3種方式的拓撲圖完全一樣，不一樣的地方是在路由指令操作方面： ip route 目标網絡位址 子網路遮罩 下一跳位址
測試也完全一樣，拓撲圖如下：
依次配置3台路由器啟用接口的IP位址資訊如下：
路由器R1
Router>en
Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#host R1
R1(config)#int fa0/0
R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shut
R1(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
R1(config-if)#int se3/0
R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R1(config-if)#no shut
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial3/0, changed state to down
R1(config-if)#end
R1#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial3/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial3/0, changed state to up
R1#
路由器R2
Router>en
Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#host R2
R2(config)#int se2/0
R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shut
R2(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up
R2(config-if)#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up
R2(config-if)#int fa0/0
R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shut
R2(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
R2(config-if)#end
R2#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R2#
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
R2#
路由器R3
Router>en
Router#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#host R3
R3(config)#int fa0/0
R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no shut
R3(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
R3(config-if)#int fa1/0
R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no shut
R3(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to up
R3(config-if)#end
R3#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R3#
無論采用3種方式的哪一種配置靜态路由，以上各個路由器接口IP位址配置指令完全一樣。
方法1.非預設的方式配置路由：
路由器R1
R1#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2
R1(config)#end
R1#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial3/0
S 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
S 192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
C 192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R1#
路由器R2
R2#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2
R2(config)#end
R2#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
S 192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.2
S 192.168.4.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.1
R2#
路由器R3
R3#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R3(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1
R3(config)#ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1
R3(config)#end
R3#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.1
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
S 192.168.4.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.1
R3#
方法2.超網法的方式配置路由：（實際上是合并預設網段組成一個大網段，屬于劃分子網方面的知識）
路由器R1
R1#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
注釋：子網路遮罩将預設的C類位址8個預設網段192.168.0.0、192.168.1.0 、192.168.2.0、192.168.3.0、192.168.4.0、192.168.5.0 、192.168.6.0 、192.168.7.0 合并成一個大網段 ，在同一網段内的IP可直接通路。
此範例中超網的方式配置路由需要滿足8個預設網段連續，并在同一個大的網段内。，參看我的另外一篇 如何規劃與劃分子網，如果子網路遮罩是192.168.252.0
表示連續的4個預設網段合并成一個大網段，此時192.168.4.0就在第2個大網段内，這樣就不對了。
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.248.0 192.168.1.2
R1(config)#end
R1#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
S 192.168.0.0/21 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial3/0
C 192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
R1#
路由器R2
R2#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2
R2(config)#end
R2#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
S 192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.2
S 192.168.4.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.1
R2#
路由器R3
R3#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R3(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1
R3(config)#ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1
R3(config)#end
R3#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.1
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
S 192.168.4.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.1
R3#
方法3.預設的方式配置路由：
路由器R1
R1#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2
R1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.2
R1(config)#end
R1#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R1#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is 192.168.1.2 to network 0.0.0.0
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial3/0
S 192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
C 192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2
R1#
路由器R2
R2#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2
R2(config)#end
R2#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial2/0
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
S 192.168.3.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.2
S 192.168.4.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.1
R2#
路由器R3
R3#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R3(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1
R3(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1
R3(config)#end
R3#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is 192.168.2.1 to network 0.0.0.0
S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.2.1
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.2.1
R3#
測試路由器配置
在用戶端PC0上
PC>ping 192.168.3.10
Pinging 192.168.3.10 with 32 bytes of data:
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Reply from 192.168.3.10: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.3.10: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=125
Ping statistics for 192.168.3.10:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 2, Lost = 2 (50% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 3ms, Average = 2ms
PC>
在用戶端PC1上
PC>ping 192.168.4.10
Pinging 192.168.4.10 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.4.10: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.4.10: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.4.10: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=125
Reply from 192.168.4.10: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=125
Ping statistics for 192.168.4.10:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 2ms, Average = 1ms
PC>
測試結果表明每種靜态路由的配置方式都完全正确。
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