最近對爬蟲感興趣,參考了 http://cuiqingcai.com/3179.html 這篇文章,琢磨的小試身手,但是按照原文發現圖檔下載下傳下來全是打不開的圖檔,這不是我想要的啊,嘗試直接把圖檔的連結在浏覽器中打開,發現已經看過的沒有問題,新打開的就不行了,一直懷疑是在cookie方面做了文章,在request裡也确實發現了有兩個cookie的身影,但就是怎麼找也找不到這兩個cookie怎麼來的,一度想放棄,爬個别的站算了,對妹子們的不舍還是又堅持研究了半天,在浏覽器裡的抓包工具裡一直檢視各種參數,做各種嘗試,發現了一點門道,原來請求圖檔的時候需要增加一個參數,具體看代碼吧,運作後中途連接配接被切斷了,遂又增加了ua随機替換的方法,不廢話了,代碼如下:
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import os
import urllib
import random
class mzitu():
def all_url(self, url):
html = self.request(url)
all_a = BeautifulSoup(html.text, 'lxml').find('div', class_='all').find_all('a')
for a in all_a:
title = a.get_text()
if title == '早期圖檔':
continue
print(u'開始儲存:', title)
path = str(title).replace("?", '_')
if not self.mkdir(path): ##跳過已存在的檔案夾
print(u'已經跳過:', title)
continue
href = a['href']
self.html(href)
def html(self, href):
html = self.request(href)
max_span = BeautifulSoup(html.text, 'lxml').find('div', class_='pagenavi').find_all('span')[-2].get_text()
for page in range(1, int(max_span) + 1):
page_url = href + '/' + str(page)
self.img(page_url)
def img(self, page_url):
img_html = self.request(page_url)
img_url = BeautifulSoup(img_html.text, 'lxml').find('div', class_='main-image').find('img')['src']
self.save(img_url,page_url)
def save(self, img_url, page_url):
name = img_url[-9:-4]
try:
img = self.requestpic(img_url,page_url)
f = open(name + '.jpg', 'ab')
f.write(img.content)
f.close()
except FileNotFoundError: ##捕獲異常,繼續往下走
print(u'圖檔不存在已跳過:', img_url)
return False
def mkdir(self, path): ##這個函數建立檔案夾
path = path.strip()
isExists = os.path.exists(os.path.join("D:\mzitu", path))
if not isExists:
print(u'建了一個名字叫做', path, u'的檔案夾!')
os.makedirs(os.path.join("D:\mzitu", path))
os.chdir(os.path.join("D:\mzitu", path)) ##切換到目錄
return True
else:
print(u'名字叫做', path, u'的檔案夾已經存在了!')
return False
def requestpic(self, url, Referer): ##這個函數擷取網頁的response 然後傳回
user_agent_list = [ \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1207.1 Safari/537.1" \
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; CrOS i686 2268.111.0) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.57 Safari/536.11", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1092.0 Safari/536.6", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1090.0 Safari/536.6", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.77.34.5 Safari/537.1", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.9 Safari/536.5", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.0) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.36 Safari/536.5", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8_0) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.0 Safari/536.3", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24", \
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24"
]
ua = random.choice(user_agent_list)
headers = {'User-Agent': ua,"Referer":Referer} ##較之前版本擷取圖檔關鍵參數在這裡
content = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
return content
def request(self, url): ##這個函數擷取網頁的response 然後傳回
headers = {'User-Agent': "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1207.1 Safari/537.1"}
content = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
return content
Mzitu = mzitu() ##執行個體化
Mzitu.all_url('http://www.mzitu.com/all') ##給函數all_url傳入參數 你可以當作啟動爬蟲(就是入口)
print(u'恭喜您下載下傳完成啦!')
感謝前人們的無私分享, 感謝 http://cuiqingcai.com/ , 感謝mzitu的站長提供給我們這麼多的優質妹子。
轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/wangbg/p/7282543.html