英語冠詞用法系列講座(十一)不同冠詞表示類指的比較
不定冠詞、定冠詞以及零冠詞均可與可數名詞的一定形式相結合，表示該名詞所代表的類屬。
① 既可由個體代表類屬，又可表示整類，又可表示群體時，三種表示類指的方法可通用；“a[an]+單數可數名詞”為口語體，“the+單數可數名詞”為古語體，最不普通，“零冠詞+複數可數名詞”為口語體，最普通：
A steel worker makes steel.
The steel worker makes steel.
Steel workers make steel. 鋼鐵勞工生産鋼。
A horse is a useful animal.
The horse is a useful animal.
Horses are useful animals. 馬是有用的動物。
② 由于“a[an]+單數可數名詞”側重于指類别中任何一個的特點，主要起泛指作用，是以可以用any代替a[an]：
A[Any] square has four sides. 正方形有四條邊。
The best way to learn a[any] language is to live among its speakers. 學習語言的最好方法是生活在講這種語言的人中間。
③ 由于“a[an]+單數可數名詞”強調個體所代表的類屬，是以在為某一類屬下定義或說明該類屬的人或事物的性質、特征時，要用“a[an]+單數可數名詞”：
A triangle had three angles. 三角形有三個角。
A teacher is a person who teaches. 教師就是教書的人。
A dictionary is a book which gives the meanings of a word. 詞典是解釋詞義的書。
④ 由于“the+單數可數名詞”指的是整個類屬，是以如果明顯不是着眼于任何一個個體或群體所表達的情況，而是着眼于整體的概念，就要用“the+單數可數名詞”表類屬，常涉及“絕種”或“發明”等：
The tiger is in danger of becoming extinct. 虎有滅絕的危險。不能說A tiger is in danger of becoming extinct. 也不能說Any tiger is in danger of becoming extinct. 因為瀕臨滅絕的是整個虎類，而不是任何一隻虎都面臨滅絕的危險。微聯shengengjingdian奉獻更多精彩，英語冠詞經典，英語易混詞辨析。
The telephone was invented in 1876. 電話是1876年發明的。不能說A telephone was invented in 1876.
⑤ 由于“the+單數可數名詞”強調整體概念的類屬，是以這種表示類屬的方法常用于不同類屬的選擇或對比：
The pen is mightier than the sword. 筆比劍更有力。
The pine lives longer than the oak. 松樹比橡樹壽命長。
He refers to the teacher, not to the student. 他指的是老師，不是學生。
⑥ 由于零冠詞強調同一類中不同個體或不同種類、或指多數或群體而非任一個體或整類，是以當涉及同一類屬中的不同種類時，要用“零冠詞+複數可數名詞”：
Things develop. 事物是發展的(指各種事物)。
Flowers are sold there. 那裡在賣花(指各種花卉)。
What fruits are in season now? 現在是什麼水果上市(指各品種的水果)？
Soldiers wear uniforms. 士兵穿着制服(各兵種的士兵穿着各式各樣的制服)。
冠詞是英語中十分重要、意義色彩非常複雜的詞，它的使用率很高，是英語中最常用的詞。
傳統文法将冠詞分為不定冠詞和定冠詞兩類，現代英語将冠詞分為不定冠詞、定冠詞和零冠詞三類。
冠詞是一種本身不能獨立使用的虛詞，一般放在名詞前面，幫助說明這個名詞的含義。
冠詞的用法有其規律性，又有其習慣性。有時必須用不定冠詞，有時必須用定冠詞；有時既可用不定冠詞也可用定冠詞；有時不用或預設冠詞；有時用或不用冠詞，用不定冠詞或用定冠詞，意義上又差别很大。
為了更好地掌握和使用冠詞，我對冠詞的用法進行了深入細緻的學習和研究、歸納和總結，整理成冊，與廣大英語愛好者共同學習。需要者可互動聯系，方式文中找或評論留言。
《英語冠詞》共十章，前五章講基本知識，後五章講深入内容，努力解決現有文法書含糊不清的地方，幫助深層次了解冠詞的使用，解決冠詞使用和考試中出現的疑難問題。
這是一本論述英語冠詞的專著。講述了不定冠詞、定冠詞、零冠詞的用法以及冠詞的省略和後置，詳述了各類詞語使用冠詞的情形，闡述了泛指、類指、特指、獨指的語言現象以及不定冠詞與數詞one的差別和定冠詞與訓示限定詞的差別，解析了冠詞使用中常見的錯誤。特别适合中學生學習英語冠詞時使用，也可供英語愛好者以及專家學者遇到冠詞使用的疑難問題時查閱。
《英語冠詞》目 錄
第一章 不定冠詞的用法
第二章 定冠詞的用法
第三章 零冠詞的用法
第四章 冠詞的省略
第五章 冠詞的後置
第六章 各類詞語使用冠詞的情形
第七章 泛指、類指、特指、獨指
第八章 不定冠詞與數詞one的差別
第九章 定冠詞與訓示限定詞的差別
英語冠詞用法系列講座
英語冠詞用法系列講座（一）不定冠詞的用法
英語冠詞用法系列講座（二）定冠詞的用法
英語冠詞用法系列講座（三）零定冠詞的用法
英語冠詞用法系列講座（四）冠詞的省略
英語冠詞用法系列講座（五）冠詞的後置
英語冠詞用法系列講座（六）泛指
英語冠詞用法系列講座（七）類指
英語冠詞用法系列講座（八）特指
英語冠詞用法系列講座（九）獨指
英語冠詞用法系列講座（十）泛指、類指、特指的比較
英語冠詞用法系列講座（十一）不同冠詞表示類指的比較
英語冠詞用法系列講座（十二，……）陸續釋出
英語有很多容易混淆的詞語。在英漢詞典中有很多漢語釋義雷同或相近的英語詞彙，在很多情況下，由于語境、搭配、句型結構等不同，它們之間有的存在細微差異，有的存在很大差别；有些詞義相同或相近的詞彙在某些情況下可換用，但在另一些情況下卻不能換用；這在許多同義詞、近義詞中都有類似情況，很容易誤用和錯用。在英語詞彙中，有些單詞相貌非常相似，但詞義卻不同，很容易張冠李戴。如果不了解同義詞、近義詞、近形詞等易混詞語的差別，尤其是這類詞之間的細微差異和習慣用法，就掌握不到規範、道地的英語，在交際和寫作中常令人匪夷所思，甚至鬧出笑話，是以，熟悉和掌握易混詞語的差別和用法是非常重要的。
為此，我學習和研究英語易混詞20多年，辨析了560組常用的或疑難的易混詞，Word排版，大32開，1128頁，80萬字，150萬字元。為了與網友分享，又編輯了手機版。
以易混詞語組為主幹，列出一組易混詞語，說明這組易混詞語的共性和差別，逐詞闡釋詞義及用法，并配有例句及漢語譯文，以便系統地掌握一組易混詞語的共同點和差別。每組詞的解釋和說明力求簡明扼要、通俗易懂，且又盡量詳盡；針對解釋和說明，選擇例句規範、道地、實用，具有時代特色，容易學習模仿，努力做到層次清楚、主次分明，使人見樹又見林，知其然更能知其是以然。
例句涉及天文地理、自然科學、人文科學，學習英語易混詞的同時，增加多方面的知識，有些例句包含人生哲理，催人奮進。
《英語易混詞辨析》是我20多年對英語易混詞學習和研究的總結。每句話都經過反複考究、反複推敲，有時為考究一句話的正誤要花上幾天甚至幾十天，有的一組詞的考證總結就用了幾年功夫。
需要文檔中任何内容或者全部文檔者，互動聯系，我将分享文檔，互學共勉，方式文中找或評論留言。
我決心深耕不辍，打造經典，與萬千朋友共勉。非常歡迎廣大朋友提供寶貴意見，凡被采納的獨創性見解，我将一一表示感謝！
《英語易混詞辨析》目錄
1. a, an
2. a[an], one
3. a[an], the
4. abandon, desert, discard, forsake, give up
5. abide, bear, endure, stand, suffer, tolerate, put up with, brook
6. ability, capability, capacity, competence, faculty, genius, talent, power, skill, aptitude
7. able, capable, competent, adequate, qualified
8. abnormal, irregular, unusual, eccentric, unnatural, exceptional, subnormal, aberrant
9. aboard, board
10. abolish, abrogate, annul, countermand, repeal, rescind, revoke, cancel, call off, do away with
11. about, approximately, around, roughly
12. about, around, round
13. about, of, on
14. above, beyond, over, more than
15. above, over, on
16. abroad, overseas
17. absolute, complete, entire, perfect, utter, total, thorough, full
18. absorb, digest, assimilate, suck
19. abstract, attract, contract, distract, extract, protract, retract, subtract, tractor
20. abstract, digest, outline, summary, resume, synopsis, gist
21. absurd, ridiculous, preposterous, ludicrous
22. accelerate, quicken, speed
23. accent, dialect, tone, pronunciation, intonation
24. accept, receive
25. accessory, appendix, attachment, supplement, affiliation
26. accompany, company, see, attend, escort, convoy
27. accomplish, achieve, complete, finish, fulfil(l)
28. accomplishment, achievement, exploit, feat, success
29. accord, agree, coincide, conform, correspond, square, tally
30. accord, agreement, convention, treaty, pact, compact, bargain, contract, understanding
31. according to, in accordance with, in accord with
32. accordingly, consequently, hence, therefore, thus, so
33. accumulate, amass, assemble, collect, gather, congregate, hoard
34. accurate, exact, precise
35. accuse, charge, denounce, blame, condemn, scold, rebuke, reproach, censure, chide, reprove, upbraid, impeach
36. achieve, acquire, obtain, gain, get, attain, earn, derive, secure, win, procure
37. achieve, attain, arrive, reach, gain, get, come to
38. acknowledge, admit, concede, confess, own, recognise, recognize, allow, grant
39. acquaintance, friend, intimate, familiar, confidant, confidante
40. act, action, behave, behavio(u)r, conduct, deed, manner, activity, style
41. actor, actress, performer, player, cast
42. actual, authentic, genuine, positive, practical, real, true, virtual
43. acute, keen, sharp
44. acute, urgent, imperative, critical, crucial, pressing, emergency
45. add, increase, gain, augment, multiply, broaden, widen, lengthen, enlarge
46. add, plus
47. additional, extra, supplementary
48. address, deliver, discourse, lecture, speak, talk, speech, declaim, orate
49. address, greet, hail, salute, welcome
50. adhere, glue, stick, cling, cohere
51. adopt, foster
52. adorn, decorate, ornament, embellish, bedeck, garnish
53. adult, grown-up, mature, ripe, mellow
54. advance, forward, further, promote, expedite
55. advance, move on, proceed, progress, march
56. advanced, progressive, radical
57. advantage, benefit, profit, interest
58. adventure, venture, risk, hazard, chance
59. adverse, contrary, opposite, reverse, contradictory, converse, inverse
60. advice, proposal, proposition, recommendation, suggestion
61. advise, counsel, propose, recommend, suggest
62. advise, persuade, convince, counsel, recommend, urge, induce, coax
63. affair, business, concern, matter, thing
64. affect, effect
65. affect, influence, impress, impact, leverage
66. affection, emotion, feeling, passion, sentiment, sentimentality
67. affirm, allege, assert, claim, declare
68. afraid, fearful, dreadful, frightful, awful, awesome, horrible, horrid, horrific, terrible, terrific, frightened, frightening
69. after, behind
70. afterward(s), later
71. age, epoch, era, period, times, day, date
72. aged, elderly, old
73. ago, before
74. agony, anguish, misery, torment, torture, distress, grief, grieve, mourn, sadden, sadness, sorrow
75. agree, approve, consent, grant, subscribe, be for, accede, assent, concur
76. aid, assist, help
77. air, atmosphere, gas
78. alike, like, parallel, similar, same, identical, equal, comparable
79. alive, live, living
80. all, whole
81. alleviate, ease, lessen, lighten, relieve, abate, allay, assuage, mitigate, soothe, subside
82. allocate, assign, distribute, divide, allot, apportion
83. allow, permit
84. almost, nearly
85. alone, lonely, lone, lonesome, solitary, desolate, forlorn
86. aloud, loud, loudly
87. already, yet
88. also, as well, too, either
89. although, though
90. altogether, all together
91. always, forever, usually, often, frequently, repeatedly, sometimes, occasionally, seldom, hardly, rarely, never
92. among, between
93. amount, number
94. amplify, enlarge, expand, magnify
95. analogy, likeness, resemblance, similarity
96. ancient, antique, antiquity
97. anger, indignation, fury, rage, outrage, wrath
98. angle, corner, horn
99. animal, beast, creature, brute
100. announce, declare, proclaim, pronounce, publish
101. annoy, bother, disturb, interfere, interrupt, irritate, trouble
102. another, other
103. answer, reply, respond
104. anxiety, care, concern, worry
105. anxious, eager, keen, hungry, thirsty, longing, yearning
106. any, some
107. anyhow, anyway
108. anyone, any one
109. apparent, clear, distinct, evident, manifest, obvious, plain, noticeable, visible
110. appear, arise, emerge, loom, pop, come out
111. appear, look, seem
112. appoint, designate, name, nominate
113. appreciate, enjoy
114. appropriate, fit, fitting, proper, suitable
115. area, district, region, section, zone, belt, quarter, part, ward, neighbo(u)rhood, locality
116. argue, dispute, debate, quarrel, row, reason, squabble
117. arise, rise
118. arms, weapon, armament, weaponry
119. army, troops, force, military
120. article, composition, theme, essay, prose, paper, editorial, thesis, dissertation
121. artificial, synthetic, man-made, fake, false, sham
122. as, like, alike
123. as good as, as well as
124. ashamed, shameful, shameless
125. ask, question, inquire, examine, interrogate, query, demand
126. asleep, sleep, sleeping, sleepy
127. aspire, desire, dying, hunger, long, pine, starve, thirst, yearn, pant, crave
128. associate, colleague, companion, company, fellow, mate, partner, comrade
129. association, society, club, league, union, alliance, federation, fellowship, community
130. assure, ensure, insure, guarantee
131. at, in, on
132. attach, band, bandage, bind, bunch, bundle, chain, fasten, hitch, rope, secure, strap, tape, tie, wrap
133. attempt, try, endeavo(u)r
134. attend, join, participate, take part in, be[go] in for, enter
135. attract, draw, appeal, charm, tempt, lure, allure, entice
136. audience, spectator, listeners, viewers
137. author, writer
138. avenge, revenge, retaliate
139. avenue, street, road, lane, way, expressway, freeway, motorway, highway, highroad, pavement, sidewalk, pedestrian crossing, zebra crossing, pedestrian crosswalk, alley, drive, driveway, parkway, path, footpath, footway, pathway, trace, track, trail, route, course, line
140. avoid, dodge, escape, flee, run away, miss, duck, elude, evade, shun
141. await, wait
142. award, reward, prize, bonus
143. awkward, clumsy, ungainly
144. baby, child, boy, girl, infant, kid, lad, lass, babe, toddler
145. bachelor, master, doctor
146. bad, ill, evil, wicked
147. baffle, bewilder, confuse, embarrass, puzzle, perplex, confound, disconcert, mystify
148. bake, roast, toast, grill, broil, barbecue
149. balance, equilibrate, equilibrium, poise
150. bald, bare, barren, naked, nude, stark
151. ban, forbid, prohibit
152. bank, beach, coast, shore, seaside
153. banner, flag, standard, pennant
154. bar, barricade, barrier, block, roadblock, handicap, hindrance, hurdle, impediment, obstacle, obstruction
155. bar, barricade, block, roadblock, deter, forestall, hamper, handicap, hinder, impede, inhibit, interfere, interrupt, obstruct, prevent, stop, keep, hold
156. barbarous, bloody, brutal, cruel, ferocious, fierce, inhuman, merciless, pitiless, ruthless, savage, vicious
157. base, basis, foundation
158. basic, elemental, elementary, essential, fundamental, primary, rudimentary
159. bath, bathe
160. bay, bight, cove, creek, fiord, fjord, gulf, inlet
161 be about to do, be going to (do)
162. beam, blaze, glare, glow, ray, shine, light, lighten, illuminate, kindle
163. bear, bore, born, borne, birth
164. beat, defeat, win, victory, conquer, overcome, prevail, triumph, vanquish
165. beautiful, pretty, handsome, good-looking
166. because, as, since, for
167. because of, due to, owing to, on account of, thanks to
168. beckon, gesture, motion, sign, signal
169. begin, start
170. believe, trust
171. beloved, favo(u)rite, popular
172. below, under, beneath, underneath
173. beside, besides
174. besides, apart from, aside from, else than, other than
175. besiege, encircle, enclose, envelop, fence, picket, surround
176. better, improve
177. big, large, great
178. bite, gnaw, nibble, chew, peck, lick, devour, swallow
179. bite, gnaw, snap, savage, nibble, peck, sting
180. blank, margin, empty, bare, hollow, vacant, free, void, vacuum
181. blast, blow, burst, explode, dynamite, erupt
182. blemish, flaw, defect, shortcoming, weakness, fault
183. blend, compound, mixture, composite, alloy
184. blend, mix, combine, mingle, merge
185. blink, flare, flash, flicker, glance, gleam, glimmer, glint, glisten, glitter, shimmer, spark, sparkle, twinkle, wink
186. blink, wink, twinkle
187. blush, flush, glow, crimson, redden
188. board, commission, committee, council, jury
189. boat, canoe, craft, dinghy, ferry, raft, yacht, sail, ship, liner, cruiser, vessel, tanker, barge, tug, steamer, sub
190. bold, brave, courage, dare, heroic
191. border, boundary, frontier, barrier, division, limit
192. border, brim, rim, brink, edge, fringe, margin, verge
193. borrow, lend, loan, use
194. both, either, neither
195. bowl, cup, glass, plate, saucer, dish, dishes, spoon, chopsticks, knife, fork
196. branch, bough, limb, twig, spray, shoot
197. brand, make, trademark, label, tag
198. break, burst, chip, crack, crash, crush, fracture, grind, shatter, smash, snap, splinter, split
199. breed, foster, raise, rear, bring up
200. brief, short
201. bring, take, fetch, get
202. broad, wide
203. burden, load
204. business, commerce, trade, bargain, deal, traffic
205. businessman, dealer, merchant, trader, tradesman, retailer, wholesaler
206. button, knob, switch, control, dial, wheel
207. buy, purchase
208. calculate, compute, count, figure, number, reckon, work out
209. calm, quiet, silent, still, placid, restful, serene, tranquil
210. campaign, crusade, drive, movement, motion
211. can, could, be able to
212. can, could, may, might
213. can, could, may, might, must
214. cane, staff, stick
215. cap, hat
216. careful, cautious, discreet, guarded, prudent, prudential, alert, vigilant, wary, watchful
217. carry, bear, hump, tote, haul, lug, cart, run, raft, fly, ship, convey, deliver, ferry, shuttle, hurry, transport
218. case, circumstance, condition, situation, state, status
219. catastrophe, calamity, disaster, plague, tragedy
220. catch, clutch, grasp, grip, seize, capture, clasp, grab, snatch, arrest, trap
221. cause, reason
222. caution, warn, forewarn, admonish
223. celebrate, congratulate, compliment
224. centre, core, focus, heart, hub, nucleus, middle
225. certain, sure
226. chance, occasion, opportunity, break
227. change, alter, convert, vary, transform, turn, adapt, modify, adjust, accommodate
228. channel, strait
229. character, individuality, personality, nature
230. charter, hire, lease, let, rent, tenant
231. chase, catch, pursue, hunt, be[run, go, get, seek] after
232. check, examine, inspect, test, verify, go over, go through, look over, look through
233. chief, main, major, primary, prime, principal, capital, central, key, leading
234. choice, pick, alternative, option, election, selection, vote, preference
235. choose, pick, select, prefer, elect, vote, opt
236. circle, circuit, encircle, orbit, revolve, rotate, swivel, wheel, crank, pivot, spin, whirl, twirl, twist, swirl, turn, roll, round
237. cite, quote
238. class, course, lesson
239. clay, earth, ground, mud, soil, land
240. clever, wise, smart, bright, brilliant, gifted, ingenious, intellectual, intelligent, sagacious, shrewd, apt, cute
241. climate, weather
242. climb, crawl, creep, ascend, mount, scale, scramble
243. close, conclude, end, finish, terminate
244. close, shut
245. clothe, dress, wear, put on, have on, be in
246. clothes, clothing, coat, dress, suit
247. coarse, crude, rude, rough, harsh, vulgar
248. cold, bleak, chill, chilly, cool, warm, warmth, heat, hot
249. column, file, queue, rank, row, line, range, procession
250. come, go
251. comfort, console, relieve, solace, soothe, appease, placate, pacify
252. comfort, ease
253. command, direct, instruct, order, bid, dictate
254. common, general, universal, normal, ordinary, usual, average, commonplace
255. compare, contrast
256. compel, constrain, enforce, force, impel, impose, oblige
257. complex, complicated, intricate, involved
258. component, constituent, element, ingredient
259. compose, comprise, consist of, constitute, form, make
260. comprehensible, comprehensive
261. concentrate, focus
262. concept, conception, notion, idea, outlook, opinion, thinking, thought, judgement, view, viewpoint
263. concern, concerned, concerning
264. conduct, direct, guide, lead, navigate, pilot, steer, usher
265. confine, limit, restrict
266. connect, join, joint, link, combine, couple, associate, unite, unify
267. consequence, effect, result, outcome, upshot, finding, fruit
268. consequence, importance, significance, value, magnitude
269. consign, despatch, dispatch, express, forward, freight, mail, email, post, send
270. conspire, plot, scheme
271. contain, include, involve, comprise, cover, embrace
272. content, fulfil(l), gratify, meet, please, satisfy
273. continual, continuous, consecutive, successive, constant, persistent, perpetual straight, ceaseless, incessant, nonstop, uninterrupted
274. continually, continuously
275. continuance, continuation, continuity
276. continue, carry, go on, move on, proceed, resume, persist, endure, hold, keep, last
277. continue, keep, lie, remain, rest, sit, stand, stay, hold, last
278. contribute, dedicate, devote, donate
279. cook, cooker
280. cope, deal, dispose, handle, manage, treat
281. cordial, earnest, genuine, hearty, sincere
282. corridor, passage, aisle, hall, porch, veranda(h), gallery, catwalk, walkway
283. cost, expend, spend, take
284. costly, dear, expensive
285. country, countryside, village
286. country, nation, state
287. couple, pair
288. crazy, frantic, insane, mad, nuts
289. create, invent, discover, find
290. crime, evil, guilt, offence, offense, sin, vice, violation, misdeed, wrongdoing
291. criminal, evil, guilty, sinful, wicked
292. crop, harvest, reap, yield
293. cross, across, over
294. crowd, throng, squash, lot, mob, rabble, horde, band, parcel, gang, drove, flock, herd, pack, school, shoal, swarm, company, party, group, colony, multitude, cloud, host, troop, cluster, crop, crush, wave
295. cry, wail, blubber, bawl, howl, weep, snivel, sob, whimper, whine, tear
296. cure, heal, mend, remedy, treat, doctor, medicate
297. custom, habit, manner, convention, practice, tradition, use, usage, way
298. customary, accustomed, conventional, habitual, traditional, usual, used
299. customer, client, patron, guest, passenger, consumer, buyer, purchaser, shopper
300. damage, harm, hurt, impair, injure, wound, disable, cripple, paralys[z]e, mar, spoil, bruise, burn, cut, scratch, maim, pull, tear, strain, sprain, twist, wrench
301. damp, dank, humid, moist, muggy, wet
302. danger, hazard, peril, risk
303. dangerous, hazardous, perilous, precarious, risky, unsafe
304. dark, black, dim, dusky, gloomy, obscure
305. deceive, cheat, trick, defraud, swindle, fool, con, fleece, impose
306. decide, determine, resolve, settle, make up one’s mind
307. decline, decrease, diminish, dwindle, lessen, reduce
308. decline, descend, fall, drip, drop, sink, subside, degrade, fail
309. deep, deeply
310. deep, profound
311. defend, guard, preserve, protect, safeguard, ensure, secure, shield
312. defer, delay, postpone, prolong, protract, put off, retard, suspend
313. delicate, faint, feeble, fragile, frail, impotent, infirm, limp, soft, weak
314. depend, rely, bank, count, reckon, rest, trust
315. deprive, dispossess, divest, rob, strip
316. deride, gibe, jibe, jeer, laugh at, mock, rag, ridicule, scoff, scorn, sneer, taunt, tease
317. desirable, desirous
318. desk, table
319. despite, in spite of, notwithstanding, for all, with all
320. destroy, damage, demolish, devastate, raze, ruin, wreck
321. die, death, dead, deadly, deathly, dying
322. die, drown, execute, hang, kill, poison, strangle, starve
323. die, expire, pass, perish, decease
324. differ, disagree, disapprove, dissent, divide, object, oppose
325. different, various, diverse, distinct, distinctive
326. differentiate, discriminate, distinguish, tell
327. difficult, hard
328. digit, figure, number, numeral
329. disability, inability
330. disable, enable, unable
331. disappear, fade, vanish, merge, lift, swallow
332. disclose, expose, reveal, uncover
333. disease, illness, sickness, complaint, disorder, trouble, ailment, malady, malaise
334. dispatch, hasten, hurry, rush
335. dispel, disperse, dissipate, scatter
336. display, exhibit, expose, show
337. disposition, temper, temperament
338. distant, far, remote
339. divide, divorce, part, insulate, isolate, segregate, separate
340. do, make
341. doctor, physician, surgeon, dentist, psychiatrist, resident, practitioner, GP
342. door, gate, exit, gateway
343. doubt, suspect, question, distrust, mistrust
344. drag, draw, haul, jerk, lug, pull, stretch, tow, tug, trail
345. dread, fear, fright, horror, panic, scare, startle, terror, alarm
346. drift, float
347. drill, exercise, practice, train
348. drink, have, gulp, lick, sip, slurp, suck, swallow
349. drive, ride, fly, sail, motor
350. duty, obligation, responsibility, liability
351. each, every
352. each other, one another
353. earnest, grave, serious, sober, solemn
354. eat, dine, have, take, help yourself
355. economic, economical, economically, economics, economy, financial, financially, finance, fiscal
356. educate, instruct, teach, school, train, coach, tutor
357. effective, effectual, efficacious, efficient
358. effort, endeavo(u)r, exert, pains, struggle, strain, strive, take … trouble
359. elder, eldest; older, oldest
360. electric, electrical, electronic
361. elegant, graceful
362. elongate, extend, lengthen, stretch, prolong, protract
363. else, other
364. embrace, hug, clasp, cradle, press, squeeze, cuddle, clinch
365. emphasis[z]e, stress, underline, underscore, accent, accentuate, highlight
366. employ, engage, hire
367. encounter, meet
enough, sufficient, adequate, 368. ample, plentiful
369. environment, surroundings, circumstance, conditions
370. especially, particularly, specially
371. esteem, hono(u)r, regard, respect, revere, reverence, adore, worship, admire, homage
372. event, accident, incident, occurrence, casualty, mishap, happening
373. eventual, eventually; final, finale, finally; last, lastly, at last; ultimate, ultimately; at length, in the end
374. everybody, everyone, every one
375. examination, quiz, test, final, oral, makeup
376. example, instance, case, illustration
377. example, model, pattern
378. exceed, excel, surpass, transcend, outdo, outstrip
379. except, but, excluding, bar, beyond, outside, save, unless, short of, next to, no counting, otherwise
380. excuse, forgive, pardon, overlook
381. exhausted, exhausting, exhaustive
382. exist, live, survive
383. expand, swell, dilate, distend, inflate
384. expert, specialist, authority, guru, pundit
385. extend, spread, stretch
386. exterior, external, outer, outside, outward
387. fade, wilt, wither
388. fair, fairly
389. fairly, quite, rather, pretty, very
390. fame, glory, hono(u)r, name, prestige, renown, reputation, repute, stature
391. family, home, house, household
392. farther, further; farthest, furthest
393. fast, quick, rapid, swift, prompt, speedy, express, hasty
394. fee, charge, cost, expense, fare, freight, toll, tip, expenditure
395. few, a few, little, a little
396. fighter, soldier, warrior
397. film, movie, picture, cinema
398. find, look, search, seek, hunt, comb, rake, rummage
399. fine, good, nice, well
400. fire, burn, blaze, flame, flare, light, ignite, kindle
401. fit, suit, match
402. fittings, fixture, furniture
403. flesh, meat
404. flower, bloom, blossom
405. fluid, liquid, gas, solid
406. fog, mist, haze, smog
407. follow, trace, track, trail, tail, shadow, stalk
408. foolish, silly, stupid, dull, fatuous
409. force, power, strength, energy, might, vigour
410. forceful, forcible
411. forecast, foresee, foresight, foretell, forewarn, predict, prophecy, prophesy
412. foregoing, former, preceding, previous, prior
413. forest, jungle, bushes, shrubbery, wood(s), grove
414. forget, leave
415. form, shape, figure, outline, profile
416. game, match, race, quiz, final, rival, compete, contend, contest, dispute, scramble
417. gift, present
418. give, accord, award, confer, grant, present, entitle, bestow, vouchsafe
419. glad, happy, pleasant, nice, cheerful, agreeable, delightful, jolly, joyful, joyous, merry, gay
420. good-bye, bye, bye-bye, so long, farewell
421. grand, magnificent, splendid, superb, glorious, gorgeous, spectacular, imposing, majestic, sublime
422. grow, plant, cultivate, crop, seed, sow
423. happen, occur, chance, break out, take place, befall
424. harbo(u)r, port, seaport, dock, pier, jetty, quay, wharf
425. hard, harsh, rigid, rigorous, severe, stern, strict
426. hardly, scarcely, barely
427. heading, headline, title, theme, subject, topic
428. heap, pile, stack, mass, bank
429. hear, listen
430. height, altitude, elevation, stature
431. hide, conceal, bury, cache, cloak, cover, disguise, harbo(u)r, mask, screen, shelter, suppress, veil
432. high, tall, lofty
433. hint, imply, indicate, intimate, suggest, allude, insinuate
434. holiday, vacation, leave, festival, furlough
435. hope, want, wish
436. hunger, hungry, starve, starvation, famine, famish
437. identify, recognise, recognize, make out, pick out, place, know, spot, tell
438. idle, lazy, indolent
439. ill, sick
440. imaginable, imaginary, imaginative
441. important, significant, vital, momentous
442. in addition to, as well as, on top of, over and above, among other things, more than, along with
443. income, pay, salary, wage
444. individual, personal, private, intimate, privy
445. information, info, intelligence, message, news, tidings, word
446. insist, persevere, persist, adhere, cling, assert, stay, maintain, hang, hold, keep, stick, endure
447. intend, mean, plan, be going to, be thinking of
448. invaluable, priceless, precious, valuable, valued
449. investigate, enquire, inquire, probe, survey
450. jest, joke, banter, kid, tease, quip
451. job, task, duty, chore, labour, toil, work
452. jump, leap, bound, bounce, hop, skip, spring, clear, gambol, hurdle, vault
453. kind, sort, type, category, class, classification, breed, species, variety
454. lack, absent, absence, deficient, deficiency, scarce, scarcity, short, shortage, want, need
455. landscape, outlook, panorama, perspective, prospect, scene, scenery, sight, spectacle, view
456. late, later, latter, latest, last, lately, latterly, lastly
457. lately, recently, not long ago, soon
458. laugh, chortle, guffaw, roar, mirth, chuckle, giggle, simper, smirk, snicker, snigger, titter, grin, beam, smile
459. lawsuit, suit, proceed, action, case, cause, litigate, sue, prosecute, indict, appeal
460. lay, lie
461. lay, place, put, set
462. learn, study
463. lie, falsehood, fib, story
464. lift, raise, elevate, hoist, heave
465. list, schedule, timetable, table, form
466. little, small
467. locality, location, place, position, site, situation, spot, scene
468. look, see, watch
469. love, lover, lovely, loving, lovable
470. luck, chance, break, lot, fortune, fate, destiny, doom
471. machine, machinery
472. many, a (large[good, great]) number of, a (great, large) multitude (of), a good few (of)
473. map, atlas, chart, plot, design, blueprint, draft, sketch, plan, diagram, graph, illustration, figure, artwork
474. mark, tick, check, sign, symbol, character, brand
475. material, matter, substance, stuff
476. medicine, drug, specific, remedy, cure
477. meeting, conference, convention, assembly, rally, congress, council, session, summit, gathering, caucus
478. memoris[z]e, recall, recollect, remember, remind
479. mend, patch, repair, fix
480. method, means, way, manner, approach, process, mode, system, fashion
481. mighty, powerful
482. migrate, migrant, migration; emigrate, emigrant, emigration; immigrate, immigrant, immigration
483. mission, task, assignment
484. mistake, blunder, fault, error, slip, wrong
485. moment, instant, minute, second, flash
486. more, most, a lot (of), a large[good, great, huge, vast] quantity (of), plenty (of), a (great, huge) mass of
487. move, remove, shift, transfer
488. much, a large[great, huge] amount of, a good[great] deal (of), a fair[good, nice] bit (of)
489. much, very
490. name, title
491. neighbo(u)rhood, vicinity, proximity
492. nervous, tense, stressful
493. no, not
494. object, objective, purpose, aim, end, goal, target
495. offer, proffer, provide, supply, afford, accommodate, equip, furnish, tender, volunteer
496. only, sole, single, unique
497. origin, root, source, spring, beginning, birth, cause
498. ought to, should
499. pain, ache
500. pass, past
501. peak, summit, top, climax, zenith
502. percent, per cent, percentage
503. phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
504. picture, painting, drawing, outline, sketch, portrait, landscape, caricature, cartoon
505. plan, design, blueprint, program(me), project
506. poem, poetry, verse, stanza, epic, lyric, doggerel, jingle
507. possible, likely, probable
508. possibly, perhaps, maybe, likely, probably
509. press, compress, depress, express, impress, oppress, repress, suppress
510. price, charge, cost
511. problem, question
512. proportion, rate, ratio, scale
513. quality, quantity, mass, weight
514. quiver, shiver, tremble, thrill, vibrate, shake, shudder, convulse, quake, quaver, tremor
515. rare, scarce, at a premium
516. react, reaction; respond, response
517. refuse, reject, decline, deny, repel, repulse, rebuff
518. relate, relation, relationship, relative, relativity
519. rescue, save, deliver, redeem
520. respectable, respected, respectful
521. respecting, respective
522. responsible, responsive
523. school, university, college, academy, institute
524. seat, sit
525. sensible, sensitive
526. shall, should, will, would
527. shout, bawl, cry, call, exclaim, holler, yell, scream, shriek, screech, squall, squeal, squeak, wail, bark, bay, growl, howl, snarl, whine, yap, yelp, yip, bellow, roar, thunder
528. slow, slowly
529. smell, taste, odo(u)r, fragrance, perfume, scent, incense, stink, whiff, aroma, flavo(u)r, savo(u)r, tang
530. some time, some times, sometime, sometimes
531. sound, noise, voice
532. soundless, noiseless, voiceless
533. speed, velocity, rate, pace, tempo, gallop
534. stop, cease, halt, pause, quit
535. storm, tempest, hurricane, typhoon, gale, cyclone, tornado, waterspout, twister, whirlwind, blizzard
536. story, legend, tale, romance, narrative, narration, anecdote, fable, folklore, myth, fiction, novel, saga
537. surprise, wonder
538. symbol, attribute, badge, token, emblem
539. technical, technological
540. technique, technology
541. thank, appreciate, oblige
542. thin, lean, slender, slight, slim, spare, lanky, gaunt, scrawny, bony, skinny
543. think, believe, consider, count, deem, reckon, regard
544. throw, cast, heave, fling, hurl, pitch, toss
545. till, until
546. tired, tiring, tiresome
547. tired, weary, fatigued, exhausted
548. traffic, transport, transportation, conveyance, vehicle
549. transmit, carry, convey, conduct
550. travel, journey, tour, trip, voyage, cruise, excursion, jaunt, junket
551. used to, would; be used to, be accustomed to
552. valuable, invaluable; precious, priceless
553. value, worth
554. variable, varied, various, variance, variant, variation, variety
555. visit, call, drop, see, look, come, stop
556. wake, waken, awake, awaken, arouse, rouse
557. walk, pace, step, stride, stroll, strut, plod
558. war, campaign, battle, combat, conflict, fight, warfare
559. -ward, -wards
560. worth, worthwhile, worthy, deserve, merit