摘要:SuSE11sp3 64位作業系統、 MySQL5.7.22 rpm安裝包
5.7版本與先前版本安裝有所差別,需要注意
注:kingtry是我的主機名
一、環境準備
作業系統:SuSE版本11sp3,64位kingtry:~ # uname -a
Linux kingtry 3.0.76-0.11-default #1 SMP Fri Jun 14 08:21:43 UTC 2013 (ccab990) x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
kingtry:~ # cat /etc/SuSE-release
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 (x86_64)
VERSION = 11
PATCHLEVEL = 3
二、檢測是否安裝過MySQL
我的電腦上顯示以前安裝過5.1.73版本的mysql,這個顯示資訊與實際情況相關。kingtry:~ # rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
libmysqlclient_r15-5.0.96-0.6.1
libqt4-sql-mysql-4.6.3-5.25.4
MySQL-client-community-5.1.73-1.sles11
MySQL-server-community-5.1.73-1.sles11
注意輸出的MySQL-*,表示已經安裝過。lib開頭的可以忽略。
輸入以下指令删除:kingtry:~ #rpm -e MySQL-client-community-5.1.73-1.sles11
kingtry:~ #rpm -e MySQL-server-community-5.1.73-1.sles11
三、軟體準備mysql-community-common-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
四、安裝軟體
注:4個rpm安裝包,有依賴關系,按照以下順序分别安裝即可。kingtry:~ # rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
kingtry:~ # rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
kingtry:~ # rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
kingtry:~ # rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.22-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
如果想查詢rpm包詳細的安裝檔案清單及每個檔案的實際存儲路徑,可通過指令rpm -ql來查詢,如:kingtry:~ # rpm -ql mysql-community-client-5.7.22-1.sles11
/usr/bin/mysql
/usr/bin/mysql_config_editor
/usr/bin/mysqladmin
/usr/bin/mysqlbinlog
/usr/bin/mysqlcheck
/usr/bin/mysqldump
/usr/bin/mysqlimport
/usr/bin/mysqlpump
/usr/bin/mysqlshow
/usr/bin/mysqlslap
/usr/share/doc/packages/mysql-community-client
/usr/share/doc/packages/mysql-community-client/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/packages/mysql-community-client/README
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql_config_editor.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqladmin.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlbinlog.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlcheck.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqldump.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlimport.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlpump.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlshow.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/mysqlslap.1.gz
五、修改配置檔案/etc/my.cnf
軟體安裝之後自動生成/etc/my.cnf檔案,實際生成檔案内容比較簡單,下面是我修改之後的
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
[client]
#password = your_password
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8
# Here follows entries for some specific programs
# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port = 3306
datadir = /data/mysql/data
tmpdir = /data/mysql/tmp
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
character-set-server = utf8
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
pid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid
user = mysql
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
lower_case_table_names = 1
max_connections = 1000
back_log = 1024
open_files_limit = 10240
table_open_cache = 5120
#bind-address = 127.0.0.1
#skip-name-resolve
skip-external-locking
local-infile = 1
key_buffer_size = 32M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
#
#skip-networking
# Replication Master Server (default)
# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin = /data/mysql/mysql-bin
# binary logging format - mixed recommended
binlog_format = mixed
# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
# but will not function as a master if omitted
server-id = 1
# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)
#
# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between
# two methods :
#
# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -
# the syntax is:
#
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=, MASTER_PORT=,
# MASTER_USER=, MASTER_PASSWORD= ;
#
# where you replace , , by quoted strings and
# by the master's port number (3306 by default).
#
# Example:
#
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,
# MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';
#
# OR
#
# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then
# start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example
# if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to
# connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later
# change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and
# overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown
# the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.
# For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched
# (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)
#
# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1
# (and different from the master)
# defaults to 2 if master-host is set
# but will not function as a slave if omitted
#server-id = 2
#
# The replication master for this slave - required
#master-host =
#
# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting
# to the master - required
#master-user =
#
# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to
# the master - required
#master-password =
#
# The port the master is listening on.
# optional - defaults to 3306
#master-port =
#
# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended
#log-bin=mysql-bin
# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
#innodb_data_home_dir = /var/lib/mysql
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /var/lib/mysql
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
#innodb_log_file_size = 5M
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 2
innodb_read_io_threads = 8
innodb_write_io_threads = 8
innodb_purge_threads = 1
slow_query_log = 1
long_query_time = 10
log-queries-not-using-indexes
log-error = /data/mysql/mysql.err
expire-logs-days = 10
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 512M
net_buffer_length = 16384
[mysql]
auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
六、初始化資料庫
注:5.7版本的rpm包安裝之後預設不再建立資料庫,mysql服務也不會自動啟動。但是它還是自動增加了系統使用者mysql。kingtry:~ # mkdir -p /data/mysql/{data,tmp} #建立存放資料檔案目錄,data與tmp之間不能為空格
kingtry:~ # chown -R mysql /data/mysql
kingtry:~ # mysqld --initialize --datadir=/data/mysql/data/ --user=mysql #初始化
初始化成功之後,會将root的預設密碼寫入檔案:/data/mysql/mysql.err 中,如下:A temporary password is generated for [email protected]: _tVUgaq%P25Q #這就是root的預設密碼
七、啟動mysql服務即可kingtry:~ # service mysql start done
Starting MySQL. done
kingtry:~ #
檢查MySQL服務是否已經啟動:kingtry:~ # netstat -nat | grep 3306
八、安裝後配置之root密碼修改
root初始密碼自動生成,預設存放在/data/mysql/mysql.err 中。修改root密碼的方式有以下兩種,随便哪個都行:
1、指令方式kingtry:~ # mysqladmin -u root -p password 'root123'
Enter password:
2、修改庫表資料方式
先登陸mysql伺服器mysql> set password=password('root123')
九、防火牆允許3306端口kingtry:~ # vi /etc/sysconfig/SuSEfirewall2
在FW_SERVICES_EXT_TCP增加3306端口,如果存在其他端口,則空格隔開,如:
FW_SERVICES_EXT_TCP="21 22 3306"
重新開機防火牆:# rcSuSEfirewall2 restart
十、設定遠端通路
先登陸mysql伺服器,授權root使用者可以遠端登陸mysql> grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to [email protected]'%' identified by 'root123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
注:生産環境最好隻允許root在特定IP的機器上才能遠端通路。
關于RPM安裝方式說明:
顯面易見的是簡單;
但缺點也比較突出:不靈活,通過RPM管理的單個系統中隻能安裝一套MySQL