ubuntu16.04，python2.7，opencv3.4.0，安裝

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直接 pip install opencv-python

參考：官方教程：https://docs.opencv.org/master/d7/d9f/tutorial_linux_install.html

Ubuntu14.04 OpenCV編譯安裝：http://blog.csdn.net/honyniu/article/details/46390097

 Ubuntu 17.04系統下源碼編譯安裝opencv的步驟詳解：http://www.jb51.net/article/121882.htm

The followingsteps have been tested for Ubuntu 10.04 but should work with other distros aswell.

Required Packages

• GCC 4.4.x or later
• CMake 2.8.7 or higher
• Git
• GTK+2.x or higher, including headers (libgtk2.0-dev)
• pkg-config
• Python 2.6 or later and Numpy 1.5 or later with developer packages (python-dev, python-numpy)
• ffmpeg or libav development packages: libavcodec-dev, libavformat-dev, libswscale-dev
• [optional] libtbb2 libtbb-dev
• [optional] libdc1394 2.x
• [optional] libjpeg-dev, libpng-dev, libtiff-dev, libjasper-dev, libdc1394-22-dev
• [optional] CUDA Toolkit 6.5 or higher

The packages canbe installed using a terminal and the following commands or by using SynapticManager:

[compiler] sudo apt-get installbuild-essential

[required] sudo apt-get install cmake gitlibgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev

[optional] sudo apt-get install python-devpython-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-devlibjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev

檢查numpy是否安裝成功

Getting OpenCV Source Code

You can use thelatest stable OpenCV version or you can grab the latest snapshot from our Git repository.

Getting the Latest Stable OpenCV Version

• Go to our downloads page.
• Download the source archive and unpack it.

Getting the Cutting-edge OpenCV from the GitRepository

Launch Git clientand clone OpenCVrepository. If you need modules from OpenCV contrib repository thenclone it as well.

For example

cd ~/<my_working_directory>

git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git

git clonehttps://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib.git

Building OpenCV from Source Using CMake

1. Create a temporary directory, which we denote as <cmake_build_dir>, where you want to put the generated Makefiles, project files as well the object files and output binaries and enter there.

For example

cd ~/opencv

mkdir build

cd build

1. Configuring. Run cmake [<some optional parameters>] <path to the OpenCV source directory>

For example

cmake-gui..

出現下面的界面，更改設定，

然後在 Whereis the source code中添加opencv 的目錄路徑，在where to build the binaries中添加剛才建立的build目錄

然後點選下面的Configure,選擇 UnixMakefiles,然後選擇default ...。點選OK，進而處理 opencv目錄下的CMakeLists.txt。并且在Build 目錄下生成CMakeCache.txt及Makefile 等相關檔案。

Configure配置結束後，将會出現類似以下配置界面

以下是需要修改的部分

1. CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE 修改為 RELEASE

2.   OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH設為 opencv_contrib中的 modules 目錄的路徑（比如，/home/arvin/opencv_contrib/modules）

3.   在 BUILD_EXAMPLES的複選框裡打勾

4.   在INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES的複選框裡打勾

5.   在INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES的複選框裡打勾

6.   在 WITH_FFMPEG的複選框裡打勾

7.   在 WITH_GTK的複選框裡打勾

8.   在 WITH_V4L的複選框裡打勾

9.   在 WITH_TIFF的複選框裡打勾

10.  在 WITH_PNG 的複選框裡打勾

11.  在 WITH_JPEG 的複選框裡打勾

12.  在 WITH_JASPER 的複選框裡打勾

13.  取消 WITH_CUDA 的複選框裡的勾

14.  取消 WITH_CUFFT 的複選框裡的勾

然後點選Configure，應用剛才的修改并且将修改内容更新至 build目錄下的 CMakeCache.txt中。然後點選 Generate，更新 Makefile。

Build. From builddirectory execute make, it is recommended to do this in severalthreads

For example

make -j7 # runs 7 jobs in parallel

Toinstall libraries, execute the following command from build directory

sudo make install

環境變量

安裝成功後還需要設定opencv的環境變量 

打開檔案

sudo gedit /etc/profile##個人比較喜歡把環境變量放在/etc/profile裡面，'～/.bashrc'一樣

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在檔案最後添加

export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig

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執行下列指令, 使環境變量立即生效

source /etc/profile

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lib庫路徑

打開檔案

sudo gedit /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf

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一般是建立檔案，opencv的庫一般安裝在’/usr/local/lib’檔案夾下，在檔案内添加

/usr/local/lib

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執行下列指令使之立刻生效

sudo ldconfig

測試環境是否配置成功

# 在指令行打開你的python解釋器，輸入以下指令

import cv2

cv2.__version__

# 若看到類似以下輸出，則表示配置成功

'3.4.0-dev'

 python3.5不行，怎麼配置？

如果将預設的python先改成python3.5，再安裝opencv，是不是opencv就裝在python3.5裡了呢？