Android APP 存儲權限(适用高于Android R版本)

1. 低于Android R版本

1.1 修改AndroidManifest.xml ：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
      

<application
    android:requestLegacyExternalStorage="true"      

 1.2 代碼增權重限申請

if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
 Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
        != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
        || ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, 
 Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
        != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
    //多個權限一起申請
    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{
            Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
            Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
    }, 1);
}
           

@Override
    public void  onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permission, int[] grantResult) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permission, grantResult);
        switch (requestCode) {
            case 1:
                if (grantResult.length>0){
                    boolean readper = grantResult[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
                    if(readper){
                        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Permission Granted", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                    else {
                        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Permission Denied", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                } else {
                    Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "You Denied Permission", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
           

2. 高于Android R版本

2.1 方法1： 申請MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE權限

修改AndroidManifest.xml ：
<uses-permission
    android:name="android.permission.MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"
    android:minSdkVersion="30" />      

public void askForPermissions() {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
            if (!Environment.isExternalStorageManager()) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_APP_ALL_FILES_ACCESS_PERMISSION);
                intent.setData(Uri.parse("package:" + getPackageName()));
                startActivityForResult(intent, REQ_PERMISSION_CODE);
            }
        }
    }
           

2.2 方法2：通過InputStream/OutputStream讀寫檔案

//通過FileOutputStream 寫檔案
   public static FileOutputStream GetFileOutputStreamFromFile(String fileUrl, Context context){
        FileOutputStream Fout = null;
        OutputStream out = null;
        //擷取檔案名
        String FileName = fileUrl.substring(fileUrl.lastIndexOf("/") + 1).toLowerCase();
        Log.i(TAG,"GetFileOutputStreamFromFile2->FileName:"+ FileName);

        final ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
        values.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.RELATIVE_PATH, Environment.DIRECTORY_MUSIC + File.separator + "AudioTest"); //路徑
        values.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.DISPLAY_NAME, FileName);//檔案名
        values.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.MIME_TYPE, "audio/basic");
        values.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.IS_PENDING, 1);

        ContentResolver resolver = context.getContentResolver();
        final Uri uri=resolver.insert(MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, values);

        //uri轉換為string路徑
        Log.i(TAG,"GetFileOutputStreamFromFile2->uri:"+ uri);
        String[] proj = { MediaStore.Audio.Media.DATA };
        Cursor cursor = resolver.query(uri,proj,null,null,null);
        int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Audio.Media.DATA);
        cursor.moveToFirst();
        String file_path = cursor.getString(column_index);
        Log.i(TAG,"GetFileOutputStreamFromFile2->path:"+ file_path);
        PCMFilePath = file_path;

        //openOutputStream
        try {
            out = resolver.openOutputStream(uri);
        }catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        //OutputStream轉FileOutputStream
        if (out instanceof FileOutputStream) {
            Fout = (FileOutputStream) out;
        }else{
            Log.e(TAG,"converto FileOutputStream failed.");
        }
        return Fout;
    }

    //讀檔案
   public static FileInputStream GetFileInputStreamFromFile(String fileUrl)
        FileInputStream Fin = null;
        File file_in = new File(fileUrl);

        try {
            Fin = new FileInputStream(file_in);
        }catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return;
        }
        return Fin;
    }