計算機組成原理：用c++實作漢明碼

今天學習計組時，學習到了一個新知識海明碼，一般用于網絡傳輸中對資料進行校驗，如果出差，可以通過海明碼這個算法實作查找一個出錯位，通過取反的方式糾錯，實作原理是在資訊位中加入校驗位，組成新的二進制串，形成海明碼。

#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <vector>

/*漢明碼的生産和檢測一位錯誤*/
class HanmingCode {
 public:
  /*構造函數*/
  HanmingCode(std::string& _inforcode) {
    this->inforlen = _inforcode.size();
    for (auto& now : _inforcode) {
      this->inforcode.push_back(now - '0');
    }
  }

  /*生成校驗位長度*/
  void Generateveriflen() {
    for (int i = 0;; i++) {
      if ((1 << i) - 1 >= inforlen + i) {
        this->veriflen = i;
        return;
      }
    }
  }

  /*生成漢明碼長度*/
  void Generatehanmlen() {
    Generateveriflen();
    this->hanmlen = this->inforlen + this->veriflen;
    return;
  }

  /*生成校驗碼*/
  void Generateverifcode() {
    for (int i = 0; i < this->veriflen; i++) {
      this->verifcode.push_back(0);
    }

    int k = 0, m = 0;

    /*收集非校驗位*/
    for (int i = 1; i <= this->hanmlen; i++) {
      if (i == (1 << k)) {
        k++;
      } else {
        int tmp = i, ks = this->veriflen - 1;
        while (tmp) {
          if (tmp >= (1 << ks)) {
            tmp -= (1 << ks);
            verifcode[ks] ^= inforcode[m];
          }
          ks--;
        }
        m++;
      }
    }
  }

  /*生成海明碼*/
  void Generatehanmcode() {
    this->Generatehanmlen();
    this->Generateverifcode();
    for (int i = 1, j = 0, k = 0, s = 0; i <= hanmlen; i++) {
      if (((1 << s)) == i) {
        hanmcode.push_back(verifcode[j++]);
        s++;
      } else {
        hanmcode.push_back(inforcode[k++]);
      }
    }
    for (auto& x : hanmcode) {
      std::cout << x;
    }
    std::cout << std::endl;
  }

 private:
  int inforlen;               /*資訊碼長度*/
  int veriflen;               /*校驗碼長度*/
  int hanmlen;                /*漢明碼長度*/
  std::vector<int> hanmcode;  /*漢明碼*/
  std::vector<int> inforcode; /*資訊碼*/
  std::vector<int> verifcode; /*校驗碼*/
};

int main() {
  /*[1][2][3][4]....按照從做往右大小遞增順序編寫，最後生成的漢明碼是從左往右順序的答案*/
  std::string ans = "1010";
  HanmingCode test(ans);
  test.Generatehanmcode();
  return 0;
}