天天看點

springmvc Rest 風格的 CRUD

示例: 

/order/1         HTTP GET :得到 id = 1 的 order 

/order/1         HTTP DELETE:删除 id = 1的 order 

/order/1         HTTP PUT:更新id = 1的 order 

/order            HTTP POST:新增 order 

HiddenHttpMethodFilter:浏覽器 form 表單隻支援 GET 與 POST 請求,而DELETE、PUT 等 method 并不支

持,Spring3.0 添加了一個過濾器,可以将這些請求轉換為标準的 http 方法,使得支援 GET、POST、PUT 與DELETE 請求。

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
	id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">

	<!-- 
	配置 org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter: 可以把 POST 請求轉為 DELETE 或 POST 請求 
	-->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
	</filter>
	
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>

	<!-- 配置 DispatcherServlet -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<!-- 配置 DispatcherServlet 的一個初始化參數: 配置 SpringMVC 配置檔案的位置和名稱 -->
		<!-- 
			實際上也可以不通過 contextConfigLocation 來配置 SpringMVC 的配置檔案, 而使用預設的.
			預設的配置檔案為: /WEB-INF/<servlet-name>-servlet.xml
		-->
		<!--  
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		-->
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>

	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>
           

controller

/ * 如何發送 PUT 請求和 DELETE 請求呢 ? 
	 * 1. 需要配置 HiddenHttpMethodFilter 
	 * 2. 需要發送 POST 請求
	 * 3. 需要在發送 POST 請求時攜帶一個 name="_method" 的隐藏域, 值為 DELETE 或 PUT
	 * 
	 * 在 SpringMVC 的目标方法中如何得到 id 呢? 使用 @PathVariable 注解
	 * 
	 */
           
@RequestMapping(value = "/testRest/{id}", method = RequestMethod.PUT)//更新
	public String testRestPut(@PathVariable Integer id) {
		System.out.println("testRest Put: " + id);
		return SUCCESS;
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/testRest/{id}", method = RequestMethod.DELETE)//删除
	public String testRestDelete(@PathVariable Integer id) {
		System.out.println("testRest Delete: " + id);
		return SUCCESS;
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/testRest", method = RequestMethod.POST)//新增
	public String testRest() {
		System.out.println("testRest POST");
		return SUCCESS;
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/testRest/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)//查詢
	public String testRest(@PathVariable Integer id) {
		System.out.println("testRest GET: " + id);
		return SUCCESS;
	}
           

jsp

<form action="springmvc/testRest/1" method="post">
		<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="PUT"/>
		<input type="submit" value="TestRest PUT"/>
	</form>
	<br><br>
	
	<form action="springmvc/testRest/1" method="post">
		<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="DELETE"/>
		<input type="submit" value="TestRest DELETE"/>
	</form>
	<br><br>
	
	<form action="springmvc/testRest" method="post">
		<input type="submit" value="TestRest POST"/>
	</form>
	<br><br>
	
	<a href="springmvc/testRest/1" target="_blank" rel="external nofollow" >Test Rest Get</a>
	<br><br>
           

例子

1. 顯示所有員工資訊

– URI:emps

– 請求方式:GET

2. 添加員工

– 顯示添加頁面:

• URI:emp

• 請求方式:GET

– 添加員工資訊:

• URI:emp

• 請求方式:POST

• 顯示效果:完成添加,重定向到 list 頁面

3. 删除操作

– URL:emp/{id}

– 請求方式:DELETE

– 删除後效果:對應記錄從資料表中删除

4.– 顯示修改頁面:

• URI:emp/{id}

• 請求方式:GET

• 顯示效果:回顯表單。

– 修改員工資訊:

• URI:emp 

• 請求方式:PUT

• 顯示效果:完成修改,重定向到 list 頁面。

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
	id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
	<display-name>springmvc</display-name>
	<welcome-file-list>
		<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>
	<!-- 配置 SpringMVC 的 DispatcherServlet -->
	<!-- The front controller of this Spring Web application, responsible for 
		handling all application requests -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>

	<!-- Map all requests to the DispatcherServlet for handling -->
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	
	<!-- 配置 HiddenHttpMethodFilter: 把 POST 請求轉為 DELETE、PUT 請求 -->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
	</filter>

	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
           

jsp

list.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
	pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<!--  
    scripts/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"不能加載
	SpringMVC 處理靜态資源:
	1. 為什麼會有這樣的問題:
	優雅的 REST 風格的資源URL 不希望帶 .html 或 .do 等字尾
	若将 DispatcherServlet 請求映射配置為 /, 
	則 Spring MVC 将捕獲 WEB 容器的所有請求, 包括靜态資源的請求, SpringMVC 會将他們當成一個普通請求處理, 
	因找不到對應處理器将導緻錯誤。
	2. 解決: 在 SpringMVC 的配置檔案中配置 <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
-->
<script type="text/javascript" src="scripts/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
   $(function(){
	  $(".delete").click(function(){
		  var href =$(this).attr("href");
		  $("#del").attr("action",href).submit();
		  return false;//讓a标簽不起連結作用
	  });
   });
</script>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="" method="POST" id="del">
       <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="DELETE">
    </form>
	<c:if test="${empty requestScope.employees }">
                     沒有任何員工資訊
    </c:if>
	<c:if test="${!empty requestScope.employees }">
		<table  cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0">
			<tr>
				<th>ID</th>
				<th>LastName</th>
				<th>Email</th>
				<th>Gender</th>
				<th>Department</th>
				<th>Edit</th>
				<th>Delete</th>
			</tr>
			<c:forEach items="${requestScope.employees}" var="emp">
			  <tr>
				<td>${emp.id }</td>
				<td>${emp.lastName }</td>
				<td>${emp.email }</td>
				<td>${emp.gender ==0?'Female':'Male' }</td>
				<td>${emp.department.departmentName }</td>
				<td><a href="emp/${emp.id }" target="_blank" rel="external nofollow"  target="_blank" rel="external nofollow" >Edit</a></td>
				<td><a class="delete" href="emp/${emp.id }" target="_blank" rel="external nofollow"  target="_blank" rel="external nofollow" >Delete</a></td>
			  </tr>
			</c:forEach>
		</table>
	</c:if>
     <!--  -->
     <br><br>
     <a href="emp" target="_blank" rel="external nofollow" >添加新員工</a>
</body>
</html>
           

input.jsp

<%@page import="java.util.HashMap"%>
<%@page import="java.util.Map"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
	pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<!--  
		1. WHY 使用 form 标簽呢 ?
		可以更快速的開發出表單頁面, 而且可以更友善的進行表單值的回顯
		2. 注意:
		可以通過 modelAttribute 屬性指定綁定的模型屬性,
		若沒有指定該屬性,則預設從 request 域對象中讀取 command 的表單 bean
		如果該屬性值也不存在,則會發生錯誤。
	-->
	<form:form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/emp"
		method="POST" modelAttribute="empolyee">

		<c:if test="${empolyee.id ==null }">
			<!-- path屬性對應html 表單标簽的name屬性 -->
	        LastName:<form:input path="lastName" />
		</c:if>
		<c:if test="${empolyee.id !=null }">
			<form:hidden path="id"/>
			<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="PUT">
		</c:if>
		<br>
	  Email:<form:input path="email" />
		<br>
		<%
			Map<String, String> genders = new HashMap();
				genders.put("1", "Male");
				genders.put("0", "Female");
				request.setAttribute("genders", genders);
		%>
	  Gender:<form:radiobuttons path="gender" items="${genders}"
			delimiter="<br>" />
		<br>
	  Department:<form:select path="department.id" items="${departments}"
			itemLabel="departmentName" itemValue="id"></form:select>
		<br>
		<br>
		<input type="submit" value="Submit" />
	</form:form>
</body>
</html>
           

springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">

	<!-- 配置自定掃描的包 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.me.springmvc"></context:component-scan>

	<!-- 配置視圖解析器: 如何把 handler 方法傳回值解析為實際的實體視圖 -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
	</bean>
	
	 <!--  
		default-servlet-handler 将在 SpringMVC 上下文中定義一個 DefaultServletHttpRequestHandler,
		它會對進入 DispatcherServlet 的請求進行篩查, 如果發現是沒有經過映射的請求, 就将該請求交由 WEB 應用伺服器預設的 
		Servlet 處理. 如果不是靜态資源的請求,才由 DispatcherServlet 繼續處理

		一般 WEB 應用伺服器預設的 Servlet 的名稱都是 default.
		若所使用的 WEB 伺服器的預設 Servlet 名稱不是 default,則需要通過 default-servlet-name 屬性顯式指定
		使用該配置需要配置<mvc:annotation-driven/> 否則RequestMapping不起作用
	-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
           

controller

package com.me.springmvc.controller;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

import com.me.springmvc.dao.DepartmentDao;
import com.me.springmvc.dao.EmployeeDao;
import com.me.springmvc.entities.Employee;

@Controller
public class EmployeeControllr {

	@Autowired
	EmployeeDao employeeDao;
	@Autowired
	DepartmentDao departmentDao;
	
    /**
     * @ModelAttribute注解執行@RequestMapping的請求時,會先執行該方法,
     * 該方法作用:送出的修改表單沒有lastName,通過此方法保證更新操作的時候,lastName不為空,還是原來的值
     * @param id
     * @param map
     */
	@ModelAttribute
	public void getEmployee(@RequestParam(value = "id", required = false) Integer id, Map<String, Object> map) {
		if (id != null) {
			map.put("employee", employeeDao.get(id));
		}

	}
    /**
     * 修改的時候 送出的表單沒有lastName,通過 getEmployee方法來補全lastName的值,否則修改後lastName為null
     * @param employee
     * @return
     */
	@RequestMapping(value = "/emp", method = RequestMethod.PUT)
	public String update(Employee employee) {
		employeeDao.save(employee);
		return "redirect:/emps";
	}

	/**
	 * 轉到修改頁面,進行表單回顯
	 * @param id
	 * @param map
	 * @return
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value = "/emp/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public String input(@PathVariable("id") Integer id, Map<String, Object> map) {
		map.put("empolyee", employeeDao.get(id));
		map.put("departments", departmentDao.getDepartments());
		return "input";
	}

	/*
	 * 轉到添加頁面
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value = "/emp", method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public String input(Map<String, Object> map) {
		map.put("departments", departmentDao.getDepartments());
		// 解決
		// java.lang.IllegalStateException: Neither BindingResult nor plain
		// target object for bean name 'command' available as request attribute
		// 往map添加 empolyee鍵值對 頁面表單添加 modelAttribute="empolyee"
		// <form:form action="emp" method="POST" modelAttribute="empolyee">
		// 預設是modelAttribute="command"
		map.put("empolyee", new Employee());
		return "input";
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/emp", method = RequestMethod.POST)
	public String save(Employee employee) {
		employeeDao.save(employee);
		return "redirect:/emps";
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/emp/{id}", method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
	public String delete(@PathVariable Integer id) {
		employeeDao.delete(id);
		return "redirect:/emps";
	}

	@RequestMapping("/emps")
	public String list(Map<String, Object> map) {
		Collection<Employee> employees = employeeDao.getAll();
		map.put("employees", employees);
		return "list";
	}
}
           

springmvc 有時候離奇的不能進通路controller可能是編譯環境和tomcat運作環境不一緻!

http://pan.baidu.com/s/1c1GSKEG

繼續閱讀