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Spring MVC簡單實作例子

1 項目總體功能簡介

這是一個論壇登入子產品的功能，首先登入頁面提供一個帶使用者名/密碼的輸入表單，使用者填寫并送出表單後，伺服器端程式檢查是否有比對的使用者名/密碼。如果使用者名/密碼不比對，則傳回登入頁面，并給出提示；如果使用者名/密碼比對，則記錄使用者的成功登入之，更新使用者的最後登入時間和ip,并給使用者增加5個積分，然後重定向傳回歡迎頁面，如下圖所示：

Spring MVC簡單實作例子

1.1 使用工具為MySQL和eclipse,項目結構如下圖所示：

Spring MVC簡單實作例子
Spring MVC簡單實作例子

1.2 建立資料庫和表的腳本如下：

DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS sampledb;
CREATE DATABASE sampledb DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8;
USE sampledb;

##建立使用者表
CREATE TABLE t_user (
   user_id   INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
   user_name VARCHAR(),
   password  VARCHAR(),
   credits INT,
   last_visit datetime,
   last_ip  VARCHAR()
)ENGINE=InnoDB; 

##建立使用者登入日志表
CREATE TABLE t_login_log (
   login_log_id  INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
   user_id   INT,
   ip  VARCHAR(),
   login_datetime datetime
)ENGINE=InnoDB; 

##插入初始化資料
INSERT INTO t_user (user_name,password) 
             VALUES('admin','123456');
COMMIT;

##建立使用者
CREATE USER 'spring'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'spring123'; 
##授權
GRANT ALL ON sampledb.*  TO 'spring'@'localhost';

1.3 項目的settings.xml的檔案設定，使用的是阿裡的maven庫。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
  <!-- <mirrors>
    <mirror>
      <id>localMaven</id>
      <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
      <name>MyMaven</name>
      <url>http://maven.oschina.net/content/groups/public/</url>
    </mirror>
  </mirrors>
  -->
  <localRepository>F:\maven</localRepository>
 <!-- <profiles>
    <profile>   
        <id>jdk-1.8</id>   
        <activation>   
            <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>   
            <jdk>1.8</jdk>   
        </activation>   
        <properties>   
            <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>   
            <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>   
            <maven.compiler.compilerVersion>1.8</maven.compiler.compilerVersion>   
        </properties>   
    </profile>
    <profile> 
        <id>dev</id> 
        <repositories> 
            <repository> 
                <id>local-nexus</id> 
                <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url> 
                <releases> 
                    <enabled>true</enabled> 
                </releases> 
                <snapshots> 
                    <enabled>true</enabled> 
                </snapshots> 
            </repository> 
        </repositories> 
    </profile>
</profiles>
  -->
  <mirrors>
  <mirror>

    <id>nexus-aliyun</id>
    <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
    <name>Nexus aliyun</name>
    <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
  </mirror>
</mirrors>

</settings>

2 代碼詳解

2.1 maven的pom.xml檔案

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.test</groupId>
  <artifactId>springDemo1</artifactId>
  <version>1</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>


  <dependencies>
        <!-- 依賴的spring子產品類庫 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
          <!-- 依賴的連接配接池類庫 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
            <version>${commons-dbcp.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 依賴的資料庫驅動類庫 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>${servlet.version}</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>${aspectj.version}</version>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>${testng.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- jetty插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jetty-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>6.1.25</version>
                <configuration>
                    <connectors>
                        <connector implementation="org.mortbay.jetty.nio.SelectChannelConnector">
                            <port>8080</port>
                            <maxIdleTime>60000</maxIdleTime>
                        </connector>
                    </connectors>
                    <contextPath>/springDemo1</contextPath>
                    <scanIntervalSeconds>0</scanIntervalSeconds>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.17</version>
                <configuration>
                    <parallel>methods</parallel>
                    <threadCount>10</threadCount>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
   <!-- 上面類庫的版本 -->
    <properties>
        <file.encoding>UTF-8</file.encoding>
        <spring.version>4.2.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.29</mysql.version>
        <servlet.version>3.0-alpha-1</servlet.version>
        <aspectj.version>1.8.1</aspectj.version>
        <commons-codec.version>1.9</commons-codec.version>
        <commons-dbcp.version>1.4</commons-dbcp.version>
        <hibernate.validator.version>5.0.2.Final</hibernate.validator.version>
        <jetty.version>8.1.8.v20121106</jetty.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.7.5</slf4j.version>
        <testng.version>6.8.7</testng.version>
    </properties>

</project>

2.2 實體對象

User.java 代碼清單

package com.smart.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

public class User implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = -L;

    private int userId;

    private String userName;

    private String password;

    private int credits;

    private String lastIp;

    private Date lastVisit;

    public String getLastIp() {
        return lastIp;
    }

    public void setLastIp(String lastIp) {
        this.lastIp = lastIp;
    }

    public Date getLastVisit() {
        return lastVisit;
    }

    public void setLastVisit(Date lastVisit) {
        this.lastVisit = lastVisit;
    }

    public int getUserId() {
        return userId;
    }

    public void setUserId(int userId) {
        this.userId = userId;
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public int getCredits() {
        return credits;
    }

    public void setCredits(int credits) {
        this.credits = credits;
    }
}

LoginLog.java

package com.smart.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;

public class LoginLog implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = -L;

    private int loginLogId;

    private int userId;

    private String ip;

    private Date loginDate;

    public String getIp() {
        return ip;
    }

    public void setIp(String ip) {
        this.ip = ip;
    }

    public Date getLoginDate() {
        return loginDate;
    }

    public void setLoginDate(Date loginDate) {
        this.loginDate = loginDate;
    }

    public int getLoginLogId() {
        return loginLogId;
    }

    public void setLoginLogId(int loginLogId) {
        this.loginLogId = loginLogId;
    }

    public int getUserId() {
        return userId;
    }

    public void setUserId(int userId) {
        this.userId = userId;
    }

}

2.3 持久層的兩個dao

LoginLogDao.java

package com.smart.dao;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.smart.domain.LoginLog;

//通過Spring注解定義一個DAO
@Repository
public class LoginLogDao {
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    // 儲存登陸日志SQL
    private final static String INSERT_LOGIN_LOG_SQL = "INSERT INTO t_login_log(user_id,ip,login_datetime) VALUES(?,?,?)";

    public void insertLoginLog(LoginLog loginLog) {
        Object[] args = { loginLog.getUserId(), loginLog.getIp(),
                loginLog.getLoginDate() };
        jdbcTemplate.update(INSERT_LOGIN_LOG_SQL, args);
    }

    // 自動注入JdbcTemplate的Bean
    @Autowired
    public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
        this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
    }
}

UserDao.java

package com.smart.dao;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowCallbackHandler;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.smart.domain.User;

@Repository
public class UserDao {
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    private  final static String MATCH_COUNT_SQL = " SELECT count(*) FROM t_user  " +
            " WHERE user_name =? and password=? ";
    private  final static String UPDATE_LOGIN_INFO_SQL = " UPDATE t_user SET " +
            " last_visit=?,last_ip=?,credits=?  WHERE user_id =?";

    public int getMatchCount(String userName, String password) {

        return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(MATCH_COUNT_SQL, new Object[]{userName, password}, Integer.class);
    }

    public User findUserByUserName(final String userName) {
        String sqlStr = " SELECT user_id,user_name,credits "
                + " FROM t_user WHERE user_name =? ";
        final User user = new User();
        jdbcTemplate.query(sqlStr, new Object[] { userName },
               // 匿名類方式實作的回調函數
                new RowCallbackHandler() {
                    public void processRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {
                        user.setUserId(rs.getInt("user_id"));
                        user.setUserName(userName);
                        user.setCredits(rs.getInt("credits"));
                    }
                });
        return user;
    }

    public void updateLoginInfo(User user) {
        jdbcTemplate.update(UPDATE_LOGIN_INFO_SQL, new Object[] { user.getLastVisit(),
                user.getLastIp(),user.getCredits(),user.getUserId()});
    }

    @Autowired
    public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
        this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
    }
}

2.4 業務層的服務

UserService.java

package com.smart.service;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.smart.dao.LoginLogDao;
import com.smart.dao.UserDao;
import com.smart.domain.LoginLog;
import com.smart.domain.User;

//将UserService标注為一個服務層的Bean
@Service
public class UserService {
    private UserDao userDao;
    private LoginLogDao loginLogDao;

    public boolean hasMatchUser(String userName, String password) {
        int matchCount = userDao.getMatchCount(userName, password);
        return matchCount > ;
    }

    public User findUserByUserName(String userName) {
        return userDao.findUserByUserName(userName);
    }

    @Transactional
    public void loginSuccess(User user) {
        user.setCredits( + user.getCredits());
        LoginLog loginLog = new LoginLog();
        loginLog.setUserId(user.getUserId());
        loginLog.setIp(user.getLastIp());
        loginLog.setLoginDate(user.getLastVisit());
        userDao.updateLoginInfo(user);
        loginLogDao.insertLoginLog(loginLog);
    }

    @Autowired
    public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
        this.userDao = userDao;
    }

    @Autowired
    public void setLoginLogDao(LoginLogDao loginLogDao) {
        this.loginLogDao = loginLogDao;
    }
}

2.5 配置檔案

smart-context.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd">

    <!-- 掃描類包，将标注Spring注解的類自動轉化Bean，同時完成Bean的注入 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.smart.dao"/>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.smart.service"/>

    <!-- 配置資料源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
        destroy-method="close" 
        p:driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
        p:url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sampledb"
        p:username="spring"
        p:password="spring123" />

    <!-- 配置Jdbc模闆  -->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"
        p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" />

    <!-- 配置事務管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"
        p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" />

    <!-- 通過AOP配置提供事務增強，讓service包下所有Bean的所有方法擁有事務 -->
    <aop:config proxy-target-class="true">
        <aop:pointcut id="serviceMethod"
            expression="(execution(* com.smart.service..*(..))) and (@annotation(org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional))" />
        <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="serviceMethod" advice-ref="txAdvice" />
    </aop:config>
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="*" />
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
</beans>

2.6 展現層

LoginCommand.java，用于接受從前端頁面傳遞的參數

package com.smart.web;

public class LoginCommand {
    private String userName;

    private String password;

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }
}

LoginController.java，負責處理登入請求，完成登入業務

package com.smart.web;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.smart.domain.User;
import com.smart.service.UserService;

//标注成為一個Spring MVC的Controller
@RestController
public class LoginController {
    private UserService userService;

    // 負責處理/index.html的請求
    @RequestMapping(value = "/index.html")
    public String loginPage() {
        return "login";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/loginCheck.html")
    public ModelAndView loginCheck(HttpServletRequest request,
            LoginCommand loginCommand) {
        boolean isValidUser = userService.hasMatchUser(
                loginCommand.getUserName(), loginCommand.getPassword());
        if (!isValidUser) {
            return new ModelAndView("login", "error", "使用者名或密碼錯誤。");
        } else {
            User user = userService.findUserByUserName(loginCommand
                    .getUserName());
            user.setLastIp(request.getLocalAddr());
            user.setLastVisit(new Date());
            userService.loginSuccess(user);
            request.getSession().setAttribute("user", user);
            return new ModelAndView("main");
        }
    }

    @Autowired
    public void setUserService(UserService userService) {
        this.userService = userService;
    }
}

smart-servlet.xml,聲明控制器，掃描Web路徑，指定Spring MVC的視圖解析器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
    <!-- 掃描web包，應用Spring的注解 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.smart.web"/>

    <!-- 配置視圖解析器，将ModelAndView及字元串解析為具體的頁面 -->
    <bean
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
        p:viewClass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" 
        p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/"
        p:suffix=".jsp" />

</beans>

web.xml,配置Spring容器的監聽器，以便Web容器啟動時能夠自動啟動Spring容器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" 
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
    <!-- 從類路徑下加載spring配置檔案，classpath關鍵字特指類路徑下加載 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:smart-context.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <!-- 負責啟動spring容器的監聽器 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>
            org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
        </listener-class>
    </listener>
<!-- Spring MVC的主要Servlet -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>smart</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>
            org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
        </servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>3</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
<!-- Spring MVC處理的URL -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>smart</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

2.7 頁面

index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">

    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css" target="_blank" rel="external nofollow" >
    -->
  </head>

  <body>
    This is my JSP page. <br>
  </body>
</html>

login.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>小春論壇登入</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <c:if test="${!empty error}">
            <font color="red"><c:out value="${error}" /></font>
        </c:if>        
        <form action="<c:url value="loginCheck.html"/>" method="post">
            使用者名：
            <input type="text" name="userName">
            <br>
            密 碼：
            <input type="password" name="password">
            <br>
            <input type="submit" value="登入" />
            <input type="reset" value="重置" />
        </form>
    </body>
</html>

main.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>小春論壇</title>
</head>
<body>
    ${user.userName},歡迎您進入小春論壇，您目前積分為${user.credits};
</body>
</html>

3 效果

在pom.xml中配置的是使用jetty插件啟動項目，項目啟動後，結果如下圖所示

Spring MVC簡單實作例子
Spring MVC簡單實作例子
spring spring mvc
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