spring cloud官方耦合度最好的服務注冊于服務發現是eureka。但是在實際應用中,consul服務既能結合spring cloud又能結合其他服務進行服務注冊與服務發現,同時功能點強于eureka,對于consul與eureka的優缺點,在此不做介紹。下文使用consul結合spring cloud進行服務注冊與服務發現。
consul安裝包:consul_0_windows_amd64.zip
系統環境:win7
注:本文其他開發環境見上篇,在此略過
1.consul部署
consul既可以單節點使用,也可以進行叢集部署,聽過算法raft保持叢集各節點一緻性。在這裡隻是用consul單節點進行spring cloud的服務注冊與服務發現應用。
- 解壓consul_0.8.3_windows_amd64.zip,得到consul.exe
- 将consul.exe拷貝到D:\Program Files\consul(consul檔案夾不存在則建立)下,然後在環境變量中配置PATH路徑:D:\Program Files\consul
- 測試consul是否配置成功
-
win7啟動consul
打開cmd,輸入consul agent -dev
界面:localhost:8500(consul預設端口為8500)
2.建立second-consul-server-1(2)服務
該工程作為server進行consul的注冊server端。
1)在eclipse下建立maven工程second-consul-server-1(2),修改pom.xml。如下:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.fiberhome</groupId>
<artifactId>second-fiberhome</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>second-consul-server-1</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>second-consul-server-1</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-consul-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>1.0.1.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
</project>
注:對于spring boot服務做健康檢查,需要依賴actuator,該依賴在父類工程second-fiberhome中進行了配置,見spring-boot-starter-actuator。
2)在src/main/resources下,建立application.properties。
server.port=
spring.application.name=consul-server
spring.cloud.consul.host=
spring.cloud.consul.port=
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.enabled=true
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.instance-id=consul-server-
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.hostname=localhost
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.port=${server.port}
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.serviceName=consul-server
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.healthCheckUrl=http://:${server.port}/health
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.healthCheckInterval=s
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.tags=dev
注:spring.cloud.consul.discovery.serviceName=consul-server下,可以通過consul服務發現調用consul-server進行通路second-consul-server1(2)服務,需要注意的是類似consul-server使用下劃線無效,會轉化為“-”,從consul界面可以發現該情況。
3)在src/main/java下建立啟動類ConsulServerApplication.java
package com.fiberhome;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ConsulServerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConsulServerApplication.class, args);
}
}
注:需要在啟動類上添加注解@EnableDiscoveryClient
4)啟動second-consul-server-1(2)和consul
啟動成功後,通路localhost:8500,界面如下:
3.建立second-consul-client服務
通過second-consul-client結合consul,進行服務發現通路。
1)建立maven工程second-consul-client,配置consul,并進行通路second-consul-server服務。pom.xml如下:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>com.fiberhome</groupId>
<artifactId>second-fiberhome</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>second-consul-client</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>second-consul-client</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-consul-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>1.0.1.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
</project>
注:主要使用spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery依賴。
2)建立application.properties配置檔案,引入consul配置。
server.port=
spring.cloud.consul.host=
spring.cloud.consul.port=
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.instance-id=consul-client
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.hostname=localhost
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.serviceName=consul-client
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.healthCheckUrl=http://:${server.port}/health
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.healthCheckInterval=s
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.tags=dev
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.enabled=true
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.port=${server.port}
3)建立com.fiberhome.web包,建立ClientController.java,引入對consul-server通路。如下:
package com.fiberhome.web;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class ClientController {
@Autowired
public DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;
@Autowired
public LoadBalancerClient loadBalancer;
@RequestMapping(value="/services",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public Object services(){
return discoveryClient.getInstances("consul-server");
}
@RequestMapping("/discovery")
public Object discovery(){
return loadBalancer.choose("consul-server").getUri().toString();
}
}
注:spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery依賴包含了負載均衡和服務發現的類,用以通路consul服務。
package com.fiberhome;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ConsulClientApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConsulClientApplication.class, args);
}
}
4)啟動三個服務:
second-consul-server-
second-consul-server-
second-consul-client
然後使用postman通路client服務,localhost:9990/services
通路localhost:9990/discovery
注意,由于采用的是兩個server服務,是以每次請求discovery擷取的結果是不同的,預設采用的是輪詢方式通路兩者服務,具有負載均衡的特點。
該工程源碼見github:https://github.com/moyu2012/second-fiberhome