2022/10/11——驅動激活LED、蜂鳴器和風扇

為驅動的使用友善，本次引入了自動建立裝置節點相關API——在入口函數中使用

1、向上送出目錄：struct class *class_create(struct module *owner, const char *name)

2、向上送出裝置節點：struct device *device_create(struct class *class, struct device *parent, dev_t devt, void *drvdata, const char *fmt, ...)

和其搭配使用的銷毀函數——在出口函數中使用

1、銷毀節點：void device_destroy(struct class *class, dev_t devt)

2、銷毀目錄：void class_destroy(struct class *cls)

本次實驗使用ioctl函數對裝置的管道進行管理，使用者程式可以通過指令碼（cmd）控制驅動

原型：int ioctl(int fd, unsigned long request, ...);

代碼實作

一、通用的Makefile

modname ?= fengshan
arch ?= arm

ifeq ($(arch),arm)#arm架構
KERNELDIR := /home/ubuntu/fsmp1a/linux-stm32mp-5.10.61-stm32mp-r2-r0/linux-5.10.61
else
KERNELDIR := /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build #x86架構路徑
#KERNELDIR是一個變量，指向核心源碼目錄
endif
PWD:=$(shell pwd)
#PWD指向目前驅動目錄的一個變量

all:
	make -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD) modules
#make -C $(KERNELDIR)
#進入核心頂層目錄下，讀取對應的Makefile檔案，然後執行make
clean:
	make -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD) clean

obj-m:=$(modname).o

二、.h檔案——寄存器位址和ioctl函數的宏定義

1、myled.h

#ifndef __MYLED_H__
#define __MYLED_H__

typedef struct{
    volatile unsigned int MODER;
    volatile unsigned int OTYPER;
    volatile unsigned int OSPEEDR;
    volatile unsigned int PUPDR;
    volatile unsigned int IDR;
    volatile unsigned int ODR;
    volatile unsigned int BSRR;
}gpio_t;
#define PHY_LED1_ADDR 0X50006000
#define PHY_LED2_ADDR 0X50007000
#define PHY_LED3_ADDR   0X50006000
#define PHY_RCC_ADDR  0X50000A28 
enum LED
{
    LED1=1,
    LED2,
    LED3
};

#define LED_ON _IO('a',1)
#define LED_OFF _IO('a',0)
#define LedON _IOW('a',1,int)
#define LedOFF _IOW('a',0,int)

#endif

2、fengming.h

#ifndef __FENGMING_H__
#define __FENGMING_H__

typedef struct{
    volatile unsigned int MODER;
    volatile unsigned int OTYPER;
    volatile unsigned int OSPEEDR;
    volatile unsigned int PUPDR;
    volatile unsigned int IDR;
    volatile unsigned int ODR;
    volatile unsigned int BSRR;
}gpio_t_bz;
#define PHY_BUZZER_ADDR 0X50003000
#define PHY_RCC_ADDR  0X50000A28 

#define BUZZER_ON _IO('b',2)
#define BUZZER_OFF _IO('b',3)

#endif

3、fengshan.h

#ifndef __FENGSHAN_H__
#define __FENGSHAN_H__

typedef struct{
    volatile unsigned int MODER;
    volatile unsigned int OTYPER;
    volatile unsigned int OSPEEDR;
    volatile unsigned int PUPDR;
    volatile unsigned int IDR;
    volatile unsigned int ODR;
    volatile unsigned int BSRR;
}gpio_t_fan;
#define PHY_FAN_ADDR 0X50006000
#define PHY_RCC_ADDR  0X50000A28 

#define FAN_ON _IO('c',4)
#define FAN_OFF _IO('c',5)

#endif

三、驅動的.c檔案

1、myled.c

#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/ioctl.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include"myled.h"
#define CNAME  "mycdev"

int major;//定義變量接收主裝置号
char kbuf[128]={};//定義數組用于存放和使用者之間拷貝的資料
gpio_t *vir_led1;
gpio_t *vir_led2;
gpio_t *vir_led3;
unsigned int *vir_rcc;
struct class *cls;//句柄
struct device *dev;

//對應的是open()
int mycdev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
      printk("%s:%s:%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
      return 0;
}
//read()
ssize_t mycdev_read(struct file *file, char __user *ubuf, size_t size, loff_t *loff)
{
    //size參數是使用者期待讀到的位元組長度
    int ret;
    if(size>sizeof(kbuf))
    size=sizeof(kbuf);
    ret=copy_to_user(ubuf,kbuf,size);
    if(ret)
    {
        printk("資料從核心向使用者拷貝失敗\n");
        return -EIO;
    }
       return size;
}
//write()
ssize_t mycdev_write(struct file *file, const char __user *ubuf, size_t size, loff_t *loff)
{
    int ret;
    if(size>sizeof(kbuf))
    size=sizeof(kbuf);
    ret=copy_from_user(kbuf,ubuf,size);
    if(ret)
    {
        printk("資料從使用者向核心拷貝失敗\n");
        return -EIO;
    }
       return size;
}
//close()
int mycdev_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
      printk("%s:%s:%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
       return 0;
}
long ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
    int ret,which;
    switch (cmd)
    {
    case LedON:
        ret=copy_from_user(&which,(void *)arg,sizeof(int));
        if(ret)
        {
            printk("使用者向核心拷貝資料失敗\n");
            return -EIO;
        }
        switch (which)
        {
        case LED1:
            vir_led1->ODR |= (1<<10);
            break;
        case LED2:
            vir_led2->ODR |= (1 << 10);
            break;
        case LED3:
            vir_led3->ODR |= (1 << 8);
            break;
        }
        break;
    case LedOFF:
        ret=copy_from_user(&which,(void *)arg,sizeof(int));
        if(ret)
        {
            printk("使用者向核心拷貝資料失敗\n");
            return -EIO;
        }
        switch (which)
        {
        case LED1:
            vir_led1->ODR &= ~(1 << 10);
            break;
        case LED2:
            vir_led2->ODR &= ~(1 << 10);
            break;
        case LED3:
            vir_led3->ODR &= ~(1 << 8);
            break;
        }
        break;
    default:
        printk("功能碼錯誤\n");
        break;
    }
    return 0;
}
//操作方法結構體的初始化
struct file_operations fops=
{
    .open=mycdev_open,
    .read=mycdev_read,
    .write=mycdev_write,
    .unlocked_ioctl=ioctl,
    .release=mycdev_close,
};
int all_led_init(void)
{
    //進行實體位址的映射
    vir_led1=ioremap(PHY_LED1_ADDR,sizeof(gpio_t));
    if(vir_led1==NULL)
    {
        printk("vir_led1 映射失敗\n");
        return -ENOMEM;
    }
    printk("vir_led1 映射成功\n");
   vir_led2=ioremap(PHY_LED2_ADDR,sizeof(gpio_t));
    if(vir_led2==NULL)
    {
        printk("vir_led2 映射失敗\n");
        return -ENOMEM;
    }
    printk("vir_led2 映射成功\n");
    vir_led3=ioremap(PHY_LED3_ADDR,sizeof(gpio_t));
    if(vir_led3==NULL)
    {
        printk("vir_led3 映射失敗\n");
        return -ENOMEM;
    }
    printk("vir_led3 映射成功\n");
    vir_rcc=ioremap(PHY_RCC_ADDR,4);
    if(vir_rcc==NULL)
    {
        printk("vir_rcc 映射失敗\n");
        return -ENOMEM;
    }
    printk("vir_rcc 映射成功\n");
    //寄存器的初始化
    //led1
    vir_led1->MODER &= ~(3<<20);
    vir_led1->MODER |= (1<<20);
    vir_led1->ODR &= ~(1<<10);

    //led2
    vir_led2->MODER &= ~(3<<20);
    vir_led2->MODER |= (1<<20);
    vir_led2->ODR &= ~(1<<10);

    //led3
   vir_led3->MODER &= ~(3<<16);
    vir_led3->MODER |= (1<<16);
    vir_led3->ODR &= ~(1<<8);

    (*vir_rcc) |= (3<<4);
    return 0;
}
//入口函數，當驅動安裝的時候執行
static int __init demo_init(void)
{
    //動态注冊字元裝置驅動
    major=register_chrdev(0,CNAME,&fops);
    if(major<0)
    {
        printk("字元裝置驅動注冊失敗\n");
        return major;
    }
    printk("字元裝置驅動注冊成功major=%d\n",major);
    //向上送出節點目錄
    cls=class_create(THIS_MODULE,"LED");
    if(IS_ERR(cls))
    {
        printk("向上送出目錄失敗\n");
        return PTR_ERR(cls);
    }
    printk("向上送出目錄成功\n");
    //建立裝置節點檔案
    dev=device_create(cls,NULL,MKDEV(major,0),NULL,"myled");
    if(IS_ERR(dev))
    {
        printk("建立節點失敗\n");
        return PTR_ERR(dev);
    }
    printk("建立節點成功\n");
    
    //寄存器的初始化
    all_led_init();
   
    return 0;
}

//出口函數，解除安裝驅動的時候執行
static void __exit demo_exit(void)
{
    //銷毀節點
    device_destroy(cls,MKDEV(major,0));
    //銷毀目錄
    class_destroy(cls);

    //取消映射
    iounmap(vir_led1);
    iounmap(vir_led2);
    iounmap(vir_led3);
    iounmap(vir_rcc);

    //登出字元裝置驅動
    unregister_chrdev(major,CNAME);
}
module_init(demo_init);
module_exit(demo_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

2、fengming.c

#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/ioctl.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include"fengming.h"
#define CNAME  "fengming"

int major;//定義變量接收主裝置号
char kbuf[128]={};//定義數組用于存放和使用者之間拷貝的資料
gpio_t_bz *vir_buz;
unsigned int *vir_rcc;
struct class *cls;//句柄
struct device *dev;

//對應的是open()
int mycdev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
      printk("%s:%s:%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
      return 0;
}
//read()
ssize_t mycdev_read(struct file *file, char __user *ubuf, size_t size, loff_t *loff)
{
    //size參數是使用者期待讀到的位元組長度
    int ret;
    if(size>sizeof(kbuf))
    size=sizeof(kbuf);
    ret=copy_to_user(ubuf,kbuf,size);
    if(ret)
    {
        printk("資料從核心向使用者拷貝失敗\n");
        return -EIO;
    }
       return size;
}
//write()
ssize_t mycdev_write(struct file *file, const char __user *ubuf, size_t size, loff_t *loff)
{
    int ret;
    if(size>sizeof(kbuf))
    size=sizeof(kbuf);
    ret=copy_from_user(kbuf,ubuf,size);
    if(ret)
    {
        printk("資料從使用者向核心拷貝失敗\n");
        return -EIO;
    }
       return size;
}
//close()
int mycdev_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
      printk("%s:%s:%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
       return 0;
}
long ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
    int ret,which;
    switch (cmd)
    {
    case BUZZER_ON:
        ret=copy_from_user(&which,(void *)arg,sizeof(int));
        if(ret)
        {
            printk("使用者向核心拷貝資料失敗\n");
            return -EIO;
        }
        vir_buz->ODR |= (1<<6);
        break;
    case BUZZER_OFF:
        ret=copy_from_user(&which,(void *)arg,sizeof(int));
        if(ret)
        {
            printk("使用者向核心拷貝資料失敗\n");
            return -EIO;
        }
        vir_buz->ODR &= ~(1<<6);
        break;
    default:
        printk("功能碼錯誤\n");
        break;
    }
    return 0;
}
//操作方法結構體的初始化
struct file_operations fops=
{
    .open=mycdev_open,
    .read=mycdev_read,
    .write=mycdev_write,
    .unlocked_ioctl=ioctl,
    .release=mycdev_close,
};
int all_buz_init(void)
{
    //進行實體位址的映射
    vir_buz=ioremap(PHY_BUZZER_ADDR,sizeof(gpio_t_bz));
    if(vir_buz==NULL)
    {
        printk("vir_buz 映射失敗\n");
        return -ENOMEM;
    }
    printk("vir_buz 映射成功\n");
    vir_rcc=ioremap(PHY_RCC_ADDR,4);
    if(vir_rcc==NULL)
    {
        printk("vir_rcc 映射失敗\n");
        return -ENOMEM;
    }
    printk("vir_rcc 映射成功\n");
    //寄存器的初始化
    //buz
    vir_buz->MODER &= ~(3<<12);
    vir_buz->MODER |= (1<<12);
    vir_buz->ODR &= ~(1<<6);
    (*vir_rcc) |= (1<<1);
    return 0;
}
//入口函數，當驅動安裝的時候執行
static int __init demo_init(void)
{
    //動态注冊字元裝置驅動
    major=register_chrdev(0,CNAME,&fops);
    if(major<0)
    {
        printk("字元裝置驅動注冊失敗\n");
        return major;
    }
    printk("字元裝置驅動注冊成功major=%d\n",major);
    //向上送出節點目錄
    cls=class_create(THIS_MODULE,"fengming");
    if(IS_ERR(cls))
    {
        printk("向上送出目錄失敗\n");
        return PTR_ERR(cls);
    }
    printk("向上送出目錄成功\n");
    //建立裝置節點檔案
    dev=device_create(cls,NULL,MKDEV(major,0),NULL,"fengming");
    if(IS_ERR(dev))
    {
        printk("建立節點失敗\n");
        return PTR_ERR(dev);
    }
    printk("建立節點成功\n");
    
    //寄存器的初始化
    all_buz_init();
   
    return 0;
}

//出口函數，解除安裝驅動的時候執行
static void __exit demo_exit(void)
{
    //銷毀節點
    device_destroy(cls,MKDEV(major,0));
    //銷毀目錄
    class_destroy(cls);

    //取消映射
    iounmap(vir_buz);
    iounmap(vir_rcc);

    //登出字元裝置驅動
    unregister_chrdev(major,CNAME);
}
module_init(demo_init);
module_exit(demo_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

3、fengshan.c

#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/ioctl.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include"fengshan.h"
#define CNAME  "fengshan"

int major;//定義變量接收主裝置号
char kbuf[128]={};//定義數組用于存放和使用者之間拷貝的資料
gpio_t_fan *vir_fan;
unsigned int *vir_rcc;
struct class *cls;//句柄
struct device *dev;

//對應的是open()
int mycdev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
      printk("%s:%s:%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
      return 0;
}
//read()
ssize_t mycdev_read(struct file *file, char __user *ubuf, size_t size, loff_t *loff)
{
    //size參數是使用者期待讀到的位元組長度
    int ret;
    if(size>sizeof(kbuf))
    size=sizeof(kbuf);
    ret=copy_to_user(ubuf,kbuf,size);
    if(ret)
    {
        printk("資料從核心向使用者拷貝失敗\n");
        return -EIO;
    }
       return size;
}
//write()
ssize_t mycdev_write(struct file *file, const char __user *ubuf, size_t size, loff_t *loff)
{
    int ret;
    if(size>sizeof(kbuf))
    size=sizeof(kbuf);
    ret=copy_from_user(kbuf,ubuf,size);
    if(ret)
    {
        printk("資料從使用者向核心拷貝失敗\n");
        return -EIO;
    }
       return size;
}
//close()
int mycdev_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
      printk("%s:%s:%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
       return 0;
}
long ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
    int ret,which;
    switch (cmd)
    {
    case FAN_ON:
        ret=copy_from_user(&which,(void *)arg,sizeof(int));
        if(ret)
        {
            printk("使用者向核心拷貝資料失敗\n");
            return -EIO;
        }
        vir_fan->ODR |= (1<<9);
        break;
    case FAN_OFF:
        ret=copy_from_user(&which,(void *)arg,sizeof(int));
        if(ret)
        {
            printk("使用者向核心拷貝資料失敗\n");
            return -EIO;
        }
        vir_fan->ODR &= ~(1<<9);
        break;
    default:
        printk("功能碼錯誤\n");
        break;
    }
    return 0;
}
//操作方法結構體的初始化
struct file_operations fops=
{
    .open=mycdev_open,
    .read=mycdev_read,
    .write=mycdev_write,
    .unlocked_ioctl=ioctl,
    .release=mycdev_close,
};
int all_fan_init(void)
{
    //進行實體位址的映射
    vir_fan=ioremap(PHY_FAN_ADDR,sizeof(gpio_t_fan));
    if(vir_fan==NULL)
    {
        printk("vir_fan 映射失敗\n");
        return -ENOMEM;
    }
    printk("vir_fan 映射成功\n");
    vir_rcc=ioremap(PHY_RCC_ADDR,4);
    if(vir_rcc==NULL)
    {
        printk("vir_rcc 映射失敗\n");
        return -ENOMEM;
    }
    printk("vir_rcc 映射成功\n");
    //寄存器的初始化
    //buz
    vir_fan->MODER &= ~(3<<18);
    vir_fan->MODER |= (1<<18);
    vir_fan->ODR &= ~(1<<9);
    (*vir_rcc) |= (1<<4);
    return 0;
}
//入口函數，當驅動安裝的時候執行
static int __init demo_init(void)
{
    //動态注冊字元裝置驅動
    major=register_chrdev(0,CNAME,&fops);
    if(major<0)
    {
        printk("字元裝置驅動注冊失敗\n");
        return major;
    }
    printk("字元裝置驅動注冊成功major=%d\n",major);
    //向上送出節點目錄
    cls=class_create(THIS_MODULE,"fengshan");
    if(IS_ERR(cls))
    {
        printk("向上送出目錄失敗\n");
        return PTR_ERR(cls);
    }
    printk("向上送出目錄成功\n");
    //建立裝置節點檔案
    dev=device_create(cls,NULL,MKDEV(major,0),NULL,"fengshan");
    if(IS_ERR(dev))
    {
        printk("建立節點失敗\n");
        return PTR_ERR(dev);
    }
    printk("建立節點成功\n");
    
    //寄存器的初始化
    all_fan_init();
   
    return 0;
}

//出口函數，解除安裝驅動的時候執行
static void __exit demo_exit(void)
{
    //銷毀節點
    device_destroy(cls,MKDEV(major,0));
    //銷毀目錄
    class_destroy(cls);

    //取消映射
    iounmap(vir_fan);
    iounmap(vir_rcc);

    //登出字元裝置驅動
    unregister_chrdev(major,CNAME);
}
module_init(demo_init);
module_exit(demo_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

四、test.c——使用者程式

#include<stdio.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/stat.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<sys/ioctl.h>
#include"myled.h"
#include"fengming.h"
#include"fengshan.h"

int main(int argc,char const *argv[])
{
    
    char buf[128]={};
    int fd=open("/dev/myled",O_RDWR);
    int fd_bz=open("/dev/fengming",O_RDWR);
    int fd_fan=open("/dev/fengshan",O_RDWR);
    int which;
    if(fd<0)
    {
        printf("打開檔案失敗\n");
        exit(-1);
    }
    printf("打開檔案成功\n");
    if(fd_bz<0)
    {
        printf("打開檔案失敗\n");
        exit(-1);
    }
    printf("打開檔案成功\n");
    if(fd_fan<0)
    {
        printf("打開檔案失敗\n");
        exit(-1);
    }
    printf("打開檔案成功\n");
    //在終端中輸入
    while(1)
    {
    printf("請輸入控制指令 1：開燈 0：關燈 2:蜂鳴器響 3:蜂鳴器不響 4:風扇轉動 5:風扇停止轉動 9:退出程式\n");
    fgets(buf,sizeof(buf),stdin);
    if(buf[0]=='2')
    {
        ioctl(fd_bz,BUZZER_ON,&which);
    }
    else if(buf[0]=='3')
    {
        ioctl(fd_bz,BUZZER_OFF,&which);
    }
    else if(buf[0]=='4')
    {
        ioctl(fd_fan,FAN_ON,&which);
    }
    else if(buf[0]=='5')
    {
        ioctl(fd_fan,FAN_OFF,&which);
    }
    else if(buf[0]=='9')
    {
        break;
    }
    else   //對LED燈進行操作
    {
        printf("請輸入要操作的燈: 1->LED1 2->LED2 3->LED3\n");
        scanf("%d",&which);
        getchar();
        //吃掉換行符
        buf[strlen(buf)-1] ='\0';

         if(buf[0]=='1')
            ioctl(fd,LedON,&which);
        else
             ioctl(fd,LedOFF,&which);
    }
    }
    close(fd);
    close(fd_bz);
    close(fd_fan);
    return 0;
}

2022/10/11——驅動激活LED、蜂鳴器和風扇

繼續閱讀

Apache (You don't have permission to access / on this server.）

debian9更新4.9.0核心到4.19.2核心過程

centOS7 配置 vsftpd 虛拟使用者及權限Vsftpd配置虛拟使用者及權限

linux-svn解除安裝與安裝

vsftp虛拟多使用者多權限一鍵部署腳本

Ubuntu14.04 LTS下安裝mongodb

httpd服務的部署、啟動、配置和簡單優化一、部署二、啟動三、配置檔案

配置網頁内容通路

手動安裝Intel network I217-LM網卡的Linux驅動

禁止ubuntu系統彈出報錯界面

Ubuntu Linux下Apache的配置檔案

samba伺服器的功能

【Linux】UDP廣播封包接收速率問題

Linux裝置模型（中）之上層容器

PowerPC平台 Linux移植三