本教程将向您展示如何使用ALTER EVENT語句修改現有的MySQL事件。 在學習完本教程之後,您将了解如何修改事件和計劃,如何啟用或禁用事件以及如何重命名事件。
MySQL允許您更改現有事件的各種屬性。要更改現有事件,請使用ALTER EVENT語句,如下所示:
ALTER EVENT event_name
ON SCHEDULE schedule
ON COMPLETION [NOT] PRESERVE
RENAME TO new_event_name
ENABLE | DISABLE
DO
event_body
請注意,ALTER EVENT語句僅适用于存在的事件。如果您嘗試修改不存在的事件,MySQL将會發出一條錯誤消息,是以在更改事件之前,應先使用SHOW EVENTS語句檢查事件的存在。
SHOW EVENTS FROM testdb;
執行上面查詢,得到以下結果 -
mysql> SHOW EVENTS FROM testdb;
+--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+--------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
| Db | Name | Definer | Time zone | Type | Execute at | Interval value | Interval field | Starts | Ends | Status | Originator | character_set_client | collation_connection | Database Collation |
+--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+--------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
| testdb | test_event_02 | [email protected] | SYSTEM | ONE TIME | 2017-08-03 04:24:48 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | DISABLED | 0 | utf8 | utf8_general_ci | utf8_general_ci |
+--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+--------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
1 row in set
ALTER EVENT示例
我們建立一個示例事件來示範如何使用ALTER EVENT語句的各種功能。
以下語句建立一個事件,每分鐘将一條新記錄插入到messages表中。
USE testdb;
CREATE EVENT test_event_04
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 MINUTE
DO
INSERT INTO messages(message,created_at)
VALUES('Test ALTER EVENT statement',NOW());
改變排程時間
要修改事件為每2分鐘運作一次,請使用以下語句:
ALTER EVENT test_event_04
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 2 MINUTE;
改變事件的主體代碼邏輯
您還可以通過指定新的邏輯來更改事件的主體代碼,如下所示:
ALTER EVENT test_event_04
DO
INSERT INTO messages(message,created_at)
VALUES('Message from event',NOW());
-- 清空表中的資料
truncate messages;
上面修改完成後,可以等待2分鐘,再次檢視messages表:
SELECT * FROM messages;
執行上面查詢,得到以下結果 -
mysql> SELECT * FROM messages;
+----+--------------------+---------------------+
| id | message | created_at |
+----+--------------------+---------------------+
| 1 | Message from event | 2017-08-03 04:46:47 |
| 2 | Message from event | 2017-08-03 04:48:47 |
+----+--------------------+---------------------+
2 rows in set
禁用事件
要禁用某個事件,請在ALTER EVENT語句之後使用DISABLE關鍵字,請使用以下語句:
ALTER EVENT test_event_04
DISABLE;
也可以通過使用SHOW EVENTS語句來檢視事件的狀态,如下所示:
SHOW EVENTS FROM testdb;
執行上面查詢,得到以下結果 -
mysql> SHOW EVENTS FROM testdb;
+--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
| Db | Name | Definer | Time zone | Type | Execute at | Interval value | Interval field | Starts | Ends | Status | Originator | character_set_client | collation_connection | Database Collation |
+--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
| testdb | test_event_02 | [email protected] | SYSTEM | ONE TIME | 2017-08-03 04:24:48 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | DISABLED | 0 | utf8 | utf8_general_ci | utf8_general_ci |
| testdb | test_event_04 | [email protected] | SYSTEM | RECURRING | NULL | 2 | MINUTE | 2017-08-03 04:44:47 | NULL | DISABLED | 0 | utf8 | utf8_general_ci | utf8_general_ci |
+--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
2 rows in set
啟用事件
要啟用已禁用的事件,請在ALTER EVENT語句之後使用ENABLE關鍵字,如下所示:
ALTER EVENT test_event_04
ENABLE;
查詢上面語句執行結果,得到以下結果 -
mysql> SHOW EVENTS FROM testdb;
+--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
| Db | Name | Definer | Time zone | Type | Execute at | Interval value | Interval field | Starts | Ends | Status | Originator | character_set_client | collation_connection | Database Collation |
+--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
| testdb | test_event_02 | [email protected] | SYSTEM | ONE TIME | 2017-08-03 04:24:48 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | DISABLED | 0 | utf8 | utf8_general_ci | utf8_general_ci |
| testdb | test_event_04 | [email protected] | SYSTEM | RECURRING | NULL | 2 | MINUTE | 2017-08-03 04:44:47 | NULL | ENABLED | 0 | utf8 | utf8_general_ci | utf8_general_ci |
+--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
2 rows in set
重命名事件
MySQL不提供類似RENAME EVENT語句。幸運的是,我們可以使用ALTER EVENT重命名現有事件,如下所示:
ALTER EVENT test_event_04
RENAME TO test_event_05;
查詢上面語句執行結果,得到以下結果 -
mysql> SHOW EVENTS FROM testdb;
+--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
| Db | Name | Definer | Time zone | Type | Execute at | Interval value | Interval field | Starts | Ends | Status | Originator | character_set_client | collation_connection | Database Collation |
+--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
| testdb | test_event_02 | [email protected] | SYSTEM | ONE TIME | 2017-08-03 04:24:48 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | DISABLED | 0 | utf8 | utf8_general_ci | utf8_general_ci |
| testdb | test_event_05 | [email protected] | SYSTEM | RECURRING | NULL | 2 | MINUTE | 2017-08-03 04:44:47 | NULL | ENABLED | 0 | utf8 | utf8_general_ci | utf8_general_ci |
+--------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+---------------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+----------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
2 rows in set
将事件移動到其他資料庫
可以通過使用RENAME TO子句将事件從一個資料庫移動到另一個資料庫中,如下所示:
ALTER EVENT testdb.test_event_05
RENAME TO newdb.test_event_05;
查詢上面語句執行結果,得到以下結果 -
mysql> SHOW EVENTS FROM newdb;
+-------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+---------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
| Db | Name | Definer | Time zone | Type | Execute at | Interval value | Interval field | Starts | Ends | Status | Originator | character_set_client | collation_connection | Database Collation |
+-------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+---------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
| newdb | test_event_05 | [email protected] | SYSTEM | RECURRING | NULL | 2 | MINUTE | 2017-08-03 04:44:47 | NULL | ENABLED | 0 | utf8 | utf8_general_ci | utf8_general_ci |
+-------+---------------+----------------+-----------+-----------+------------+----------------+----------------+---------------------+------+---------+------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
1 row in set
假設newdb資料庫在MySQL資料庫伺服器中可用。
在本教程中,我們向您展示了如何使用ALTER EVENT語句更改MySQL事件的各種屬性。
¥ 我要打賞
糾錯/補充
收藏
加QQ群啦,易百教程官方技術學習群
注意:建議每個人選自己的技術方向加群,同一個QQ最多限加 3 個群。