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java web檔案上傳-spring web MVC

之前我們介紹了在無架構支援的環境下如何進行檔案上傳的方式，此種方式比較基礎，相對而言比較麻煩一點。

在接下來的文章中，我們将借助spring web mvc架構簡化檔案上傳的操作。

一、建立web項目，導入spring web mvc支援包以及上傳檔案jar包

java web檔案上傳-spring web MVC

二、在web.xml中配置spring mvc入口，内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" 
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
	
	<!-- spring mvc入口 -->
  <servlet>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.form</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	
	<!-- 配置編碼過濾器，解決中文亂碼 -->
	<filter>
	    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
	    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
	    <init-param>
	         <param-name>encoding</param-name>
	         <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
	    </init-param>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
	     <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
	     <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

三、編寫jsp頁面

java web檔案上傳-spring web MVC

   upload.jsp

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c"  uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>upload.jsp</title>
  </head>
  <body>
       <h2>檔案上傳功能示範</h2>
       <h2>${message}</h2>
       <c:url var="action" value="/upload/upload-action.form"/>
       <form action="${action}" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
           <p>圖檔:<input type="file" name="image"/></p>
           <p>拍攝地點:<input type="text" name="location"/></p>
           <h3><input type="submit" value="上傳圖檔"/></h3>
       </form>
  </body>
</html>

   success.jsp：上傳成功提示頁面

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>success.jsp</title>
  </head>
  <body>
     <h2>${pathName}</h2>
  </body>
</html>

四、編寫背景上傳代碼：UploadController.java

package com.tarena.controller;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.naming.directory.DirContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MaxUploadSizeExceededException;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import com.sun.org.apache.bcel.internal.generic.NEW;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/upload")
public class UploadController implements Serializable {
	  
	/**
	 * 顯示上傳檔案頁面
	 * @return
	 */
	@RequestMapping("/upload.form")
	public String uploadForm(){
		return "upload";
	}
	
	/**
	 * 處理上傳檔案請求
	 * @throws IOException 
	 */
	@RequestMapping("/upload-action.form")
	public String uploadAction(MultipartFile image,String location,ModelMap map,HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException{
		
		//擷取圖檔原始檔案名
		String name=image.getOriginalFilename();
	   //input輸入框name屬性值:image
		//String fieldName=image.getName();
		//org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile
		
		//擷取輸入流，送出圖檔的資料内容(圖檔資料，大資料此種方式友善)
		//InputStream inputStream=image.getInputStream();
		
		//圖檔資料(小資料此種方式友善)
		byte[] bytes=image.getBytes();
		//圖檔的檔案長度
		//long size=image.getSize();

		//存放路徑
		String path=request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");
		File dir=new File(path);
		if(! dir.exists()){
			dir.mkdir();
		}
		File file=new File(dir,name);
		FileOutputStream out=new FileOutputStream(file);
		out.write(bytes);
		out.close();
		//file.getCanonicalPath():傳回此抽象路徑名的規範路徑名字元串
		request.setAttribute("pathName","上傳成功:"+file.getCanonicalPath()+"拍攝于:"+location);
		return "success";
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 檔案下載下傳
	 * 現伺服器項目目錄下有該圖檔：暴風截圖201491415793151.jpg
	 * 通路路徑為;localhost:8080/SpringUpload/upload/get-file.form?name=暴風截圖201491415793151.jpg 時，
	 * 将會下載下傳看到圖檔
	 */
	@RequestMapping("/get-file.form")
	public void getImage(String name,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)throws IOException{
		//将name對應的圖檔讀取回來，然後寫入到response流中
		//name是下載下傳的檔案名
		if(name.endsWith(".png")){
			response.setContentType("image/png");
		}
		String path=request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");
		File file=new File(path,name);
		FileInputStream input=new FileInputStream(file);
		OutputStream output=response.getOutputStream();
		IOUtils.copy(input, output);
		input.close();
		output.close();
	}
	
	
	
	/**
	 * 處理控制器類上的異常
	 * @param request
	 * @param e
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	@ExceptionHandler
	public String execute(HttpServletRequest request,Exception e) throws Exception{
		//處理IO異常
		if(e instanceof IOException){
			e.printStackTrace();
			request.setAttribute("message", "上傳失敗！");
			return "upload";
		}
		//處理檔案上傳超出限制大小時抛出的異常
		if(e instanceof MaxUploadSizeExceededException){
			e.printStackTrace();
			request.setAttribute("message", "檔案過大!");
			return "upload";
		}
		throw e;
	}
}

五、在項目src目錄下建立spring-mvc.xml檔案，并進行配置，内容如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans 
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
	xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
	xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd     
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">	
		
		
		<!-- 加上此配置，則可以省略HandlerMapping配置 -->
		<mvc:annotation-driven/>
		<!-- 開啟元件掃描 -->
		<context:component-scan base-package="com.tarena"/>
		
		<!-- 視圖解析器 -->
		<bean id="jspViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		           <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
		           <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
		</bean>
		
	   <!-- 支援檔案上傳的Bean -->
	   <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
	          <!-- 限制檔案上傳的大小不超過100kb -->
<!-- 	          <property name="maxUploadSize" value="102400"/> -->
<!-- 	          <property name="resolveLazily" value="true"/> -->
	   </bean>		
</beans>

到了這裡，包含檔案上傳和下載下傳的demo也就完成了，經本人測試通過，在此就示範了，大家自己測吧。

整個代碼下載下傳位址：http://yunpan.cn/cQTKT9wiHKB7Q   通路密碼 743c

檔案上傳 FileUpload javaweb spring mvc
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