【呐喊的故事】
1892年的一天，愛德華·蒙克在奧斯陸附近散步時，天空變成了血紅色。
他回家創作了曆史上最著名的藝術作品之一（圖 1）。
但是尖叫聲尖叫的是什麼？
他後來描述了他對這張照片的靈感：
我和兩個朋友走在路上——夕陽西下——突然天空變成了血紅色——我停了下來，感到筋疲力盡，靠在栅欄上——藍黑色的峽灣和城市上空都是血和火舌 ——我的朋友們繼續往前走，我站在那兒焦急得發抖——我感覺到大自然中傳來無限的尖叫聲。
他第一次嘗試捕捉這種感覺被稱為絕望（圖 2）——注意相同的取景、構圖、人物和天空景觀。
這是一個強大的形象。 但是，與其說是恐怖，不如說是圓潤，它缺乏他的傑作那種發自内心的、熾熱的、放射性的力量。
而且它沒有他最終表述的決定性特征——那張著名的面孔，幾乎不是人類，痛苦的令人不寒而栗的景象。
在接下來的二十年裡，他又制作了四個版本的《呐喊》，其中兩個是蠟筆畫，一個是繪畫，另一個是石版畫。
【The story of The Scream】
One day in the year 1892, when Edvard Munch was going for a walk near Oslo, the sky turned blood red.
He went home and created one of the most famous works of art in history (Picture 1).
But what is The Scream screaming about?
He later described his inspiration for the image:
I was walking along the road with two friends – the sun was setting – suddenly the sky turned blood red – I paused, feeling exhausted, and leaned on the fence – there was blood and tongues of fire above the blue-black fjord and the city – my friends walked on, and I stood there trembling with anxiety – and I sensed an infinite scream passing through nature.
His first attempt at capturing this feeling was called Despair (Picture 2) - notice the same framing, composition, characters, and skyscape.
It's a powerful image. But, more mellow than horrifying, it lacks the visceral, blistering, radioactive power of his masterpiece.
And it doesn't have the defining feature of his final formulation - that famous face, barely human, a chilling vision of anguish.
Over the next two decades he made four more versions of The Scream, two of them pastel drawings, one a painting, and the other a lithograph.
