Linux下設定swap(虛拟記憶體區)

[[email?protected] ~]# free???m

[[email?protected] tmp]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/big_swap bs=1024 count=2000000

[[email?protected] tmp]# du -sh /tmp/big_swap

[[email?protected] tmp]# mkswap /tmp/big_swap

[[email?protected] tmp]# swapon /tmp/big_swap

[[email?protected] tmp]# free???m

[[email?protected] tmp]# vi /etc/fstab

# LABEL=SWAP-hda2?????????swap????????????????????swap????defaults????????0 0

??/tmp/big_swap???????????swap????????????????????swap????defaults????????0 0

?

===========================================================================================?

涓????ョ????瀛???swap澶у?锛?????wap????瀛?澶у???涓???

?[[email?protected] ~]# free -m

?????????????total???????used???????free?????shared????buffers?????cached

Mem:??????????1001????????338????????662??????????0??????????8????????307

-/+ buffers/cache:?????????22????????978

Swap:??????????509??????????0????????509

===========================================================================================?

浜????沖??淇???wap澶у?锛?棣????ㄧ┖?村????澶???寤虹?ㄤ????虹??swap??浠訛?

[[email?protected] tmp]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/big_swap bs=1024 count=2000000

璇誨?ヤ??2000000+0?涓???

杈??轟??2000000+0?涓???

锛?娉ㄦ??锛?if 琛ㄧず infile锛?of 琛ㄧずoutfile锛?bs=1024 琛ㄧず???ョ??姣?涓?????澶у?涓?024B=1KB(1024B瀛???=1024*8bit浣?)

?===========================================================================================

涓????ョ????寤虹????浠跺ぇ灏?????????瑕?姹?锛?

[[email?protected] tmp]# du -sh big_swap

2.0G????big_swap

[[email?protected] tmp]# ls -al big_swap

-rw-r--r--??1 root root 2048000000??6???18 11:55 big_swap

?===========================================================================================

????灏???????浠惰?劇疆涓?wap???烘??浠訛?

[[email?protected] tmp]# mkswap big_swap

Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 2047995 kB

?===========================================================================================

浜???婵?娲?wap锛?绔??沖???ㄤ氦?㈠???烘??浠訛?

[[email?protected] tmp]# swapon big_swap

?===========================================================================================

??????娆℃?ョ????瀛?????????瀛?锛????闆凡缁?琚?姝ｅ父淇??癸?

[[email?protected] tmp]# free -m

?????????????total???????used???????free?????shared????buffers?????cached

Mem:??????????1001????????984?????????16??????????0??????????2????????931

-/+ buffers/cache:?????????50????????950

Swap:?????????2462??????????0???????2462

?===========================================================================================

涓????ヨ??充嬌寮??烘?惰???????????淇??規??浠?etc/fstab涓???swap琛?锛?

[[email?protected] tmp]# vi /etc/fstab

# LABEL=SWAP-hda2?????????swap????????????????????swap????defaults????????0 0

??/tmp/big_swap???????????swap????????????????????swap????defaults????????0 0

?===========================================================================================

?

?

??锛?fstab??浠惰??В锛?

fstab涓?瀛??句?涓????烘???崇????瑕?淇℃??锛??朵腑姣?涓?琛?涓轟?涓????鴻?闆?锛?姣?涓?琛???????涓哄??涓??ㄤ喚锛?涓???互?/dev/hda7 / ext2 defaults 1 1?涓轟???涓?璇存??锛?

????1.?绗?涓?椤規???ㄦ?寵?mount???ㄥ??瑁?缃???瀹?浣?浣?缃?锛?濡?hdb??/dev/hda6??

????2.?绗?浜?椤瑰氨???ㄦ?寵?灏??跺???ヨ?沖??涓???褰?浣?缃?锛?濡?/home??/,杩??跺??灏辨???ㄥ??瑁??舵??绀虹?????ョ?廣??

????3.?绗?涓?椤瑰氨????璋???local filesystem锛??跺????浜?浠ヤ??煎?锛?濡?ext??ext2??msdos??iso9660??nfs??swap绛?锛???濡?ext2锛???浠ュ??瑙?/prco/filesystems璇存????

????4.?绗???椤瑰氨????ount?訛???瑕?璁懼?????舵??锛?濡?ro锛???璇夥???defaults锛?????浜??跺?????闆?rw??suid??exec??auto??nouser??async锛?锛???浠ュ??瑙???mount nfs????

????5.?绗?浜?椤規????渚?DUMP???斤??ㄧ郴缁?DUMP?舵??????瑕?BACKUP????蹇?浣?锛??跺??瀹??兼??0??璇ラ??椤矽?dump?戒護浣跨?ㄦ?ユ??ヤ?涓???浠剁郴缁?搴?璇ヤ互澶?蹇?棰???杩?琛?杞?????ヤ???瑕?杞??ㄥ氨璁劇疆璇ュ??娈典負0??

????6.?绗???椤規??璁懼??姝?ilesystem??????ㄥ??烘?跺??check???ㄤ?锛??や?root??filesystem?跺?瑕???check涓?涔?澶?锛??跺??????瑙???瑕?璁懼??锛???瀹??兼??0??璇ュ??娈佃?fsck?戒護?ㄦ?ュ?沖???ㄥ???ㄦ?堕??瑕?琚?????????浠剁郴缁???椤哄?锛??規??浠剁郴缁?/瀵瑰?璇ュ??娈電???煎?璇ヤ負1锛??朵???浠剁郴缁?搴?璇ヤ負2???ヨ?ユ??浠剁郴缁??????ㄥ???ㄦ?舵??????璁劇疆璇ュ??娈典負0??

绗???涓???椤瑰???幫?

ro?浠ュ??璇繪ā寮???杞借?ユ??浠剁郴缁??

sync?涓?瀵矽?ヨ?懼???????浣?杩?琛?缂??插???锛?杩???浠ラ?叉?㈠?ㄩ??姝ｅ父?蟲?烘?舵???典??村????浠剁郴缁?锛?浣????撮??浣?浜?璁＄???洪??搴β?

user???璁告?????ㄦ?峰??杞借?ユ??浠剁郴缁??

quota?寮哄?跺?ㄨ?ユ??浠剁郴缁?涓?杩?琛?纾???瀹?棰????堵?

noauto?涓???浣跨??ount?锛?a?戒護锛?渚?濡?绯葷????ㄦ?訛???杞借?ユ??浠剁郴缁??

noexec锛?涓???璁稿???ц???浠跺???ц?锛?浣???涓?涓?瑕????瑰???烘??涓?oexec锛??ｅ氨??娉?浣跨?ㄧ郴缁?浜?锛?杩?mount??戒護?芥??娉?浣跨?ㄤ?锛?杩??跺???????闆??绯葷?浜?锛?

nodev锛?涓???璁告??杞借?懼???浠訛?

nosuid,nosgid锛?涓???璁告??suid??sgid灞??э?

nouser锛?涓???璁告?????ㄦ?鋒??杞斤?

?

濡????沖??哄氨???ㄦ??杞?mount)涓?锛???浠ュ??etc/fstab涓?娣誨??濡?涓???琛?锛????蜂???浠ョ??ount??etc/rc.d/rc.local???????

/dev/hda5 /mnt/d vfat exec,dev,suid,rw,umask=0,iocharset=gb2312,codepage=936 0 0

/dev/hda6 /mnt/e vfat exec,dev,suid,rw,umask=0,iocharset=gb2312,codepage=936 0 0

/dev/hda7 /mnt/f vfat exec,dev,suid,rw,umask=0,iocharset=gb2312,codepage=936 0 0

/dev/hda8 /mnt/g vfat exec,dev,suid,rw,umask=0,iocharset=gb2312,codepage=936 0 0