linux下通過mdadm指令實作軟體RAID配置
1.配置yum源
2. yum install mdadm -y
3.man mdadm
mdadm常用模式:
Assemble:裝配模式,将原來屬于一個陣列的每個塊裝置組裝為陣列
Build:建立一個不需要中繼資料的陣列(超級塊),沒個裝置沒有中繼資料塊
Create:建立一個新的陣列,每個裝置都有超級塊
–create == -C 建立一個新的陣列
–level == -l 設定RAID組級别
–raid-devices == -n 設定裝置活動個數
–spare-devices == -x 設定備用盤的個數
–chunk == -c chunk預設64K
Monitor:監控模式,監控RAID狀态,可以實作全局熱備
–follow -F 選擇監控模式
–syslog == -y 事件日志記錄
–delay == -d 設定raid輪循,預設時間60s
–test == -t 生成警告資訊
Grow:修改陣列屬性(陣列磁盤個數,使用容量)
–grow == -G 修改陣列大小或裝置數量
–raid-devices == -n 活動裝置個數
–chunk == -c 設定CHUNK大小
–level == -l 設定等級
–name == -N 設定陣列名稱
Incremental Assembly:添加一個裝置帶陣列中
Misc:報告或者修改陣列中相關裝置資訊
–query-Q 查詢一個RAID或者RAID元件裝置資訊
–detail == -D 檢視RAID組詳細資訊
–stop==—S 停止RAID組
Auto-detect:要求在linux核心啟動時自動檢測陣列
#RAID0實作過程
1.進行軟體安裝安裝跟新:
yum install mdadm -y
2.準備倆塊raid0的成員盤并進行分區
fdisk /dev/sdb
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list all codes): fd
Changed type of partition ‘Linux’ to ‘Linux raid autodetect’
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xe2b54778
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 2048 41943039 20970496 fd Linux raid autodetect
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
fdisk /dev/sdc同上
3.準備完磁盤後,檢查磁盤是否正确定義RAID
[[email protected] ~]# mdadm --examine /dev/sd[b-c]
/dev/sdb:
MBR Magic : aa55
Partition[0] : 41940992 sectors at 2048 (type fd)
/dev/sdc:
MBR Magic : aa55
Partition[0] : 41940992 sectors at 2048 (type fd)
[[email protected] ~]# mdadm --examine /dev/sd[b-c]1
mdadm: No md superblock detected on /dev/sdb1.
mdadm: No md superblock detected on /dev/sdc1.
[[email protected] ~]#
4.建立RAID0(/dev/md0)
mdadm -C /dev/md0 -l raid0 -n 2 /dev/sd[b-c]1
[[email protected] ~]# mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=stripe --raid-devices=2 /dev/sd[bc]1
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md0 started.
[[email protected] ~]#
5.檢視RAID組狀态:
[[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid0]
md0 : active raid0 sdc1[1] sdb1[0]
41939968 blocks super 1.2 512k chunks
unused devices: <none>
[[email protected] ~]#
檢視RAID組級别:
[[email protected] ~]# mdadm -E /dev/sd[bc]1
檢視RAID組裝置
[[email protected] ~]# mdadm --detail /dev/md0
6.針對RAID組進行檔案系統建立
[[email protected] ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/md0
7.建立挂載目錄并進行永久挂載
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /mnt/raid0
[[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/md0 /mnt/raid0/
[[email protected] ~]# df -hT
永久挂載:
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/fstab
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Wed Jul 4 21:57:46 2018
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/rhel-root / xfs defaults 1 1
UUID=cce16428-f4df-48c8-96a4-1e7e68e9343b /boot xfs defaults 1 2
/dev/mapper/rhel-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/md0 /mnt/raid0 ext4 defaults 0 0
[[email protected] ~]# mount -a
8.儲存RAID組配置:
[[email protected] ~]# mdadm --detail --scan --verbose >> /etc/mdadm.conf
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/mdadm.conf
ARRAY /dev/md0 level=raid0 num-devices=2 metadata=1.2 name=localhost.localdomain:0 UUID=da3e0615:320a0e62:6115b620:3775dce4
devices=/dev/sdb1,/dev/sdc1
[[email protected] ~]#
9.使用RAID組:
echo "這是一個RAID0陣列測試檔案" > /mnt/raid0/test.conf