通過100個單詞掌握英語文法(三十)if
[連詞]
(1)引導條件:If the soup is too thick,add water.The garment will shrink,if washed.
If you happen to pass by a newsagents,can you get me the paper?
If only I hadn\'t pressed \'Delete.\'
(2)if = when: if people look at him,he gets embarrassed.
文法結構
1 if分句, | + 分句
分句 | + if分句
If he had no money,he would sometimes sleep in the station.
Don\'t eat it if you don\'t like it.
談論可能的情況及其結果
1a if分句(現在時), | + 分句(将來時)
If you\'re not careful,you\'ll break it.
The price of oil will go up if there\'s a war.
談論将來可能的情況及其結果.(這種結構通常叫做第一條件句)
1b if分句(過去時), | + 分句(would/could 等)
If you were a parent,you\'d understand how I feel.
I would vote for the Greens if I was allowed to vote.
談論現在或将來不太可能的情況及其虛構的結果(這種結構通常叫做第二條件句)
1c if分句(過去完成時),| + 分句(would have/could have等)
It would\'ve been more fun if it hadn\'t rained.
If you\'d booked,we might\'ve got a table.
談論假想的過去情況及其結果(這種結構通常叫做第三條件句)
2 if | + so/not
Are you going into town?If so,can you give me a lift?
Check that the batteries are working.If not ,recharge them.
通過回指前面已經說到的情況來構成條件。
3 動詞 | + if 分句
I asked her if she would like a dance.
Do you know if Jan is coming to work today?
轉述一般疑問,或間接地問某人
搭配
if經常用在這些副詞後面:(but) only,even.
Ahmed said he\'ll join us in the restaurant,but only if we let him pay.
Even if he tried,he\'d never pass his exams.
if後經常接這些形容詞:possible,necessary.
If possible,we\'d like a room with a view.
The police have threatened to use force,if necessary,to remove the protestors.
在文法結構3裡,經常放if前面的動詞是:know,wonder,see,ask,doubt和remember,此外還有don\'t care,
don\'t mind,doesn\'t matter.
I wonder if dinner\'s ready.
See if this one fits.
I doubt if Dieter will agree.
I don\'t care if she\'s your sister:nobody says that to me.
Do you mind if I take this chair?
It doesn\'t matter if it rains because we can eat under the awning.
固定短語
\'if I were you...\' 我要是你的話
If I were you,I would forget all about him.
提供意見
if only ... 要是...
If only dad could have been here .He would have loved it.
If only it wasn\'t raining.
表示遺憾
\'what if ...\'如果...怎麼樣?
What if we ask your mother to babysit?
提出建議
\'if you don\'t mind/if it\'s all right with you\'如果你不介意的話
I\'ll close the window,if you don\'t mind.
If it\'s all right with you,I\'d prefer the window seat.
提出要求
