docker-鏡像注冊中心-harbor實踐

文章目錄

docker-鏡像注冊中心-harbor實踐
- 前言
- - 安裝前注意
  - 安裝
  - 資料持久化
  - 更新
  - 端口修改
  - 管理harbor
  - 推送鏡像
  - 拉取pull
- 最後
- 參考

前言

docker官方的registry雖然提供了私有倉庫的能力，但易用性來說還是不太友好，沒有倉庫的管理中心，操作起來也不友善
Harbor是一個用于存儲Docker鏡像的企業級Registry服務
除了提供可視化管理界面外，還有其他更多功能
github位址為 https://github.com/goharbor/harbor ,github上有詳細的安裝說明
本文将以harbor的安裝為例進行實踐

安裝前注意

harbor預設使用80端口（想要修改也是可以的，通過修改docker-compose.yml和harbor.cfg），是以請保證80端口不會被占用(如果不想使用80端口那麼請先檢視本文中的端口修改此節的内容，否則修改端口意味着又要重新部署)
harbor安裝過程會安裝如下鏡像，是以注意原有的鏡像不要與harbor的同名，否則會導緻安裝失敗
- goharbor/nginx-photon
- goharbor/harbor-portal
- goharbor/harbor-core
- goharbor/harbor-db
- goharbor/harbor-registryctl
- goharbor/registry-photon
- goharbor/harbor-log
- goharbor/harbor-jobservice
- goharbor/redis-photon
  
  docker-鏡像注冊中心-harbor實踐docker-鏡像注冊中心-harbor實踐
需要提前安裝docker-compose :https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/

但是docker-compose如果不科學上網那基本是下不下來的

sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.24.0/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/docker-compose /usr/bin/docker-compose
docker-compose --version

安裝

對于harbor的安裝github上已有比較詳細的說明：https://github.com/goharbor/harbor/blob/master/docs/installation_guide.md ，如果不看官方說明，也可以按照我下面的流程安裝

下載下傳線上版到本地,版本号請根據實際情況修改

wget -c https://storage.googleapis.com/harbor-releases/release-1.7.0/harbor-online-installer-v1.7.5.tgz

解壓

tar xvf harbor-online-installer-<version>.tgz

打開./harbor/harbor.cfg,主要修改hostname為本機ip，其餘基本保持預設

以下是harbor.cfg檔案的内容

## Configuration file of Harbor

#This attribute is for migrator to detect the version of the .cfg file, DO NOT MODIFY!
_version = 1.7.0
#The IP address or hostname to access admin UI and registry service.
#DO NOT use localhost or 127.0.0.1, because Harbor needs to be accessed by external clients.
#DO NOT comment out this line, modify the value of "hostname" directly, or the installation will fail.
hostname = 192.168.25.215

#The protocol for accessing the UI and token/notification service, by default it is http.
#It can be set to https if ssl is enabled on nginx.
ui_url_protocol = http

#Maximum number of job workers in job service
max_job_workers = 10

#Determine whether or not to generate certificate for the registry's token.
#If the value is on, the prepare script creates new root cert and private key
#for generating token to access the registry. If the value is off the default key/cert will be used.
#This flag also controls the creation of the notary signer's cert.
customize_crt = on

#The path of cert and key files for nginx, they are applied only the protocol is set to https
ssl_cert = /data/cert/server.crt
ssl_cert_key = /data/cert/server.key

#The path of secretkey storage
secretkey_path = /data

#Admiral's url, comment this attribute, or set its value to NA when Harbor is standalone
admiral_url = NA

#Log files are rotated log_rotate_count times before being removed. If count is 0, old versions are removed rather than rotated.
log_rotate_count = 50
#Log files are rotated only if they grow bigger than log_rotate_size bytes. If size is followed by k, the size is assumed to be in kilobytes.
#If the M is used, the size is in megabytes, and if G is used, the size is in gigabytes. So size 100, size 100k, size 100M and size 100G
#are all valid.
log_rotate_size = 200M

#Config http proxy for Clair, e.g. http://my.proxy.com:3128
#Clair doesn't need to connect to harbor internal components via http proxy.
http_proxy =
https_proxy =
no_proxy = 127.0.0.1,localhost,core,registry

#NOTES: The properties between BEGIN INITIAL PROPERTIES and END INITIAL PROPERTIES
#only take effect in the first boot, the subsequent changes of these properties
#should be performed on web ui

#************************BEGIN INITIAL PROPERTIES************************

#Email account settings for sending out password resetting emails.

#Email server uses the given username and password to authenticate on TLS connections to host and act as identity.
#Identity left blank to act as username.
email_identity =

email_server = smtp.mydomain.com
email_server_port = 25
email_username = [email protected]
email_password = abc
email_from = admin <[email protected]>
email_ssl = false
email_insecure = false

##The initial password of Harbor admin, only works for the first time when Harbor starts.
#It has no effect after the first launch of Harbor.
#Change the admin password from UI after launching Harbor.
harbor_admin_password = Harbor12345

##By default the auth mode is db_auth, i.e. the credentials are stored in a local database.
#Set it to ldap_auth if you want to verify a user's credentials against an LDAP server.
auth_mode = db_auth

#The url for an ldap endpoint.
ldap_url = ldaps://ldap.mydomain.com

#A user's DN who has the permission to search the LDAP/AD server.
#If your LDAP/AD server does not support anonymous search, you should configure this DN and ldap_search_pwd.
#ldap_searchdn = uid=searchuser,ou=people,dc=mydomain,dc=com

#the password of the ldap_searchdn
#ldap_search_pwd = password

#The base DN from which to look up a user in LDAP/AD
ldap_basedn = ou=people,dc=mydomain,dc=com

#Search filter for LDAP/AD, make sure the syntax of the filter is correct.
#ldap_filter = (objectClass=person)

# The attribute used in a search to match a user, it could be uid, cn, email, sAMAccountName or other attributes depending on your LDAP/AD
ldap_uid = uid

#the scope to search for users, 0-LDAP_SCOPE_BASE, 1-LDAP_SCOPE_ONELEVEL, 2-LDAP_SCOPE_SUBTREE
ldap_scope = 2

#Timeout (in seconds)  when connecting to an LDAP Server. The default value (and most reasonable) is 5 seconds.
ldap_timeout = 5

#Verify certificate from LDAP server
ldap_verify_cert = true

#The base dn from which to lookup a group in LDAP/AD
ldap_group_basedn = ou=group,dc=mydomain,dc=com

#filter to search LDAP/AD group
ldap_group_filter = objectclass=group

#The attribute used to name a LDAP/AD group, it could be cn, name
ldap_group_gid = cn

#The scope to search for ldap groups. 0-LDAP_SCOPE_BASE, 1-LDAP_SCOPE_ONELEVEL, 2-LDAP_SCOPE_SUBTREE
ldap_group_scope = 2

#Turn on or off the self-registration feature
self_registration = on

#The expiration time (in minute) of token created by token service, default is 30 minutes
token_expiration = 30

#The flag to control what users have permission to create projects
#The default value "everyone" allows everyone to creates a project.
#Set to "adminonly" so that only admin user can create project.
project_creation_restriction = everyone

#************************END INITIAL PROPERTIES************************

#######Harbor DB configuration section#######

#The address of the Harbor database. Only need to change when using external db.
db_host = postgresql

#The password for the root user of Harbor DB. Change this before any production use.
db_password = root123

#The port of Harbor database host
db_port = 5432

#The user name of Harbor database
db_user = postgres

##### End of Harbor DB configuration#######

##########Redis server configuration.############

#Redis connection address
redis_host = redis

#Redis connection port
redis_port = 6379

#Redis connection password
redis_password =

#Redis connection db index
#db_index 1,2,3 is for registry, jobservice and chartmuseum.
#db_index 0 is for UI, it's unchangeable
redis_db_index = 1,2,3

########## End of Redis server configuration ############

##########Clair DB configuration############

#Clair DB host address. Only change it when using an exteral DB.
clair_db_host = postgresql
#The password of the Clair's postgres database. Only effective when Harbor is deployed with Clair.
#Please update it before deployment. Subsequent update will cause Clair's API server and Harbor unable to access Clair's database.
clair_db_password = root123
#Clair DB connect port
clair_db_port = 5432
#Clair DB username
clair_db_username = postgres
#Clair default database
clair_db = postgres

#The interval of clair updaters, the unit is hour, set to 0 to disable the updaters.
clair_updaters_interval = 12

##########End of Clair DB configuration############

#The following attributes only need to be set when auth mode is uaa_auth
uaa_endpoint = uaa.mydomain.org
uaa_clientid = id
uaa_clientsecret = secret
uaa_verify_cert = true
uaa_ca_cert = /path/to/ca.pem


### Harbor Storage settings ###
#Please be aware that the following storage settings will be applied to both docker registry and helm chart repository.
#registry_storage_provider can be: filesystem, s3, gcs, azure, etc.
registry_storage_provider_name = filesystem
#registry_storage_provider_config is a comma separated "key: value" pairs, e.g. "key1: value, key2: value2".
#To avoid duplicated configurations, both docker registry and chart repository follow the same storage configuration specifications of docker registry.
#Refer to https://docs.docker.com/registry/configuration/#storage for all available configuration.
registry_storage_provider_config =
#registry_custom_ca_bundle is the path to the custom root ca certificate, which will be injected into the truststore
#of registry's and chart repository's containers.  This is usually needed when the user hosts a internal storage with self signed certificate.
registry_custom_ca_bundle =

#If reload_config=true, all settings which present in harbor.cfg take effect after prepare and restart harbor, it overwrites exsiting settings.
#reload_config=true
#Regular expression to match skipped environment variables
#skip_reload_env_pattern=(^EMAIL.*)|(^LDAP.*)

儲存後執行install.sh即會進入安裝過程，此過程會建立檔案等，是以需要有權限，加上sudo
可以看到安裝過程中會從dockerhub拉取相關鏡像，如果某些鏡像網絡原因下載下傳失敗，則再次執行install.sh嘗試即可

當看到如下提示即表示安裝成功

✔ ----Harbor has been installed and started successfully.----

Now you should be able to visit the admin portal at http://192.168.25.215.
For more details, please visit https://github.com/goharbor/harbor .

此時打開（ip位址根據實際情況修改） http://192.168.25.215，預設使用者/密碼為 admin/Harbor12345，登入成功，表示大功告成，鼓掌鼓掌

資料持久化

你一定會有疑惑，如果harbor移除後資料會不會丢失，答案是不會，因為預設資料就儲存在實體機的/data目錄下，當然你可以在harbor.cfg中修改

更新

如果配置檔案有更新，則需要執行以下指令

$ sudo docker-compose down -v
$ vim harbor.cfg
$ sudo prepare
$ sudo docker-compose up -d

端口修改

預設端口非常容易被占用
是以有必要修改預設端口，主要分為三步

第一步是修改docker-compose.yml,用8888代替80，如下

proxy:
    image: goharbor/nginx-photon:v1.6.0
    container_name: nginx
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - ./common/config/nginx:/etc/nginx:z
    ports:
      - 8888:80
      - 443:443
    depends_on:
      - postgresql
      - registry
      - core
      - portal
      - log
    logging:
      driver: "syslog"
      options:  
        syslog-address: "tcp://127.0.0.1:1514"
        tag: "proxy"

第二步是修改harbor.cfg

hostname = 192.168.25.215:8888

第三步則是重新部署harbor

管理harbor

harbor有一大堆鏡像，是以可以使用docker-compose來管理它們的啟停

在docker-compose.yml的同級目錄下

sudo docker-compose stop 	#停止
    sudo docker-compose start  #啟動

推送鏡像

登入到剛剛部署完畢的harbor
```
docker login 192.168.25.215
           
```
登入時會産生如下錯誤，這是因為我們在安裝時用的是http,是以需要在daemon.json中增加–insecure-registry
Error response from daemon: Get https://192.168.25.215/v2/: dial tcp 192.168.25.215:443: connect: connection refused

在/etc/docker/daemon.json中增加

{
  "insecure-registries":["192.168.25.215"]
}

儲存後重新開機docker

此時為hello-world打一個tag

sudo docker tag hello-world 192.168.25.215/hwj/helloworld:1

然後推送上去

# docker push reg.yourdomain.com/myproject/myrepo:mytag
sudo docker push 192.168.25.215/hwj/helloworld:1

會發現提示：denied: requested access to the resource is denied
這是因為我們還沒有建立項目，是以需要在 http://192.168.25.215 這個網頁中建立hwj這個項目，建立後再push就會發現可以了

拉取pull

如果想拉取私有倉庫的鏡像，那麼則需要加上私有倉庫服務的ip和端口，如
```
sudo docker pull 192.168.25.215/hwj/helloworld
           
```
或者在/etc/docker/daemon.json中的registry-mirrors添加 http://192.168.25.215

{

“registry-mirrors”: [“http://192.168.25.215:80”],

“insecure-registries”:[“192.168.25.215:80”]

}
然後重新開機docker
之後就可以直接使用名稱下載下傳，不用每次都加上ip和端口了
```
sudo docker pull hwj/helloworld
           
```

最後

總的來說harbor安裝相比nexus還是複雜了些，如果就單純地想存鏡像的話那麼建議使用nexus就好了

參考

Harbor倉庫介紹與搭建過程-運維生涯-51CTO部落格

https://blog.51cto.com/11093860/2117805

docker-鏡像注冊中心-harbor實踐docker-鏡像注冊中心-harbor實踐

docker-鏡像注冊中心-harbor實踐

文章目錄

前言

安裝前注意

安裝

資料持久化

更新

端口修改

管理harbor

推送鏡像

拉取pull

最後

參考

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