學習ARM有一段時間了，現在做一個記錄裸機程式，再網上看到了趙老師講2440裸機程式的部落格，寫的很好，建議和我一樣的初學者能好好的學習一下趙老師的部落格，網址：http://blog.csdn.net/zhaocj/article/details/6118860，真心不錯！給趙老師做一下廣告，哈哈 ^_^
1 2440啟動檔案分析
由于啟動檔案無法仿真，可以再要判斷的語句的地方加上一段點亮led小燈程式
ResetHandler ;系統上電或複位後，由0x0處的跳轉指令，跳轉到該處開始真正執行系統的初始化工作
2 2440外部中斷
2440的外部中斷引腳EINT與通用IO引腳F和G複用，要想使用中斷功能，就要把相應的引腳配置成中斷模式，如我們想把端口F0設定成外部中斷，而其他引腳功能不變，則GPFCON=(GPFCON & ~0x3) | 0x2。配置完引腳後，還需要配置具體的中斷功能。我們要打開某一中斷的屏蔽，這樣才能響應該中斷，相對應的寄存器為INTMSK；還要設定外部中斷的觸發方式，如低電平、高電平、上升沿、下降沿等，相對應的寄存器為EXTINTn。另外由于EINT4到EINT7共用一個中斷向量，EINT8到EINT23也共用一個中斷向量，而INTMSK隻負責總的中斷向量的屏蔽，要具體打開某一具體的中斷屏蔽，還需要設定EINTMASK。
SRCPND和INTPND
S3C2440A有兩個中斷挂起寄存器：源挂起寄存器（SRCPND）和中斷挂起寄存器（INTPND）。這些挂起寄存器表明一個中斷請求是否為挂起。當中斷源請求中斷服務，SRCPND寄存器的相應位被置位為1，并且同時在仲裁步驟後INTPND 寄存器僅有1位自動置位為1。如果屏蔽了中斷，則SRCPND寄存器的相應位被置位為1。這并不會引起INTPND 寄存器的位的改變。當INTPND 寄存器的挂起位為置位，每當I 标志或F标志被清除為0中斷服務程式将開始。SRCPND和INTPND寄存器可以被讀取和寫入，是以服務程式必須首先通過寫1到SRCPND寄存器的相應位來清除挂起狀态并且通過相同方法來清除INTPND寄存器中挂起狀态
3 2440的PWM應用
s3c2440晶片中一共有5個16位的定時器，其中有4個定時器（定時器0~定時器3）具有脈寬調制功能，是以用s3c2440可以很容易地實作PWM功能。下面就具體介紹如何實作PWM功能。
1、PWM是通過引腳TOUT0~TOUT3輸出的，而這4個引腳是與GPB0~GPB3複用的，是以要實作PWM功能首先要把相應的引腳配置成TOUT輸出。
2、再設定定時器的輸出時鐘頻率，它是以PCLK為基準，再除以用寄存器TCFG0配置的prescaler參數，和用寄存器TCFG1配置的divider參數。
3、然後設定脈沖的具體寬度，它的基本原理是通過寄存器TCNTBn來對寄存器TCNTn（内部寄存器）進行配置計數，TCNTn是遞減的，如果減到零，則它又會重新裝載TCNTBn裡的數，重新開始計數，而寄存器TCMPBn作為比較寄存器與計數值進行比較，當TCNTn等于TCMPBn時，TOUTn輸出的電平會翻轉，而當TCNTn減為零時，電平會又翻轉過來，就這樣周而複始。是以這一步的關鍵是設定寄存器TCNTBn和TCMPBn，前者可以确定一個計數周期的時間長度，而後者可以确定方波的占空比。由于s3c2440的定時器具有雙緩存，是以可以在定時器運作的狀态下，改變這兩個寄存器的值，它會在下個周期開始有效。
4、最後就是對PWM的控制，它是通過寄存器TCON來實作的，一般來說每個定時器主要有4個位要配置（定時器0多一個死區位）：啟動/終止位，用于啟動和終止定時器；手動更新位，用于手動更新TCNTBn和TCMPBn，這裡要注意的是在開始定時時，一定要把這位清零，否則是不能開啟定時器的；輸出反轉位，用于改變輸出的電平方向，使原先是高電平輸出的變為低電平，而低電平的變為高電平；自動重載位，用于TCNTn減為零後重載TCNTBn裡的值，當不想計數了，可以使自動重載無效，這樣在TCNTn減為零後，不會有新的數加載給它，那麼TOUTn輸出會始終保持一個電平（輸出反轉位為0時，是高電平輸出；輸出反轉位為1時，是低電平輸出），這樣就沒有PWM功能了，是以這一位可以用于停止PWM。
TCFG0 = 0xFFFF00;
TCFG0 |= 0x31; //低8為時鐘的分頻數
TCFG1 &= ~0xF; //1/2，PCLK=50MHz,所有50MHz/25/2=500KHz
TCNTB0 = 5000;
TCMPB0 = freq;
TCON &= ~0x1F;
TCON |= 0xF; //死區無效，自動裝載，電平反轉，手動更新，定時器開啟
TCON &= ~0x2; //手動更新位清零，PWM開始工作
4 2440的PWM應用
在s3c2440中，有2個不同的PLL，一個是MPLL，另一個是UPLL。UPLL是給USB提供48MHz。在這裡，我們主要介紹MPLL。外部時鐘源經過MPLL處理後能夠得到三個不同的系統時鐘：FCLK、HCLK和PCLK。FCLK是主頻時鐘，用于ARM920T核心；HCLK用于AHB總線裝置，如ARM920T，記憶體控制，中斷控制，LCD控制，DMA以及USB主子產品；PCLK用于APB總線裝置，如外圍裝置的看門狗，IIS，I2C，PWM，MMC接口，ADC，UART，GPIO，RTC以及SPI。這三個系統時鐘（FCLK、HCLK和PCLK）是有一定的比例關系，這種關系是通過寄存器CLKDIVN中的HDIVN位和PDIVN位來控制的，是以我們隻要知道了FCLK，再通過這兩位的控制，就能确定HCLK和PCLK。而FCLK是如何得到的呢？它是通過輸入時鐘（即外部時鐘源）的頻率，經過一個計算公式（具體公式請查閱資料手冊）得到的，這個計算公式還需要三個參數（MDIV、PDIV、SDIV），而這三個參數是經過寄存器MPLLCON配置得到的。最後，我們用最清晰的線路來繪制一下時鐘的産生過程：外部時鐘源→通過寄存器MPLLCON得到FCLK→再通過寄存器CLKDIVN得到HCLK和PCLK。這個配置過程在啟動檔案中就已完成。
TCFG0 ：定時器配置寄存器0，配置2個8位預分頻器
[23:16] ：死區長度
[16:8] ：precsaler1，決定定時器2，3，4預分頻值
[7:0] ：prescaler0，決定定時器0,1的預分頻值
5 2440的UART應用
s3c2440提供了三個UART端口，它們都可以通過查詢、中斷和DMA方式傳輸資料，而且每個UART都分别有一個64個位元組的接收FIFO和一個64個位元組的發送FIFO。
要實作某種通信，就必須遵循該通信協定。UART的協定包括傳輸資料的位數，停止位的位數，以及是否進行奇偶校驗，這些設定是利用ULCONn寄存器完成的。另一個很重要的地方就是設定波特率。s3c2440波特率的時鐘源有三個：PCLK、FCLK/n和UEXTCLK。時鐘源的選擇是由UCONn的第10位和第11位來完成的。波特率的具體計算公式為：
時鐘源頻率÷（波特率×16）－1
RS-232C标準采用的是負邏輯方式，邏輯1對用-15到-5V，邏輯0對應5到15V
S3C2440A 的 UART（通用異步串行接口）單元提供了三個獨立的異步串行 I/O 端口，每個
都可以在中斷和 DMA 兩種模式下進行，他們支援的最高波特率是 115.2Kbps。每個 UART 通道包含 2 個 64 位元組 FIFO 分别提供個接收和發送。
GPH7 [15:14] 00 = 輸入 01 = 輸出 10 = RXD[2] 11 = nCTS1
GPH6 [13:12] 00 = 輸入 01 = 輸出 10 = TXD[2] 11 = nRTS1
GPH5 [11:10] 00 = 輸入 01 = 輸出 10 = RXD[1] 11 = 保留
GPH4 [9:8] 00 = 輸入 01 = 輸出 10 = TXD[1] 11 = 保留
GPH3 [7:6] 00 = 輸入 01 = 輸出 10 = RXD[0] 11 = 保留
GPH2 [5:4] 00 = 輸入 01 = 輸出 10 = TXD[0] 11 = 保留
6 2440的NAND Flash應用
NAND Flash引導啟動模式中必須選擇GPG[15:13]為輸入。
當複位時，NAND Flash控制器将通過引腳狀态（NCON(先進閃存), GPG13(頁大小)，GPG14(位址周期)，GPG15(總線寬度)—請參考引腳配置）來擷取連接配接的NAND Flash的資訊，在發生掉電或系統複位後，NAND Flash控制器自動加載4K位元組的BootLoader代碼。在加載完BootLoader代碼後，Steppingstone中的BootLoader代碼已經執行了
D[7:0] : 資料/指令/位址/的輸入/輸出口（與資料總線共享）
CLE : 指令鎖存使能 (輸出)
ALE : 位址鎖存使能（輸出）
nFCE : NAND Flash 片選使能（輸出）
nFRE : NAND Flash 讀使能 (輸出)
nFWE : NAND Flash 寫使能 (輸出)
R/nB : NAND Flash 準備好/繁忙（輸入）
//-------------- s3c2440的頭檔案 ----------------------------
/***********************************************************************/
/* This file is part of the uVision/ARM development tools */
/* Copyright KEIL - An ARM Company 2002-2007 */
/***********************************************************************/
/* */
/* S3C2440.H: Header file for Samsung S3C2440 */
/* */
/***********************************************************************/
#ifndef __S3C2440_H
#define __S3C2440_H
// Memory Controllers
#define BWSCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x48000000)
#define BANKCON0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x48000004)
#define BANKCON1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x48000008)
#define BANKCON2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4800000C)
#define BANKCON3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x48000010)
#define BANKCON4 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x48000014)
#define BANKCON5 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x48000018)
#define BANKCON6 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4800001C)
#define BANKCON7 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x48000020)
#define REFRESH (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x48000024)
#define BANKSIZE (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x48000028)
#define MRSRB6 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4800002C)
#define MRSRB7 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x48000030)
// USB Host Controller
#define HcRevision (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000000)
#define HcControl (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000004)
#define HcCommonStatus (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000008)
#define HcInterruptStatus (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4900000C)
#define HcInterruptEnable (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000010)
#define HcInterruptDisable (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000014)
#define HcHCCA (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000018)
#define HcPeriodCuttentED (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4900001C)
#define HcControlHeadED (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000020)
#define HcControlCurrentED (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000024)
#define HcBulkHeadED (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000028)
#define HcBulkCurrentED (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4900002C)
#define HcDoneHead (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000030)
#define HcRmInterval (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000034)
#define HcFmRemaining (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000038)
#define HcFmNumber (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4900003C)
#define HcPeriodicStart (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000040)
#define HcLSTreshold (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000044)
#define HcRhDescriptorA (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000048)
#define HcRhDescriptorB (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4900004C)
#define HcRhStatus (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000050)
#define HcRhPortStatus1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000054)
#define HcRhPortStatus2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x49000058)
// Interrupt Controller
#define SRCPND (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4A000000)
#define INTMOD (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4A000004)
#define INTMSK (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4A000008)
#define PRIORITY (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4A00000C)
#define INTPND (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4A000010)
#define INTOFFSET (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4A000014)
#define SUBSRCPND (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4A000018)
#define INTSUBMSK (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4A00001C)
// DMA
#define DISRC0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000000)
#define DISRCC0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000004)
#define DIDST0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000008)
#define DIDSTC0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B00000C)
#define DCON0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000010)
#define DSTAT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000014)
#define DCSRC0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000018)
#define DCDST0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B00001C)
#define DMASKTRIG0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000020)
#define DISRC1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000040)
#define DISRCC1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000044)
#define DIDST1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000048)
#define DIDSTC1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B00004C)
#define DCON1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000050)
#define DSTAT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000054)
#define DCSRC1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000058)
#define DCDST1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B00005C)
#define DMASKTRIG1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000060)
#define DISRC2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000080)
#define DISRCC2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000084)
#define DIDST2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000088)
#define DIDSTC2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B00008C)
#define DCON2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000090)
#define DSTAT2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000094)
#define DCSRC2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B000098)
#define DCDST2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B00009C)
#define DMASKTRIG2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B0000a0)
#define DISRC3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B0000C0)
#define DISRCC3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B0000C4)
#define DIDST3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B0000C8)
#define DIDSTC3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B0000CC)
#define DCON3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B0000D0)
#define DSTAT3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B0000D4)
#define DCSRC3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B0000D8)
#define DCDST3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B0000DC)
#define DMASKTRIG3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4B0000E0)
// Clock & Power Management
#define LOCKTIME (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4C000000)
#define MPLLCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4C000004)
#define UPLLCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4C000008)
#define CLKCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4C00000C)
#define CLKSLOW (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4C000010)
#define CLKDIVN (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4C000014)
#define CAMDIVN (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4C000018)
// LCD Controller
#define LCDCON1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000000)
#define LCDCON2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000004)
#define LCDCON3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000008)
#define LCDCON4 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D00000C)
#define LCDCON5 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000010)
#define LCDSADDR1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000014)
#define LCDSADDR2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000018)
#define LCDSADDR3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D00001C)
#define REDLUT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000020)
#define GREENLUT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000024)
#define BLUELUT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000028)
#define DITHMODE (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D00004C)
#define TPAL (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000050)
#define LCDINTPND (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000054)
#define LCDSRCPND (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000058)
#define LCDINTMSK (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D00005C)
#define LPCSEL (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4D000060)
#define PALETTE 0x4D000400
// NAND flash
#define NFCONF (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000000)
#define NFCONT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000004)
#define NFCMD (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000008)
#define NFADDR (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E00000C)
#define NFDATA (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000010)
#define NFMECCD0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000014)
#define NFMECCD1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000018)
#define NFSECCD (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E00001C)
#define NFSTAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000020)
#define NFESTAT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000024)
#define NFESTAT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000028)
#define NFMECC0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E00002C)
#define NFMECC1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000030)
#define NFSECC (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000034)
#define NFSBLK (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E000038)
#define NFEBLK (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4E00003C)
// Camera Interface
#define CISRCFMT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000000)
#define CIWDOFST (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000004)
#define CIGCTRL (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000008)
#define CICOYSA1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000018)
#define CICOYSA2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F00001C)
#define CICOYSA3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000020)
#define CICOYSA4 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000024)
#define CICOCBSA1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000028)
#define CICOCBSA2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F00002C)
#define CICOCBSA3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000030)
#define CICOCBSA4 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000034)
#define CICORSA1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000038)
#define CICORSA2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F00003C)
#define CICORSA3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000040)
#define CICORSA4 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000044)
#define CICOTRGFMT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000048)
#define CICOCTRL (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F00004C)
#define CICOSCPRERATIO (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000050)
#define CICOSCPREDST (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000054)
#define CICOSCCTRL (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000058)
#define CICOTAREA (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F00005C)
#define CICOSTATUS (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000064)
#define CIPRCLRSA1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F00006C)
#define CIPRCLRSA2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000070)
#define CIPRCLRSA3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000074)
#define CIPRCLRSA4 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000078)
#define CIPRTRGFMT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F00007C)
#define CIPRCTRL (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000080)
#define CIPRSCPRERATIO (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000084)
#define CIPRSCPREDST (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000088)
#define CIPRSCCTRL (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F00008C)
#define CIPRTAREA (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000090)
#define CIPRSTATUS (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F000098)
#define CIIMGCPT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x4F0000A0)
// UART
#define ULCON0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50000000)
#define UCON0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50000004)
#define UFCON0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50000008)
#define UMCON0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5000000C)
#define UTRSTAT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50000010)
#define UERSTAT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50000014)
#define UFSTAT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50000018)
#define UMSTAT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5000001C)
#define UTXH0 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50000020)
#define URXH0 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50000024)
#define UBRDIV0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50000028)
#define ULCON1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50004000)
#define UCON1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50004004)
#define UFCON1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50004008)
#define UMCON1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5000400C)
#define UTRSTAT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50004010)
#define UERSTAT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50004014)
#define UFSTAT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50004018)
#define UMSTAT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5000401C)
#define UTXH1 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50004020)
#define URXH1 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50004024)
#define UBRDIV1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50004028)
#define ULCON2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50008000)
#define UCON2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50008004)
#define UFCON2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50008008)
#define UMCON2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5000800C)
#define UTRSTAT2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50008010)
#define UERSTAT2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50008014)
#define UFSTAT2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50008018)
#define UTXH2 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50008020)
#define URXH2 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50008024)
#define UBRDIV2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x50008028)
#ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
#undef UTXH0
#define UTXH0 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50000023)
#undef URXH0
#define URXH0 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50000027)
#undef UTXH1
#define UTXH1 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50004023)
#undef URXH1
#define URXH1 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50004027)
#undef UTXH2
#define UTXH2 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50008023)
#undef URXH2
#define URXH2 (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x50008027)
#endif
// PWM Timer
#define TCFG0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000000)
#define TCFG1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000004)
#define TCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000008)
#define TCNTB0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5100000C)
#define TCMPB0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000010)
#define TCNTO0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000014)
#define TCNTB1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000018)
#define TCMPB1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5100001C)
#define TCNTO1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000020)
#define TCNTB2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000024)
#define TCMPB2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000028)
#define TCNTO2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5100002C)
#define TCNTB3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000030)
#define TCMPB3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000034)
#define TCNTO3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000038)
#define TCNTB4 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5100003C)
#define TCNTO4 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x51000040)
// USB Device
#ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
#define FUNC_ADDR_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000143)
#define PWR_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000147)
#define EP_INT_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200014B)
#define USB_INT_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200015B)
#define EP_INT_EN_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200015F)
#define USB_INT_EN_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200016F)
#define FRAME_NUM1_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000173)
#define FRAME_NUM2_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000177)
#define INDEX_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200017B)
#define MAXP_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000183)
#define EP0_CSR (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000187)
#define IN_CSR1_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000187)
#define IN_CSR2_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200018B)
#define OUT_CSR1_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000193)
#define OUT_CSR2_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000197)
#define OUT_FIFO_CNT1_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200019B)
#define OUT_FIFO_CNT2_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200019F)
#define EP0_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x520001C3)
#define EP1_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x520001C7)
#define EP2_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x520001CF)
#define EP3_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x520001CF)
#define EP4_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x520001D3)
#define EP1_DMA_CON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000203)
#define EP1_DMA_UNIT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000207)
#define EP1_DMA_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200020B)
#define EP1_DMA_TTC_L (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200020F)
#define EP1_DMA_TTC_M (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000213)
#define EP1_DMA_TTC_H (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000217)
#define EP2_DMA_CON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200021B)
#define EP2_DMA_UNIT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200021F)
#define EP2_DMA_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000223)
#define EP2_DMA_TTC_L (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000227)
#define EP2_DMA_TTC_M (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200022B)
#define EP2_DMA_TTC_H (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200022F)
#define EP3_DMA_CON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000243)
#define EP3_DMA_UNIT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000247)
#define EP3_DMA_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200024B)
#define EP3_DMA_TTC_L (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200024F)
#define EP3_DMA_TTC_M (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000253)
#define EP3_DMA_TTC_H (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000257)
#define EP4_DMA_CON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200025B)
#define EP4_DMA_UNIT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200025F)
#define EP4_DMA_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000263)
#define EP4_DMA_TTC_L (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000267)
#define EP4_DMA_TTC_M (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200026B)
#define EP4_DMA_TTC_H (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200026F)
#else // Little Endian
#define FUNC_ADDR_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000140)
#define PWR_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000144)
#define EP_INT_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000148)
#define USB_INT_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000158)
#define EP_INT_EN_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200015C)
#define USB_INT_EN_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200016C)
#define FRAME_NUM1_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000170)
#define FRAME_NUM2_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000174)
#define INDEX_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000178)
#define MAXP_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000180)
#define EP0_CSR (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000184)
#define IN_CSR1_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000184)
#define IN_CSR2_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000188)
#define OUT_CSR1_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000190)
#define OUT_CSR2_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000194)
#define OUT_FIFO_CNT1_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000198)
#define OUT_FIFO_CNT2_REG (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200019C)
#define EP0_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x520001C0)
#define EP1_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x520001C4)
#define EP2_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x520001C8)
#define EP3_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x520001CC)
#define EP4_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x520001D0)
#define EP1_DMA_CON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000200)
#define EP1_DMA_UNIT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000204)
#define EP1_DMA_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000208)
#define EP1_DMA_TTC_L (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200020C)
#define EP1_DMA_TTC_M (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000210)
#define EP1_DMA_TTC_H (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000214)
#define EP2_DMA_CON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000218)
#define EP2_DMA_UNIT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200021C)
#define EP2_DMA_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000220)
#define EP2_DMA_TTC_L (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000224)
#define EP2_DMA_TTC_M (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000228)
#define EP2_DMA_TTC_H (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200022C)
#define EP3_DMA_CON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000240)
#define EP3_DMA_UNIT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000244)
#define EP3_DMA_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000248)
#define EP3_DMA_TTC_L (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200024C)
#define EP3_DMA_TTC_M (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000250)
#define EP3_DMA_TTC_H (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000254)
#define EP4_DMA_CON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000258)
#define EP4_DMA_UNIT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200025C)
#define EP4_DMA_FIFO (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000260)
#define EP4_DMA_TTC_L (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000264)
#define EP4_DMA_TTC_M (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x52000268)
#define EP4_DMA_TTC_H (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5200026C)
#endif
// Watchdog Timer
#define WTCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x53000000)
#define WTDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x53000004)
#define WTCNT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x53000008)
// IIC
#define IICCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x54000000)
#define IICSTAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x54000004)
#define IICADD (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x54000008)
#define IICDS (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5400000C)
#define IICLC (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x54000010)
// IIS
#define IISCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x55000000)
#define IISMOD (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x55000004)
#define IISPSR (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x55000008)
#define IISFCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5500000C)
#define IISFIFO (*(volatile unsigned short*) 0x55000010)
#ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
#undef IISFIFO
#define IISFIFO (*(volatile unsigned short*) 0x55000012)
#endif
// I/O port
#define GPACON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000000)
#define GPADAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000004)
#define GPBCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000010)
#define GPBDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000014)
#define GPBUP (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000018)
#define GPCCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000020)
#define GPCDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000024)
#define GPCUP (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000028)
#define GPDCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000030)
#define GPDDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000034)
#define GPDUP (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000038)
#define GPECON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000040)
#define GPEDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000044)
#define GPEUP (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000048)
#define GPFCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000050)
#define GPFDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000054)
#define GPFUP (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000058)
#define GPGCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000060)
#define GPGDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000064)
#define GPGUP (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000068)
#define GPHCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000070)
#define GPHDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000074)
#define GPHUP (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000078)
#define GPJCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000D0)
#define GPJDAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000D4)
#define GPJUP (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000D8)
#define MISCCR (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000080)
#define DCLKCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000084)
#define EXTINT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000088)
#define EXTINT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5600008C)
#define EXTINT2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000090)
#define EINTFLT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000094)
#define EINTFLT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x56000098)
#define EINTFLT2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5600009C)
#define EINTFLT3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000A0)
#define EINTMASK (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000A4)
#define EINTPEND (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000A8)
#define GSTATUS0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000AC)
#define GSTATUS1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000B0)
#define GSTATUS2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000B4)
#define GSTATUS3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000B8)
#define GSTATUS4 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000BC)
#define MSLCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x560000CC)
// RTC
#ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
#define RTCCON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000043)
#define TICNT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000047)
#define RTCALM (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000053)
#define ALMSEC (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000057)
#define ALMMIN (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5700005B)
#define ALMHOUR (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5700005F)
#define ALMDATE (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000063)
#define ALMMON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000067)
#define ALMYEAR (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5700006B)
#define RTCRST (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5700006F)
#define BCDSEC (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000073)
#define BCDMIN (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000077)
#define BCDHOUR (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5700007B)
#define BCDDATE (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5700007F)
#define BCDDAY (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000083)
#define BCDMON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000087)
#define BCDYEAR (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5700008B)
#else //Little Endian
#define RTCCON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000040)
#define TICNT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000044)
#define RTCALM (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000050)
#define ALMSEC (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000054)
#define ALMMIN (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000058)
#define ALMHOUR (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5700005C)
#define ALMDATE (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000060)
#define ALMMON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000064)
#define ALMYEAR (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000068)
#define RTCRST (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5700006C)
#define BCDSEC (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000070)
#define BCDMIN (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000074)
#define BCDHOUR (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000078)
#define BCDDATE (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5700007C)
#define BCDDAY (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000080)
#define BCDMON (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000084)
#define BCDYEAR (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x57000088)
#endif
// A/D Converter
#define ADCCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x58000000)
#define ADCTSC (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x58000004)
#define ADCDLY (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x58000008)
#define ADCDAT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5800000C)
#define ADCDAT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x58000010)
#define ADCUPDN (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x58000014)
// SPI
#define SPCON0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x59000000)
#define SPSTA0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x59000004)
#define SPPIN0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x59000008)
#define SPPRE0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5900000C)
#define SPTDAT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x59000010)
#define SPRDAT0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x59000014)
#define SPCON1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x59000020)
#define SPSTA1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x59000024)
#define SPPIN1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x59000028)
#define SPPRE1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5900002C)
#define SPTDAT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x59000030)
#define SPRDAT1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x59000034)
// SD Interface
#define SDICON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000000)
#define SDIPRE (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000004)
#define SDICARG (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000008)
#define SDICCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A00000C)
#define SDICSTA (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000010)
#define SDIRSP0 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000014)
#define SDIRSP1 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000018)
#define SDIRSP2 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A00001C)
#define SDIRSP3 (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000020)
#define SDIDTIMER (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000024)
#define SDIBSIZE (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000028)
#define SDIDCON (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A00002C)
#define SDIDCNT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000030)
#define SDIDSTA (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000034)
#define SDIFSTA (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A000038)
#define SDIIMSK (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5A00003C)
#define SDIDAT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5A000040)
#ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
#undef SDIDAT
#define SDIDAT (*(volatile unsigned char *) 0x5A000043)
#endif
// AC97 Audio-CODEC Interface
#define AC_GLBCTRL (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5B000000)
#define AC_GLBSTAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5B000004)
#define AC_CODEC_CMD (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5B000008)
#define AC_CODEC_STAT (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5B00000C)
#define AC_PCMADDR (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5B000010)
#define AC_MICADDR (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5B000014)
#define AC_PCMDATA (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5B000018)
#define AC_MICDATA (*(volatile unsigned long *) 0x5B00001C)
// Interrupt Pending Bit
#define BIT_EINT0 (1 << 0)
#define BIT_EINT1 (1 << 1)
#define BIT_EINT2 (1 << 2)
#define BIT_EINT3 (1 << 3)
#define BIT_EINT4_7 (1 << 4)
#define BIT_EINT8_23 (1 << 5)
#define BIT_CAM (1 << 6)
#define BIT_nBAT_FLT (1 << 7)
#define BIT_TICK (1 << 8)
#define BIT_WDT_AC97 (1 << 9)
#define BIT_TIMER0 (1 << 10)
#define BIT_TIMER1 (1 << 11)
#define BIT_TIMER2 (1 << 12)
#define BIT_TIMER3 (1 << 13)
#define BIT_TIMER4 (1 << 14)
#define BIT_UART2 (1 << 15)
#define BIT_LCD (1 << 16)
#define BIT_DMA0 (1 << 17)
#define BIT_DMA1 (1 << 18)
#define BIT_DMA2 (1 << 19)
#define BIT_DMA3 (1 << 20)
#define BIT_SDI (1 << 21)
#define BIT_SPI0 (1 << 22)
#define BIT_UART1 (1 << 23)
#define BIT_NFCON (1 << 24)
#define BIT_USBD (1 << 25)
#define BIT_USBH (1 << 26)
#define BIT_IIC (1 << 27)
#define BIT_UART0 (1 << 28)
#define BIT_SPI1 (1 << 29)
#define BIT_RTC (1 << 30)
#define BIT_ADC (1 << 31)
#define BIT_ALLMSK (0xFFFFFFFF)
#define BIT_SUB_RXD0 (1 << 0)
#define BIT_SUB_TXD0 (1 << 1)
#define BIT_SUB_ERR0 (1 << 2)
#define BIT_SUB_RXD1 (1 << 3)
#define BIT_SUB_TXD1 (1 << 4)
#define BIT_SUB_ERR1 (1 << 5)
#define BIT_SUB_RXD2 (1 << 6)
#define BIT_SUB_TXD2 (1 << 7)
#define BIT_SUB_ERR2 (1 << 8)
#define BIT_SUB_TC (1 << 9)
#define BIT_SUB_ADC_S (1 << 10)
#define BIT_SUB_CAM_C (1 << 11)
#define BIT_SUB_CAM_P (1 << 12)
#define BIT_SUB_WDT (1 << 13)
#define BIT_SUB_AC97 (1 << 14)
#define BIT_SUB_ALLMSK (0x000007FF)
#define ClearPending(bit) { SRCPND = bit; \
INTPND = INTPND; }
#endif // __S3C2440_H
//-------------- GPIO操作的頭檔案 ----------------------------
#ifndef _GPIO_H_
#define _GPIO_H_
#include "s3c2440.h"
void Delay(int x);
void Led_Init(void);
void Led_ON(int x);
void Led_OFF(int x);
void Bell_Init(void);
void Bell_ON(void);
void Bell_OFF(void);
void Key_Init(void);
int Key_Scan(void);
#endif
//-------------- GPIO操作的源檔案 ----------------------------
/*
;
; 檔案名：init.s
; 說明： 啟動代碼
;
AREA |DATA|, CODE, READONLY
ENTRY
ldr r13, =0x1000
IMPORT timerMain
b timerMain ;我是在
END
;----------------- the end of init.s ----------------------
*/
/*
* 檔案：led.c
* 說明：有關LED控制的函數
*/
/*
LED借口說明
LED0 ----- GPB5
LED1 ----- GPB6
LED2 ----- GPB8
LED3 ----- GPB10
*/
void Delay(int x)
{
int i=0;
while(x)
{
for(i = 0; i < 2000; i++);
x--;
}
}
void Led_Init(void)
{
GPBCON &= 0xCCC3FF;
GPBCON |= 0x111400;//GPB5, GPB6, GPB8, GPB10設定為輸出
GPBDAT |= ((1<<5) | (1<<6) | (1<<8) | (1<<10));//關閉LED
GPBUP = 0x00;
}
void Led_ON(int x)
{
switch(x)
{
case 0: GPBDAT &= ~(1<<5); break;
case 1: GPBDAT &= ~(1<<6); break;
case 2: GPBDAT &= ~(1<<8); break;
case 3: GPBDAT &= ~(1<<10); break;
default: break;
}
}
void Led_OFF(int x)
{
switch(x)
{
case 0: GPBDAT |= (1<<5); break;
case 1: GPBDAT |= (1<<6); break;
case 2: GPBDAT |= (1<<8); break;
case 3: GPBDAT |= (1<<10); break;
default: break;
}
}
// ----------------------- the end of bell.c ---------------------
/*
* 檔案：bell.c
* 說明：有關bell控制的函數
*/
/*
bell接口說明
BELL ----- GPB0
*/
void Bell_Init(void)
{
GPBCON &= ~0x3;
GPBCON |= 0x1;
GPBUP &= ~0x1;//使能上拉
}
void Bell_ON(void)
{
GPBDAT |= 0x1;
}
void Bell_OFF(void)
{
GPBDAT &= ~0x1; H*
}
// ----------------------- the end of bell.c ---------------------
/*
* 檔案：key.c
* 說明：有關key控制的函數
*/
/*
按鍵接口說明
GPF0 ------ 按鍵S2------- key1
GPF2 ------ 按鍵S3------- key2
GPF3 ------ 按鍵S4------- key3
GPF4 ------ 按鍵S5------- key4
*/
static void Key_Delay(void)
{
int n;
for(n = 0; n < 1000; n++);
}
void Key_Init(void)
{
GPFCON &= ~(3<<0 | 3<<2*2 | 3<<2*3 | 3<<2*4);
GPFUP &= ~(1<<0 | 1<<2 | 1<<3 | 1<<4);
}
/*
* 函數：Key_Scan
* 說明：掃描按鍵，傳回被按下按鍵的值
* 傳回值：對應按鍵的值
*/
int Key_Scan(void)
{
int tmp = 0;
if((GPFDAT&0x01) == 0)
{
Key_Delay();
if((GPFDAT&0x01) == 0)
{
while((GPFDAT&0x01) == 0);
tmp = 1;
}
}
if((GPFDAT&0x04) == 0)
{
Key_Delay();
if((GPFDAT&0x04) == 0)
{
while((GPFDAT&0x04) == 0);
tmp = 2;
}
}
if((GPFDAT&0x08) == 0)
{
Key_Delay();
if((GPFDAT&0x08) == 0)
{
while((GPFDAT&0x08) == 0);
tmp = 3;
}
}
if((GPFDAT&0x10) == 0)
{
Key_Delay();
if((GPFDAT&0x10) == 0)
{
while((GPFDAT&0x10) == 0);
tmp = 4;
}
}
return tmp;
}
// ----------------------- the end of key.c ---------------------
//-------------- watchdog操作的頭檔案 ----------------------------
#ifndef _WATCHDOG_H_
#define _WATCHDOG_H_
#include "s3c440.h"
void watchdog_Init(void);
#endif
/* --------------- 應用執行個體 ------------------
void timer(void)
{
//int n;
//char str[] = "luoxn28\n";
Led_Init();
Bell_Init();
Key_Init();
UART0_Init();
watchdog_Init();
ISR_WDT_AC97 = (u32)watchdog;
//UART_SendString("\n the old data:\n");
while(1)
{
Led_ON(0);
Delay(200);
Led_OFF(0);
Delay(200);
//WTCNT = 50000; //喂狗，重新指派，防止中斷
Led_ON(1);
Delay(200);
Led_OFF(1);
Delay(200);
//WTCNT = 50000; //喂狗，重新指派，防止中斷
}
}
*/
//-------------- watchdog操作的源檔案 ----------------------------
#include "watchdog.h"
#define _ISR_STARTADD 0x33FFFF00
#define ISR_WDT_AC97 (*(unsigned *)(_ISR_STARTADD + 0x44))
char cnt = 0;
__irq void watchdog(void)
{
cnt++;
if((cnt%2) == 1)
{
Led_ON(2);
UART_SendString("\n Led_ON(2)\n");
}
else
{
Led_ON(3);
UART_SendString("\n Led_ON(3)\n");
}
UART_SendChar((char)(cnt/100 + '0'));
UART_SendChar(cnt/10%10 + '0');
UART_SendChar(cnt%10 + '0');
//清中斷标志位
SRCPND = 0x1<<9;
SUBSRCPND = 0x1<<13;
INTPND = 0x1<<9;
WTCNT = 50000;
}
//看門狗産生中斷方式
void watchdog_Init(void)
{
WTCON = 0xf9<<8; //Prescaler = 249，Division = 16，時鐘頻率為12.5kHz
//禁止看門狗複位
WTDAT = 50000; //設定看門狗定時器逾時時間為4秒（50÷12.5）
WTCNT = 50000;
WTCON |= (1<<5)|(1<<2); //開啟看門狗定時器中斷
SRCPND = 0x1<<9;
SUBSRCPND = 0x1<<13;
INTPND = 0x1<<9;
INTSUBMSK = ~(0x1<<13); //打開中斷子屏蔽
INTMSK = ~(0x1<<9); //打開中斷屏蔽
}
//-------------- nanflash操作的頭檔案 ----------------------------
#ifndef _NANDFLASH_H_
#define _NANDFLASH_H_
#include "s3c2440.h"
typedef unsigned int u32;
typedef unsigned char u8;
#define CMD_READ1 0x00 //頁讀指令周期1
#define CMD_READ2 0x30 //頁讀指令周期2
#define CMD_READID 0x90 //讀ID指令
#define CMD_WRITE1 0x80 //頁寫指令周期1
#define CMD_WRITE2 0x10 //頁寫指令周期2
#define CMD_ERASE1 0x60 //塊擦除指令周期1
#define CMD_ERASE2 0xd0 //塊擦除指令周期2
#define CMD_STATUS 0x70 //讀狀态指令
#define CMD_RESET 0xff //複位
#define CMD_RANDOMREAD1 0x05 //随意讀指令周期1
#define CMD_RANDOMREAD2 0xE0 //随意讀指令周期2
#define CMD_RANDOMWRITE 0x85 //随意寫指令
#define NFDATA8 (*(volatile unsigned char *)0x4E000010)
#define NF_CMD(data) NFCMD = (data) //傳輸指令
#define NF_ADDR(addr) NFADDR = (addr) //傳輸位址
#define NF_RDDATA() (NFDATA) //讀32位資料
#define NF_RDDATA8() (NFDATA8) //讀8位資料
#define NF_WRDATA(data) NFDATA = (data) //寫32位資料
#define NF_WRDATA8(data) NFDATA8 = (data) //寫8位資料
#define TACLS 1
#define TWRPH0 2
#define TWRPH1 0
#define NF_nFCE_L() NFCONT &= ~(1<<1)
#define NF_CE_L() NF_nFCE_L() //打開nandflash片選
#define NF_nFCE_H() NFCONT |= (1<<1)
#define NF_CE_H() NF_nFCE_H() //關閉nandflash片選
#define NF_RSTECC() NFCONT |= (1<<4) //複位ECC
#define NF_MECC_UnLock() NFCONT &= ~(1<<5) //解鎖main區ECC
#define NF_MECC_Lock() NFCONT |= (1<<5) //鎖定main區ECC
#define NF_SECC_UnLock() NFCONT &= ~(1<<6) //解鎖spare區ECC
#define NF_SECC_Lock() NFCONT |= (1<<6) //鎖定spare區ECC
#define NF_WAITRB() while(!(NFSTAT&(1<<0))) //等待nandflash不忙
#define NF_CLEAR_RB() NFSTAT |= (1<<2) //清除RnB信号
#define NF_DETECT_RB() while(!(NFSTAT&(1<<2))) //等待RnB信号變高，即不忙
void NF_Init ( void );
char NF_ReadID();
u8 NF_ReadPage(u32 page_number, char buffer[]);
u8 NF_WritePage(u32 page_number, char buffer[]);
u8 NF_EraseBlock(u32 block_number);
u8 NF_RamdomRead(u32 page_number, u32 add);
u8 NF_RamdomWrite(u32 page_number, u32 add, u8 dat);
#endif
/* -------------- 程式執行個體 --------------
void main(void)
{
int n;
char str[] = "luoxn28\n";
char buffer[2048], id;
u32 NFBlockNO=6;
u32 NFPagesNO = 25;
u32 BlockPages;
BlockPages =(NFBlockNO<<6)+NFPagesNO;
Led_Init();
Bell_Init();
Key_Init();
UART0_Init();
NF_Init();
id = NF_ReadID();
UART_SendString("\ntest nand flash\n");
UART_SendChar(id/100 + '0');
UART_SendChar(id/10%10 + '0');
UART_SendChar(id%10 + '0');
UART_SendString("\n the old data:\n");
NF_ReadPage(BlockPages*64, buffer);
for(n = 0; n < 2048; n++)
{
UART_SendChar(buffer[n]);
}
if(NF_EraseBlock(BlockPages) == 0x66)
{
//NF_ReadPage(BlockPages*64, buffer);
//for(n = 0; n < 2048; n++)
//{
// UART_SendChar(buffer[n]);
//}
UART_SendString("\nerase is ok1\n");
}
for(n = 0; n < 2048; n++)
{
buffer[n] = 128 - n%128;
}
if(NF_WritePage(BlockPages*64, buffer) == 0x66)
{
NF_ReadPage(BlockPages*64, buffer);
UART_SendString("\nthe new data:\n");
for(n = 0; n < 2048; n++)
{
UART_SendChar(buffer[n]);
}
}
while(1)
{
Led_ON(0);
Delay(1000);
Led_OFF(0);
Delay(1000);
}
}
*/
//-------------- nanflash操作的源檔案 ----------------------------
#include "nandflash.h"
void NF_Init ( void )
{
GPACON = (GPACON &~(0x3f<<17)) | (0x3f<<17); //配置晶片引腳
NFCONF = (TACLS<<12)|(TWRPH0<<8)|(TWRPH1<<4)|(0<<0);//TACLS=1、TWRPH0=2、TWRPH1=0，8位IO
//非鎖定，屏蔽nandflash中斷，初始化ECC及鎖定main區和spare區ECC，使能nandflash片選及控制器
NFCONT = (0<<13)|(0<<12)|(0<<10)|(0<<9)|(0<<8)|(1<<6)|(1<<5)|(1<<4)|(1<<1)|(1<<0);
}
static void NF_Reset()
{
NF_CE_L(); //打開nandflash片選
NF_CLEAR_RB(); //清除RnB信号
NF_CMD(CMD_RESET); //寫入複位指令
NF_DETECT_RB(); //等待RnB信号變高，即不忙
NF_CE_H(); //關閉nandflash片選
}
char NF_ReadID()
{
char MID;
char DID;
char cyc3, cyc4, cyc5;
NF_nFCE_L(); //打開nandflash片選
NF_CLEAR_RB(); //清RnB信号
NF_CMD(CMD_READID); //讀ID指令
NF_ADDR(0x0); //寫0x00位址
//讀五個周期的ID
MID = NF_RDDATA8(); //廠商ID：0xEC
DID = NF_RDDATA8(); //裝置ID：0xDA
cyc3 = NF_RDDATA8(); //0x10
cyc4 = NF_RDDATA8(); //0x95
cyc5 = NF_RDDATA8(); //0x44
NF_nFCE_H(); //關閉nandflash片選
return (DID);
}
u8 NF_ReadPage(u32 page_number, char buffer[])
{
u32 i, mecc0, secc;
NF_RSTECC(); //複位ECC
NF_MECC_UnLock(); //解鎖main區ECC
NF_nFCE_L(); //打開nandflash片選
NF_CLEAR_RB(); //清RnB信号
NF_CMD(CMD_READ1); //頁讀指令周期1
//寫入5個位址周期
NF_ADDR(0x00); //列位址A0~A7
NF_ADDR(0x00); //列位址A8~A11
NF_ADDR((page_number) & 0xff); //行位址A12~A19
NF_ADDR((page_number >> 8) & 0xff); //行位址A20~A27
NF_ADDR((page_number >> 16) & 0xff); //行位址A28
NF_CMD(CMD_READ2); //頁讀指令周期2
NF_DETECT_RB(); //等待RnB信号變高，即不忙
//讀取一頁資料内容
for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++)
{
buffer[i] = NF_RDDATA8();
}
NF_MECC_Lock(); //鎖定main區ECC值
NF_SECC_UnLock(); //解鎖spare區ECC
mecc0=NF_RDDATA(); //讀spare區的前4個位址内容，即第2048~2051位址，這4個位元組為main區的ECC
//把讀取到的main區的ECC校驗碼放入NFMECCD0/1的相應位置内
NFMECCD0=((mecc0&0xff00)<<8)|(mecc0&0xff);
NFMECCD1=((mecc0&0xff000000)>>8)|((mecc0&0xff0000)>>16);
NF_SECC_Lock(); //鎖定spare區的ECC值
secc=NF_RDDATA(); //繼續讀spare區的4個位址内容，即第2052~2055位址，其中前2個位元組為spare區的ECC值
//把讀取到的spare區的ECC校驗碼放入NFSECCD的相應位置内
NFSECCD=((secc&0xff00)<<8)|(secc&0xff);
NF_nFCE_H(); //關閉nandflash片選
//判斷所讀取到的資料是否正确
if ((NFESTAT0&0xf) == 0x0)
return 0x66; //正确
else
return 0x44; //錯誤
}
u8 NF_IsBadBlock(u32 block)
{
return NF_RamdomRead(block*64, 2054);
}
u8 NF_MarkBadBlock(u32 block)
{
u8 result;
result = NF_RamdomWrite(block*64, 2054, 0x33);
if(result == 0x44)
return 0x21; //寫壞塊标注失敗
else
return 0x60; //寫壞塊标注成功
}
void NF_Delay(int n)
{
int i;
while(n > 0)
{
n--;
for(i = 0; i < 200; i++);
}
}
u8 ECCBuf[6];
u8 NF_WritePage(u32 page_number, char buffer[])
{
u32 i, mecc0, secc;
u8 stat, temp;
temp = NF_IsBadBlock(page_number>>6); //判斷該塊是否為壞塊
if(temp == 0x33)
return 0x42; //是壞塊，傳回
NF_RSTECC(); //複位ECC
NF_MECC_UnLock(); //解鎖main區的ECC
NF_nFCE_L(); //打開nandflash片選
NF_CLEAR_RB(); //清RnB信号
NF_CMD(CMD_WRITE1); //頁寫指令周期1
//寫入5個位址周期
NF_ADDR(0x00); //列位址A0~A7
NF_ADDR(0x00); //列位址A8~A11
NF_ADDR((page_number) & 0xff); //行位址A12~A19
NF_ADDR((page_number >> 8) & 0xff); //行位址A20~A27
NF_ADDR((page_number >> 16) & 0xff); //行位址A28
//寫入一頁資料
for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++)
{
NF_WRDATA8((char)buffer[i]);
}
NF_MECC_Lock(); //鎖定main區的ECC值
mecc0=NFMECC0; //讀取main區的ECC校驗碼
//把ECC校驗碼由字型轉換為位元組型，并儲存到全局變量數組ECCBuf中
ECCBuf[0]=(u8)(mecc0&0xff);
ECCBuf[1]=(u8)((mecc0>>8) & 0xff);
ECCBuf[2]=(u8)((mecc0>>16) & 0xff);
ECCBuf[3]=(u8)((mecc0>>24) & 0xff);
NF_SECC_UnLock(); //解鎖spare區的ECC
//把main區的ECC值寫入到spare區的前4個位元組位址内，即第2048~2051位址
for(i=0;i<4;i++)
{
NF_WRDATA8(ECCBuf[i]);
}
NF_SECC_Lock(); //鎖定spare區的ECC值
secc=NFSECC; //讀取spare區的ECC校驗碼
//把ECC校驗碼儲存到全局變量數組ECCBuf中
ECCBuf[4]=(u8)(secc&0xff);
ECCBuf[5]=(u8)((secc>>8) & 0xff);
//把spare區的ECC值繼續寫入到spare區的第2052~2053位址内
for(i=4;i<6;i++)
{
NF_WRDATA8(ECCBuf[i]);
}
NF_CMD(CMD_WRITE2); //頁寫指令周期2
NF_Delay(1000); //延時一段時間，以等待寫操作完成
NF_CMD(CMD_STATUS); //讀狀态指令
//判斷狀态值的第6位是否為1，即是否在忙，該語句的作用與NF_DETECT_RB();相同
do{
stat = NF_RDDATA8();
}while(!(stat&0x40));
NF_nFCE_H(); //關閉nandflash片選
//判斷狀态值的第0位是否為0，為0則寫操作正确，否則錯誤
if (stat & 0x1)
{
temp = NF_MarkBadBlock(page_number>>6); //标注該頁所在的塊為壞塊
if (temp == 0x21)
return 0x43; //标注壞塊失敗
else
return 0x44; //寫操作失敗
}
else
return 0x66; //寫操作成功
}
u8 stat;
u8 NF_EraseBlock(u32 block_number)
{
char stat, temp;
temp = NF_IsBadBlock(block_number); //判斷該塊是否為壞塊
if(temp == 0x33)
return 0x42; //是壞塊，傳回
NF_nFCE_L(); //打開片選
NF_CLEAR_RB(); //清RnB信号
NF_CMD(CMD_ERASE1); //擦除指令周期1
//寫入3個位址周期，從A18開始寫起
NF_ADDR((block_number << 6) & 0xff); //行位址A18~A19
NF_ADDR((block_number >> 2) & 0xff); //行位址A20~A27
NF_ADDR((block_number >> 10) & 0xff); //行位址A28
NF_CMD(CMD_ERASE2); //擦除指令周期2
NF_Delay(1000); //延時一段時間
NF_CMD(CMD_STATUS); //讀狀态指令
//判斷狀态值的第6位是否為1，即是否在忙，該語句的作用與NF_DETECT_RB();相同
do{
stat = NF_RDDATA8();
}while(!(stat&0x40));
NF_nFCE_H(); //關閉nandflash片選
//判斷狀态值的第0位是否為0，為0則擦除操作正确，否則錯誤
if (stat & 0x1)
{
temp = NF_MarkBadBlock(block_number>>6); //标注該塊為壞塊
if (temp == 0x21)
return 0x43; //标注壞塊失敗
else
return 0x44; //擦除操作失敗
}
else
return 0x66; //擦除操作成功
}
u8 NF_RamdomRead(u32 page_number, u32 add)
{
NF_nFCE_L(); //打開nandflash片選
NF_CLEAR_RB(); //清RnB信号
NF_CMD(CMD_READ1); //頁讀指令周期1
//寫入5個位址周期
NF_ADDR(0x00); //列位址A0~A7
NF_ADDR(0x00); //列位址A8~A11
NF_ADDR((page_number) & 0xff); //行位址A12~A19
NF_ADDR((page_number >> 8) & 0xff); //行位址A20~A27
NF_ADDR((page_number >> 16) & 0xff); //行位址A28
NF_CMD(CMD_READ2); //頁讀指令周期2
NF_DETECT_RB(); //等待RnB信号變高，即不忙
NF_CMD(CMD_RANDOMREAD1); //随意讀指令周期1
//頁内位址
NF_ADDR((char)(add&0xff)); //列位址A0~A7
NF_ADDR((char)((add>>8)&0x0f)); //列位址A8~A11
NF_CMD(CMD_RANDOMREAD2); //随意讀指令周期2
return NF_RDDATA8(); //讀取資料
}
u8 NF_RamdomWrite(u32 page_number, u32 add, u8 dat)
{
u8 stat;
NF_nFCE_L(); //打開nandflash片選
NF_CLEAR_RB(); //清RnB信号
NF_CMD(CMD_WRITE1); //頁寫指令周期1
//寫入5個位址周期
NF_ADDR(0x00); //列位址A0~A7
NF_ADDR(0x00); //列位址A8~A11
NF_ADDR((page_number) & 0xff); //行位址A12~A19
NF_ADDR((page_number >> 8) & 0xff); //行位址A20~A27
NF_ADDR((page_number >> 16) & 0xff); //行位址A28
NF_CMD(CMD_RANDOMWRITE); //随意寫指令
//頁内位址
NF_ADDR((char)(add&0xff)); //列位址A0~A7
NF_ADDR((char)((add>>8)&0x0f)); //列位址A8~A11
NF_WRDATA8(dat); //寫入資料
NF_CMD(CMD_WRITE2); //頁寫指令周期2
NF_Delay(1000); //延時一段時間
NF_CMD(CMD_STATUS); //讀狀态指令
//判斷狀态值的第6位是否為1，即是否在忙，該語句的作用與NF_DETECT_RB();相同
do{
stat = NF_RDDATA8();
}while(!(stat&0x40));
NF_nFCE_H(); //關閉nandflash片選
//判斷狀态值的第0位是否為0，為0則寫操作正确，否則錯誤
if (stat & 0x1)
return 0x44; //失敗
else
return 0x66; //成功
}
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