spring boot中慎用@EnableWebMvc

什麼情況？我為了自定義了一個HandlerInterceptor，非常普通的做法，先是繼承了WebMvcConfigurerAdapter，再添加了@EnableWebMvc。注：本篇基于spring-webmvc 4.3.9版本。

@EnableWebMvc
@Configuration
public class XXXAutoConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        registry.addInterceptor(new XXXInterceptor());
    }
}

運作起來之後：一會是ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver失效，一會是HttpMessageConverters（由RequestMappingHandlerAdapter管理）報錯，整個spring mvc環境都混亂了。

呵呵，恭喜你，真的攤上事了！

這就是spring-boot的奧秘，不知不覺中犯錯，你以為是這樣的，其實你根本就不了解源碼（原理）！

不賣關子了！開始分析源碼吧！

@EnableWebMvc開啟後，意味着springmvc環境被你完全接管了（若不定義需要那些bean，确實啥都沒有）。而WebMvcAutoConfiguration原本是自動裝配的（注入一系列mvc的bean），影響它失效最重要的原因在于：@ConditionalOnMissingBean(WebMvcConfigurationSupport.class) ，是的，正是Condition發揮了的作用（Ioc容器中已經有了WebMvcConfigurationSupport，那WebMvcAutoConfiguration就不會再執行個體化注入）。

而WebMvcAutoConfiguration 原本是通過spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.0.5.RELEASE.jar/META-INF/spring.factories自動裝配的。

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Documented
@Import(DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.class)
public @interface EnableWebMvc {
}
@Configuration
public class DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {

	private final WebMvcConfigurerComposite configurers = new WebMvcConfigurerComposite();


	@Autowired(required = false)
	public void setConfigurers(List<WebMvcConfigurer> configurers) {
		if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(configurers)) {
			this.configurers.addWebMvcConfigurers(configurers);
		}
	}
}
public class WebMvcConfigurationSupport implements ApplicationContextAware, ServletContextAware {
}
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, DispatcherServlet.class,
		WebMvcConfigurerAdapter.class })
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(WebMvcConfigurationSupport.class)//看這裡吧
@AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 10)
@AutoConfigureAfter({ DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.class,
		ValidationAutoConfiguration.class })
public class WebMvcAutoConfiguration {

	public static final String DEFAULT_PREFIX = "";

	public static final String DEFAULT_SUFFIX = "";

	@Bean
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.class)
	public OrderedHiddenHttpMethodFilter hiddenHttpMethodFilter() {
		return new OrderedHiddenHttpMethodFilter();
	}

	@Bean
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean(HttpPutFormContentFilter.class)
	@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc.formcontent.putfilter", name = "enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
	public OrderedHttpPutFormContentFilter httpPutFormContentFilter() {
		return new OrderedHttpPutFormContentFilter();
	}

	// Defined as a nested config to ensure WebMvcConfigurerAdapter is not read when not
	// on the classpath
	@Configuration
	@Import(EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class)
	@EnableConfigurationProperties({ WebMvcProperties.class, ResourceProperties.class })
	public static class WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {

		private static final Log logger = LogFactory
				.getLog(WebMvcConfigurerAdapter.class);

		private final ResourceProperties resourceProperties;

		private final WebMvcProperties mvcProperties;

		private final ListableBeanFactory beanFactory;

		private final HttpMessageConverters messageConverters;

		final ResourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer resourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer;

		public WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter(ResourceProperties resourceProperties,
				WebMvcProperties mvcProperties, ListableBeanFactory beanFactory,
				@Lazy HttpMessageConverters messageConverters,
				ObjectProvider<ResourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer> resourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizerProvider) {
			this.resourceProperties = resourceProperties;
			this.mvcProperties = mvcProperties;
			this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
			this.messageConverters = messageConverters;
			this.resourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer = resourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizerProvider
					.getIfAvailable();
		}

		@Override
		public void configureMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) {
			converters.addAll(this.messageConverters.getConverters());
		}

		@Override
		public void configureAsyncSupport(AsyncSupportConfigurer configurer) {
			Long timeout = this.mvcProperties.getAsync().getRequestTimeout();
			if (timeout != null) {
				configurer.setDefaultTimeout(timeout);
			}
		}

		@Override
		public void configureContentNegotiation(ContentNegotiationConfigurer configurer) {
			Map<String, MediaType> mediaTypes = this.mvcProperties.getMediaTypes();
			for (Entry<String, MediaType> mediaType : mediaTypes.entrySet()) {
				configurer.mediaType(mediaType.getKey(), mediaType.getValue());
			}
		}

		@Bean
		@ConditionalOnMissingBean
		public InternalResourceViewResolver defaultViewResolver() {
			InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
			resolver.setPrefix(this.mvcProperties.getView().getPrefix());
			resolver.setSuffix(this.mvcProperties.getView().getSuffix());
			return resolver;
		}

		@Bean
		@ConditionalOnBean(View.class)
		@ConditionalOnMissingBean
		public BeanNameViewResolver beanNameViewResolver() {
			BeanNameViewResolver resolver = new BeanNameViewResolver();
			resolver.setOrder(Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE - 10);
			return resolver;
		}

		@Bean
		@ConditionalOnBean(ViewResolver.class)
		@ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "viewResolver", value = ContentNegotiatingViewResolver.class)
		public ContentNegotiatingViewResolver viewResolver(BeanFactory beanFactory) {
			ContentNegotiatingViewResolver resolver = new ContentNegotiatingViewResolver();
			resolver.setContentNegotiationManager(
					beanFactory.getBean(ContentNegotiationManager.class));
			// ContentNegotiatingViewResolver uses all the other view resolvers to locate
			// a view so it should have a high precedence
			resolver.setOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE);
			return resolver;
		}

		@Bean
		@ConditionalOnMissingBean
		@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc", name = "locale")
		public LocaleResolver localeResolver() {
			if (this.mvcProperties
					.getLocaleResolver() == WebMvcProperties.LocaleResolver.FIXED) {
				return new FixedLocaleResolver(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
			}
			AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver localeResolver = new AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver();
			localeResolver.setDefaultLocale(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
			return localeResolver;
		}

		@Bean
		@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc", name = "date-format")
		public Formatter<Date> dateFormatter() {
			return new DateFormatter(this.mvcProperties.getDateFormat());
		}

		@Override
		public MessageCodesResolver getMessageCodesResolver() {
			if (this.mvcProperties.getMessageCodesResolverFormat() != null) {
				DefaultMessageCodesResolver resolver = new DefaultMessageCodesResolver();
				resolver.setMessageCodeFormatter(
						this.mvcProperties.getMessageCodesResolverFormat());
				return resolver;
			}
			return null;
		}

		@Override
		public void addFormatters(FormatterRegistry registry) {
			for (Converter<?, ?> converter : getBeansOfType(Converter.class)) {
				registry.addConverter(converter);
			}
			for (GenericConverter converter : getBeansOfType(GenericConverter.class)) {
				registry.addConverter(converter);
			}
			for (Formatter<?> formatter : getBeansOfType(Formatter.class)) {
				registry.addFormatter(formatter);
			}
		}

		private <T> Collection<T> getBeansOfType(Class<T> type) {
			return this.beanFactory.getBeansOfType(type).values();
		}

		@Override
		public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
			if (!this.resourceProperties.isAddMappings()) {
				logger.debug("Default resource handling disabled");
				return;
			}
			Integer cachePeriod = this.resourceProperties.getCachePeriod();
			if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern("/webjars/**")) {
				customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(
						registry.addResourceHandler("/webjars/**")
								.addResourceLocations(
										"classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/")
						.setCachePeriod(cachePeriod));
			}
			String staticPathPattern = this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern();
			if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern(staticPathPattern)) {
				customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(
						registry.addResourceHandler(staticPathPattern)
								.addResourceLocations(
										this.resourceProperties.getStaticLocations())
						.setCachePeriod(cachePeriod));
			}
		}

		@Bean
		public WelcomePageHandlerMapping welcomePageHandlerMapping(
				ResourceProperties resourceProperties) {
			return new WelcomePageHandlerMapping(resourceProperties.getWelcomePage(),
					this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern());
		}

		private void customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(
				ResourceHandlerRegistration registration) {
			if (this.resourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer != null) {
				this.resourceHandlerRegistrationCustomizer.customize(registration);
			}

		}

		@Bean
		@ConditionalOnMissingBean({ RequestContextListener.class,
				RequestContextFilter.class })
		public static RequestContextFilter requestContextFilter() {
			return new OrderedRequestContextFilter();
		}

		@Configuration
		@ConditionalOnProperty(value = "spring.mvc.favicon.enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
		public static class FaviconConfiguration {

			private final ResourceProperties resourceProperties;

			public FaviconConfiguration(ResourceProperties resourceProperties) {
				this.resourceProperties = resourceProperties;
			}

			@Bean
			public SimpleUrlHandlerMapping faviconHandlerMapping() {
				SimpleUrlHandlerMapping mapping = new SimpleUrlHandlerMapping();
				mapping.setOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 1);
				mapping.setUrlMap(Collections.singletonMap("**/favicon.ico",
						faviconRequestHandler()));
				return mapping;
			}

			@Bean
			public ResourceHttpRequestHandler faviconRequestHandler() {
				ResourceHttpRequestHandler requestHandler = new ResourceHttpRequestHandler();
				requestHandler
						.setLocations(this.resourceProperties.getFaviconLocations());
				return requestHandler;
			}

		}

	}
	/**
	 * Configuration equivalent to {@code @EnableWebMvc}.
	 */
	@Configuration
	public static class EnableWebMvcConfiguration extends DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration {
		@Bean
		@Override
		public RequestMappingHandlerAdapter requestMappingHandlerAdapter() {
			RequestMappingHandlerAdapter adapter = super.requestMappingHandlerAdapter();
			adapter.setIgnoreDefaultModelOnRedirect(this.mvcProperties == null ? true
					: this.mvcProperties.isIgnoreDefaultModelOnRedirect());
			return adapter;
		}

		@Override
		protected RequestMappingHandlerAdapter createRequestMappingHandlerAdapter() {
			if (this.mvcRegistrations != null
					&& this.mvcRegistrations.getRequestMappingHandlerAdapter() != null) {
				return this.mvcRegistrations.getRequestMappingHandlerAdapter();
			}
			return super.createRequestMappingHandlerAdapter();
		}

		@Bean
		@Primary
		@Override
		public RequestMappingHandlerMapping requestMappingHandlerMapping() {
			// Must be @Primary for MvcUriComponentsBuilder to work
			return super.requestMappingHandlerMapping();
		}

		@Bean
		@Override
		public Validator mvcValidator() {
			if (!ClassUtils.isPresent("javax.validation.Validator",
					getClass().getClassLoader())) {
				return super.mvcValidator();
			}
			return WebMvcValidator.get(getApplicationContext(), getValidator());
		}
    }
}

那如果我真的要使用@EnableWebMvc的話，這推薦：

@EnableWebMvc+extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter，在擴充的類中重寫父類的方法即可（想想xml的時代缺啥加啥）

spring boot中慎用@EnableWebMvc

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