python_matplotlib分别使用plot()和scatter()畫散點圖，以及如何改變點的大小
PyQt5 結合 matplotlib 時，如何顯示其 NavigationToolbar
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x=np.linspace(-10,10,100)
y=x**2
plt.plot(x,y)
plt.show()
import sys, os, random
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('Qt5Agg')
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5 import NavigationToolbar2QT as NavigationToolbar
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from Ui_my_wave_mainform import Ui_MainWindow
import re
RUN_MY_MATPLOT = True
class MyPlotWindow(QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(MyPlotWindow, self).__init__(parent)
self.setupUi(self)
self.pushButton_plot_wave.clicked.connect(self.plot_wave)
# Create the mpl Figure and FigCanvas objects.
# 5x4 inches, 100 dots-per-inch
#
self.dpi = 100
self.fig = Figure((5.0, 4.0), dpi=self.dpi)
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.fig)
#self.canvas.setParent(self.widget_wave_plot)
# Since we have only one plot, we can use add_axes
# instead of add_subplot, but then the subplot
# configuration tool in the navigation toolbar wouldn't
# work.
#
self.axes = self.fig.add_subplot(111)
# Create the navigation toolbar, tied to the canvas
#
self.mpl_toolbar = NavigationToolbar(self.canvas, self.widget_wave_plot)
#添加繪圖到widget
self.verticalLayout_4.addWidget(self.canvas)
#添加matplot預設工具欄到widget
self.verticalLayout_4.addWidget(self.mpl_toolbar)
self.verticalLayout_4.setStretch(0, 10)
self.verticalLayout_4.setStretch(1, 1)
self.plot()
def plot_wave(self):
wavepoints1 = self.plainTextEdit_wave_points.toPlainText().replace(' ','').replace('\n','')
wavepointsBuff=self.split_text(wavepoints1,4)
data = []
for item in wavepointsBuff:
data.append(int(item,16))
x=range(0,len(data))
self.axes.clear()
self.axes.plot(x, data)
self.canvas.draw()
def split_text(self,text, length):
'''
使用正規表達式，最後不足所需長度的，直接舍棄。
'''
return re.findall(r'.{%d}' % int(length), text)
def plot(self):
wavepoints='''
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10
'''
wavepoints1 = wavepoints.replace(' ','').replace('\n','')
wavepointsBuff=self.split_text(wavepoints1,4)
data = []
for item in wavepointsBuff:
data.append(int(item,16))
x=range(0,len(data))
self.axes.plot(x, data)
self.canvas.draw()
class AppForm(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
QMainWindow.__init__(self, parent)
self.setWindowTitle('Demo: PyQt with matplotlib')
self.create_menu()
self.create_main_frame()
self.create_status_bar()
self.textbox.setText('1 2 3 4')
self.on_draw()
def save_plot(self):
file_choices = "PNG (*.png)|*.png"
path = QFileDialog.getSaveFileName(self,
'Save file', '',
file_choices)
if path:
self.canvas.print_figure(path, dpi=self.dpi)
self.statusBar().showMessage('Saved to %s' % path, 2000)
def on_about(self):
msg = """ A demo of using PyQt with matplotlib:
* Use the matplotlib navigation bar
* Add values to the text box and press Enter (or click "Draw")
* Show or hide the grid
* Drag the slider to modify the width of the bars
* Save the plot to a file using the File menu
* Click on a bar to receive an informative message
"""
QMessageBox.about(self, "About the demo", msg.strip())
def on_pick(self, event):
# The event received here is of the type
# matplotlib.backend_bases.PickEvent
#
# It carries lots of information, of which we're using
# only a small amount here.
#
box_points = event.artist.get_bbox().get_points()
msg = "You've clicked on a bar with coords:\n %s" % box_points
QMessageBox.information(self, "Click!", msg)
def on_draw(self):
""" Redraws the figure
"""
#str = unicode(self.textbox.text())
self.data = list(map(int, self.textbox.text().split()))
x = range(len(self.data))
# clear the axes and redraw the plot anew
#
self.axes.clear()
self.axes.grid(self.grid_cb.isChecked())
self.axes.bar(x=x,
height=self.data,
width=self.slider.value() / 100.0,
align='center',
alpha=0.44,
picker=5)
self.canvas.draw()
def create_main_frame(self):
self.main_frame = QWidget()
# Create the mpl Figure and FigCanvas objects.
# 5x4 inches, 100 dots-per-inch
#
self.dpi = 100
self.fig = Figure((5.0, 4.0), dpi=self.dpi)
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.fig)
self.canvas.setParent(self.main_frame)
# Since we have only one plot, we can use add_axes
# instead of add_subplot, but then the subplot
# configuration tool in the navigation toolbar wouldn't
# work.
#
self.axes = self.fig.add_subplot(111)
# Bind the 'pick' event for clicking on one of the bars
#
self.canvas.mpl_connect('pick_event', self.on_pick)
# Create the navigation toolbar, tied to the canvas
#
self.mpl_toolbar = NavigationToolbar(self.canvas, self.main_frame)
# Other GUI controls
#
self.textbox = QLineEdit()
self.textbox.setMinimumWidth(200)
self.textbox.editingFinished.connect(self.on_draw)
self.draw_button = QPushButton("&Draw")
self.draw_button.clicked.connect(self.on_draw)
self.grid_cb = QCheckBox("Show &Grid")
self.grid_cb.setChecked(False)
self.grid_cb.stateChanged.connect(self.on_draw) #int
slider_label = QLabel('Bar width (%):')
self.slider = QSlider(Qt.Horizontal)
self.slider.setRange(1, 100)
self.slider.setValue(20)
self.slider.setTracking(True)
self.slider.setTickPosition(QSlider.TicksBothSides)
self.slider.valueChanged.connect(self.on_draw)#int
#
# Layout with box sizers
#
hbox = QHBoxLayout()
for w in [ self.textbox, self.draw_button, self.grid_cb,
slider_label, self.slider]:
hbox.addWidget(w)
hbox.setAlignment(w, Qt.AlignVCenter)
vbox = QVBoxLayout()
vbox.addWidget(self.mpl_toolbar)
vbox.addWidget(self.canvas)
vbox.addLayout(hbox)
self.main_frame.setLayout(vbox)
self.setCentralWidget(self.main_frame)
def create_status_bar(self):
self.status_text = QLabel("This is a demo")
self.statusBar().addWidget(self.status_text, 1)
def create_menu(self):
self.file_menu = self.menuBar().addMenu("&File")
load_file_action = self.create_action("&Save plot",
shortcut="Ctrl+S", slot=self.save_plot,
tip="Save the plot")
quit_action = self.create_action("&Quit", slot=self.close,
shortcut="Ctrl+Q", tip="Close the application")
self.add_actions(self.file_menu,
(load_file_action, None, quit_action))
self.help_menu = self.menuBar().addMenu("&Help")
about_action = self.create_action("&About",
shortcut='F1', slot=self.on_about,
tip='About the demo')
self.add_actions(self.help_menu, (about_action,))
def add_actions(self, target, actions):
for action in actions:
if action is None:
target.addSeparator()
else:
target.addAction(action)
def create_action( self, text, slot=None, shortcut=None,
icon=None, tip=None, checkable=False,
signal="triggered()"):
action = QAction(text, self)
if icon is not None:
action.setIcon(QIcon(":/%s.png" % icon))
if shortcut is not None:
action.setShortcut(shortcut)
if tip is not None:
action.setToolTip(tip)
action.setStatusTip(tip)
if slot is not None:
action.triggered.connect(slot)
if checkable:
action.setCheckable(True)
return action
def main():
if RUN_MY_MATPLOT:
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
myWin = MyPlotWindow()
myWin.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
else:
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
form = AppForm()
form.show()
app.exec_()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
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