C#的送出表單方式主要有兩種WebClient與HttpWebRequest,restsharp
WebClient最大的不同之處在于HttpWebRequest更靈活,也更強大,比如,HttpWebRequest支援Cookie,而WebClient就不支援,是以,如果要登入某個網站才能進行某些操作的時候,HttpWebResponse就派上用場了。
WebClient是可以操作Cookie的,因為Cookie本質上就是個字元串,隻要伺服器傳回的頭是“SetCooie:xxx”,是以,按照傳回的格式做下處理(不能原樣傳回,具體可以抓包分析下格式),存起來,然後在HTTP請求頭上加上“Cookie:xxx”即可
首先要提下Referer還有Cookie
Referer:就是一般在浏覽器中發送Http請求時帶的頭資訊,被廣泛用來統計點選資訊,即從那個點選而來,是以有些網站也會用這個性質來防盜鍊,很多時候如果什麼圖檔僅限内部交流之類的,就是用了這個原理。
Cookie:某些網站為了辨識使用者身份、進行session跟蹤而儲存在使用者本地終端上的資料(通常經過加密),通常大家登入的時候就要用到它,登入後,網站會儲存一個Cookie的東西在本地計算機上,然後每次通路網站時,便會把這個網站的Cookie也一并發送過去,伺服器就憑借這個來确認你的身份。它是個重要資訊,有些黑客也會通過盜取Cookie的方式來侵入你的賬戶。
webClient(get)
//第一種
//這裡即為傳遞的參數,可以用工具抓包分析,也可以自己分析,主要是form裡面每一個name都要加進來
using (WebClient webClient = new WebClient())
{
string url="http://localhost:21021/Test/GetUpdateLog?Version=" + _Version;
//Console.WriteLine("Sending an HTTP GET request to " + url);
byte[] bResponse = webClient.DownloadData(url);
string strResponse = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bResponse);
var DynamicObject = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<dynamic>(strResponse);
var aa = DynamicObject.result.ok;//傳回的結果中的項
if (aa=="True")
{
string jsondata = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(DynamicObject.result.data);//有時候不能直接轉換成實體,這裡先把接收到json格式化一下
var aaaa= JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<dynamic>(jsondata);
return aaaa;
}
return null;
}
//第二種
string uri = "http://localhost:21021/Test/GetUpdateLog?Version=" + _Version;
WebClient wc = new WebClient();
Console.WriteLine("Sending an HTTP GET request to " + uri);
Stream st = wc.OpenRead(uri);
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(st);
string res = sr.ReadToEnd();
sr.Close();
st.Close();
Console.WriteLine("HTTP Response is ");
Console.WriteLine(res);
背景接收
[HttpGet]
public ActionResult GetUpdateLog(string Version)
{
//邏輯代碼
return Json(new { ok = false, msg = "null", data = "傳回的實體" });
}
webClient (post)
//這裡即為傳遞的參數,可以用工具抓包分析,也可以自己分析,主要是form裡面每一個name都要加進來
string postString = "arg1=a&arg2=b";//也可以傳json 比如datatable轉成json,服務端接收時用list<model>
byte[] postData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postString);//編碼,尤其是漢字,事先要看下抓取網頁的編碼方式
string url = "http://localhost/register.php";//位址
using (WebClient webClient = new WebClient())
{
webClient.Headers.Add("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8");//采取POST方式必須加的header,如果改為GET方式的話就去掉這句話即可
byte[] responseData = webClient.UploadData(url, "POST", postData);//得到傳回字元流
string srcString = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(responseData);//解碼
var DynamicObject = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<dynamic>(srcString);
string aa = DynamicObject.result;//傳回的結果中的項
//List<dynamic> model = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<dynamic>>(aa);将json反序列化
return "";
}
背景接收
[HttpPost]
public string YLBSynchronous(List<YLBModel> YLB)
{
//Model是一個實體類
return xqgmd=YLB[0].HDL_C;
}
傳檔案
try
{
var fileName = System.IO.Path.GetFileName(filePath);
var client = new RestClient("http://127.0.0.1/api/uploadfile");
var request = new RestRequest(Method.POST);
request.AlwaysMultipartFormData = true;
request.AddHeader("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data");
request.AddFile("file", filePath);
request.AddParameter("multipart/form-data", fileName, ParameterType.RequestBody);
var response = client.Execute(request);
return response.StatusCode == System.Net.HttpStatusCode.OK;
}
catch
{
return false;
}
HttpWebRequest 發送資料接受資料跟WebClient一樣
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("POST請求的位址");
request.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer();
CookieContainer cookie = request.CookieContainer;//如果用不到Cookie,删去即可
//以下是發送的http頭,随便加,其中referer挺重要的,有些網站會根據這個來反盜鍊
request.Referer = “http://localhost/index.php”;
request.Accept = "Accept:text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8";
request.Headers["Accept-Language"] = "zh-CN,zh;q=0.";
request.Headers["Accept-Charset"] = "GBK,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3";
request.UserAgent = "User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/535.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/14.0.835.202 Safari/535.1";
request.KeepAlive = true;
//上面的http頭看情況而定,但是下面倆必須加
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
request.Method = "POST";
Encoding encoding = Encoding.UTF8;//根據網站的編碼自定義
byte[] postData = encoding.GetBytes(postDataStr);//postDataStr即為發送的資料,格式還是和上次說的一樣
request.ContentLength = postData.Length;
Stream requestStream = request.GetRequestStream();
requestStream.Write(postData, 0, postData.Length);
HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream();
//如果http頭中接受gzip的話,這裡就要判斷是否為有壓縮,有的話,直接解壓縮即可
if (response.Headers["Content-Encoding"] != null && response.Headers["Content-Encoding"].ToLower().Contains("gzip"))
{
responseStream = new GZipStream(responseStream, CompressionMode.Decompress);
}
StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(responseStream, encoding);
string retString = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
streamReader.Close();
responseStream.Close();
return retString;
restsharp
第三種方式詳見我另一篇文章
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_39569480/article/details/108996039