y.^2)/(2*sigma_d^2));

% Rescale range variance (using maximum luminance).
sigma_r = 100*sigma_r;

% Create waitbar.
h = waitbar(0,'Applying bilateral filter...');
set(h,'Name','Bilateral Filter Progress');

% Apply bilateral filter.
dim = size(A);
B = zeros(dim);
for i = 1:dim(1)
   for j = 1:dim(2)
      
         % Extract local region.
         iMin = max(i-w,1);
         iMax = min(i+w,dim(1));
         jMin = max(j-w,1);
         jMax = min(j+w,dim(2));
         I = A(iMin:iMax,jMin:jMax,:);
      
         % Compute Gaussian range weights.
         dL = I(:,:,1)-A(i,j,1);
         da = I(:,:,2)-A(i,j,2);
         db = I(:,:,3)-A(i,j,3);
         H = exp(-(dL.^2+da.^2+db.^2)/(2*sigma_r^2));
      
         % Calculate bilateral filter response.
         F = H.*G((iMin:iMax)-i+w+1,(jMin:jMax)-j+w+1);
         norm_F = sum(F(:));
         B(i,j,1) = sum(sum(F.*I(:,:,1)))/norm_F;
         B(i,j,2) = sum(sum(F.*I(:,:,2)))/norm_F;
         B(i,j,3) = sum(sum(F.*I(:,:,3)))/norm_F;
                
   end
   waitbar(i/dim(1));
end

% Convert filtered image back to sRGB color space.
if exist('applycform','file')
   B = applycform(B,makecform('lab2srgb'));
else  
   B = colorspace('RGB<-Lab',B);
end

% Close waitbar.
close(h);      

4.操作步驟與仿真結論

5.參考文獻