ARM平台移植strace-4.11

系統環境：Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS

源碼：strace-4.11.tar.xz 交叉編譯環境：arm-none-linux-gnueabi-

[[email protected]]# tar -xvf strace-4.11.tar.xz

[[email protected]]# cd strace-4.11/

[[email protected]]# ./configure --prefix=/home/zhaojq/strace --host=arm-none-linux CC=arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc LD=arm-none-linux-gnueabi-ld

[[email protected]]# make

[[email protected]]# make install

生成成功

交叉編譯後的可執行檔案在/home/zhaojq/strace目錄的bin檔案夾裡

[[email protected] strace/bin]# ls

strace  strace-graph  strace-log-merge

将所有檔案都拷貝到ARM裝置上檔案系統的/bin目錄裡

通過strace列印出的資訊，我們可以對什麼時候産生了一個子線程，那個線程在等待，哪個線程被喚醒，哪個線程收到信号，哪個線程core掉有一個綜合的了解，這些資訊對多線程調試會起到很大的作用。

使用strace列印多線程程式資訊的指令如下：

[[email protected]]# strace cat /dev/null 

execve("/bin/cat", ["cat", "/dev/null"], []) = 0

brk(NULL)                               = 0xbc000

uname({sysname="Linux", nodename="ARM-machine", ...}) = 0

mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x400cd000

access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK)      = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY)      = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/tls/v7l/fast-mult/half/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/tls/v7l/fast-mult/half", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/tls/v7l/fast-mult/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/tls/v7l/fast-mult", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/tls/v7l/half/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/tls/v7l/half", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/tls/v7l/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/tls/v7l", 0xbec1e420)      = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/tls/fast-mult/half/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/tls/fast-mult/half", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/tls/fast-mult/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/tls/fast-mult", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/tls/half/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/tls/half", 0xbec1e420)     = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/tls/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/tls", 0xbec1e420)          = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/v7l/fast-mult/half/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/v7l/fast-mult/half", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/v7l/fast-mult/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/v7l/fast-mult", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/v7l/half/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/v7l/half", 0xbec1e420)     = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/v7l/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/v7l", 0xbec1e420)          = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/fast-mult/half/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/fast-mult/half", 0xbec1e420) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/fast-mult/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/fast-mult", 0xbec1e420)    = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/half/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

stat64("/lib/half", 0xbec1e420)         = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

open("/lib/libcrypt.so.1", O_RDONLY)    = 3

read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0(\0\1\0\0\0@\7\0\0004\0\0\0"..., 512) = 512

fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=30224, ...}) = 0

mmap2(NULL, 221508, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x40141000

mprotect(0x40148000, 28672, PROT_NONE)  = 0

mmap2(0x4014f000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x6000) = 0x4014f000

mmap2(0x40151000, 155972, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x40151000

close(3)                                = 0

open("/lib/libm.so.6", O_RDONLY)        = 3

read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0(\0\1\0\0\0\3701\0\0004\0\0\0"..., 512) = 512

fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=431680, ...}) = 0

mmap2(NULL, 463016, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x40178000

mprotect(0x401e1000, 28672, PROT_NONE)  = 0

mmap2(0x401e8000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x68000) = 0x401e8000

close(3)                                = 0

open("/lib/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY)        = 3

read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0(\0\1\0\0\0000[\1\0004\0\0\0"..., 512) = 512

fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1209852, ...}) = 0

mmap2(NULL, 1246412, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x401ea000

mprotect(0x4030d000, 32768, PROT_NONE)  = 0

mmap2(0x40315000, 12288, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x123000) = 0x40315000

mmap2(0x40318000, 9420, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x40318000

close(3)                                = 0

mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x40078000

set_tls(0x400787e0, 0x400d58fc, 0x40078eb8, 0x400787e0, 0x400d5000) = 0

mprotect(0x401ea000, 1191936, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0

mprotect(0x401ea000, 1191936, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0

mprotect(0x40315000, 8192, PROT_READ)   = 0

mprotect(0x401e8000, 4096, PROT_READ)   = 0

mprotect(0x4014f000, 4096, PROT_READ)   = 0

mprotect(0xb8000, 4096, PROT_READ)      = 0

mprotect(0x400d4000, 4096, PROT_READ)   = 0

getuid32()                              = 0

open("/dev/null", O_RDONLY|O_LARGEFILE) = 3

read(3, "", 4096)                       = 0

close(3)                                = 0

exit_group(0)                           = ?

+++ exited with 0 +++

每一行都是一條系統調用，等号左邊是系統調用的函數名及其參數，右邊是該調用的傳回值。

strace 顯示這些調用的參數并傳回符号形式的值。strace 從核心接收資訊，而且不需要以任何特殊的方式來建構核心。

strace參數

-c 統計每一系統調用的所執行的時間,次數和出錯的次數等. 

-d 輸出strace關于标準錯誤的調試資訊. 

-f 跟蹤由fork調用所産生的子程序. 

-ff 如果提供-o filename,則所有程序的跟蹤結果輸出到相應的filename.pid中,pid是各程序的程序号. 

-F 嘗試跟蹤vfork調用.在-f時,vfork不被跟蹤. 

-h 輸出簡要的幫助資訊. 

-i 輸出系統調用的入口指針. 

-q 禁止輸出關于脫離的消息. 

-r 列印出相對時間關于,,每一個系統調用. 

-t 在輸出中的每一行前加上時間資訊. 

-tt 在輸出中的每一行前加上時間資訊,微秒級. 

-ttt 微秒級輸出,以秒了表示時間. 

-T 顯示每一調用所耗的時間. 

-v 輸出所有的系統調用.一些調用關于環境變量,狀态,輸入輸出等調用由于使用頻繁,預設不輸出. 

-V 輸出strace的版本資訊. 

-x 以十六進制形式輸出非标準字元串 

-xx 所有字元串以十六進制形式輸出. 

-a column 

設定傳回值的輸出位置.預設 為40. 

-e expr 

指定一個表達式,用來控制如何跟蹤.格式如下: 

[qualifier=][!]value1[,value2]... 

qualifier隻能是 trace,abbrev,verbose,raw,signal,read,write其中之一.value是用來限定的符号或數字.預設的 qualifier是 trace.感歎号是否定符号.例如: 

-eopen等價于 -e trace=open,表示隻跟蹤open調用.而-etrace!=open表示跟蹤除了open以外的其他調用.有兩個特殊的符号 all 和 none. 

注意有些shell使用!來執行曆史記錄裡的指令,是以要使用\\. 

-e trace=set 

隻跟蹤指定的系統 調用.例如:-e trace=open,close,rean,write表示隻跟蹤這四個系統調用.預設的為set=all. 

-e trace=file 

隻跟蹤有關檔案操作的系統調用. 

-e trace=process 

隻跟蹤有關程序控制的系統調用. 

-e trace=network 

跟蹤與網絡有關的所有系統調用. 

-e strace=signal 

跟蹤所有與系統信号有關的 系統調用 

-e trace=ipc 

跟蹤所有與程序通訊有關的系統調用 

-e abbrev=set 

設定 strace輸出的系統調用的結果集.-v 等與 abbrev=none.預設為abbrev=all. 

-e raw=set 

将指 定的系統調用的參數以十六進制顯示. 

-e signal=set 

指定跟蹤的系統信号.預設為all.如 signal=!SIGIO(或者signal=!io),表示不跟蹤SIGIO信号. 

-e read=set 

輸出從指定檔案中讀出 的資料.例如: 

-e read=3,5 

-e write=set 

輸出寫入到指定檔案中的資料. 

-o filename 

将strace的輸出寫入檔案filename 

-p pid 

跟蹤指定的程序pid. 

-s strsize 

指定輸出的字元串的最大長度.預設為32.檔案名一直全部輸出. 

-u username 

以username 的UID和GID執行被跟蹤的指令