(轉)centos7安裝mysql5.6

原文連接配接 https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38281964/article/details/82016431

1、由于線上安裝受制于網絡環境，是以選擇tar包編譯安裝。

首先去mysql鏡像站下載下傳mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

2、上傳到centos

3、檢查你所用的Linux下有沒有安裝過mysql，沒有解除安裝幹淨

rpm -qa|grep -i mysql

如果存在，則需要先解除安裝掉，不然會出現覆寫錯誤。

yum remove mysql mysql-server mysql-libs mysql-server;

find / -name mysql 将找到的相關東西delete掉；

rpm -qa|grep mysql(查詢出來的東東yum remove掉)

4、建立mysql的使用者組/使用者, data目錄及其使用者目錄

userdel mysql # 删除使用者

groupdel mysql # 删除使用者組名

mkdir /usr/local/mysql # mysql的預設安裝路徑，建議不要更換，如果更換後續需要更新配置

mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data # 在mysql檔案夾下建立檔案夾data

groupadd mysql # 建立一個名為mysql的使用者組

useradd -g mysql -d /usr/local/mysql mysql # 在使用者組下建立使用者

5、解壓縮并轉移

# tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz # 解壓檔案

# cd mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 # 進入

# mv * /usr/local/mysql/

6、編譯安裝

cd /usr/local/mysql/

./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize

https://static.oschina.net/uploads/space/2017/0412/113503_nmXK_196698.png

記錄上面成功安裝後的密碼，如上：hIE;k,h8gd#q，後續用到！

7、啟動mysql服務

./support-files/mysql.server start

https://static.oschina.net/uploads/space/2017/0412/113755_557o_196698.png

截至目前，證明mysql已運作成功！！！

8、配置mysql

cd /usr/local/mysql//support-files

# 拷貝配置檔案模闆為新的mysql配置檔案,

cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

#設定編碼，可按需修改新的配置檔案選項，不修改配置選項， mysql則按預設配置參數運作.

#如下是我修改配置檔案/etc/my.cnf，設定編碼為utf8以防亂碼

vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data

character_set_server=utf8

init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

[client]

default-character-set=utf8

此處需要注釋掉##sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

否則後續登陸時會報異常：

mysql: [ERROR] unknown variable 'sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES'

9、配置mysql服務開機自動啟動

# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld # 拷貝啟動檔案到/etc/init.d/下并重指令為mysqld

# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld # 增加執行權限

# chkconfig --list mysqld # 檢查自啟動項清單中沒有mysqld這個，

# chkconfig --add mysqld # 如果沒有就添加mysqld：

# chkconfig mysqld on # 用這個指令設定開機啟動：

10、mysql服務的啟動/重新開機/停止

# service mysqld start # 啟動服務

# service mysqld restart # 重新開機服務

# service mysqld stop # 停止服務

11、修改mysql使用者root的密碼

mysql -u root -p

輸入上邊自動生成的密碼，進入mysql環境

Mysql -u root -p

-bash : mysql :command not found

原因:這是由于系統預設會查找/usr/bin下的指令，如果這個指令不在這個目錄下，當然會找不到指令，我們需要做的就是映射一個連結到/usr/bin目錄下，相當于建立一個連結檔案。

首先得知道mysql指令完整路徑，比如我的Linux的mysql的路徑是：/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql，我們則可以這樣執行指令：

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot這樣執行指令，或者建立一個軟連結

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql

再次嘗試就可以進入了

https://static.oschina.net/uploads/space/2017/0412/150832_n8PT_196698.png

mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456'); # PASSWORD()裡面的123456 是設定的新密碼，可以設定成你的密碼

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 2 Changed: 0 Warnings: 1

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 2 Changed: 0 Warnings: 1

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 2 Changed: 0 Warnings: 1

12、更改一些編碼

mysql> use mysql

Reading table information for completion of table and column names

You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

mysql> \s

--------------

mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.17, for linux-glibc2.5 (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper

Connection id: 5

Current database: mysql

Current user: [email protected]

SSL: Not in use

Current pager: stdout

Using outfile: ''

Using delimiter: ;

Server version: 5.7.17

Protocol version: 10

Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket

Server characterset: utf8

Db characterset: latin1

Client characterset: utf8

Conn. characterset: utf8

UNIX socket: /tmp/mysql.sock

Uptime: 5 min 8 sec

Threads: 1 Questions: 44 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 136 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 129 Queries per second avg: 0.142

--------------

mysql> show variables like 'character%';

+--------------------------+----------------------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+--------------------------+----------------------------------+

| character_set_client | utf8 |

| character_set_connection | utf8 |

| character_set_database | latin1 |

| character_set_filesystem | binary |

| character_set_results | utf8 |

| character_set_server | utf8 |

| character_set_system | utf8 |

| character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------------+

8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> SET character_set_database = utf8;

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> show variables like 'character%';

+--------------------------+----------------------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+--------------------------+----------------------------------+

| character_set_client | utf8 |

| character_set_connection | utf8 |

| character_set_database | utf8 |

| character_set_filesystem | binary |

| character_set_results | utf8 |

| character_set_server | utf8 |

| character_set_system | utf8 |

| character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------------+

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> \s

--------------

mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.17, for linux-glibc2.5 (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper

Connection id: 5

Current database: mysql

Current user: [email protected]

SSL: Not in use

Current pager: stdout

Using outfile: ''

Using delimiter: ;

Server version: 5.7.17

Protocol version: 10

Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket

Server characterset: utf8

Db characterset: utf8

Client characterset: utf8

Conn. characterset: utf8

UNIX socket: /tmp/mysql.sock

Uptime: 6 min 20 sec

Threads: 1 Questions: 50 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 137 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 130 Queries per second avg: 0.131

--------------

13、mysql遠端授權

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

14、驗證，可能需要關閉防火牆

Service iptables stop

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原文連結：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38281964/article/details/82016431

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