模闆的特例化

1.函數模闆

template<typename T1,typename T2>
void fun(T1 a, T2 b)//定義了a,b兩個數
{
  cout << "這是一個函數模闆" << endl;
  cout << "a:" << a << endl;
  cout << "b:" << b << endl;
}
template<>
void fun(int a,string b)//fun函數的特例化
{
  cout << "這是一個函數模闆的特例化" << endl;
  cout << "a:" << a << endl;
  cout << "b:" << b << endl;
}
int main()
{
  string s = "張三";
  fun(2, 2);//調用了函數模闆
  fun(1,s);//調用了函數特例化模闆
}      

2.類模闆的特例化

template<typename T1, typename T2>
class student
{
public:
  student()
  {
    cout << "這是一個類模闆" << endl;
  }
  T1 a;
  T2 b;
};
template<typename T2>
class student<int, T2>
{
public:
  student(int a, T2 b) :a(a), b(b)
  {
    cout << "這是一個類模闆偏特化" << endl;
    cout << "a:" << a << endl;
    cout << "b:" << b << endl;
  }
  int a = 10;
  T2 b;
};
template<>
class student<int, string>
{
public:
  student(int c, string d):a(c),b(d)
  {
    cout << "這是一個類模闆全特化" << endl;
    cout << "a:" << a << endl;
    cout << "b:" << b << endl;
  }
  int a;
  string b;
};

int main()
{
  student<char,int>s;
  student<int,double> s2(1,2.56);
  student<int, string>s3(1, "李四");
  return 0;
}