2021 最新 Nginx 常用配置清單

Nginx 是一個高性能的 HTTP 和反向代理 web 伺服器，同時也提供了 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 服務，其因豐富的功能集、穩定性、示例配置檔案和低系統資源的消耗受到了開發者的歡迎。

本文，我們總結了一些常用的 Nginx 配置代碼，希望對大家有所幫助。

偵聽端口

server {
# Standard HTTP Protocol
listen 80;
# Standard HTTPS Protocol
listen 443 ssl;
# For http2
listen 443 ssl http2;
# Listen on 80 using IPv6
listen [::]:80;
# Listen only on using IPv6
listen [::]:80 ipv6only=on;
}      

通路日志

server {
# Relative or full path to log file
access_log /path/to/file.log;
# Turn 'on' or 'off'  
access_log on;
}      

域名

server {
# Listen to yourdomain.com
server_name yourdomain.com;
# Listen to multiple domains server_name yourdomain.com www.yourdomain.com;
# Listen to all domains
server_name *.yourdomain.com;
# Listen to all top-level domains
server_name yourdomain.*;
# Listen to unspecified Hostnames (Listens to IP address itself)
server_name "";
}      

靜态資産

server {
listen 80;
server_name yourdomain.com;
location / {
root /path/to/website;
}
}      

重定向

server {
listen 80;
server_name www.yourdomain.com;
return 301 http://yourdomain.com$request_uri;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.yourdomain.com;
location /redirect-url {
return 301 http://otherdomain.com;
}
}      

反向代理

server {
listen 80;
server_name yourdomain.com;
location / {
proxy_pass http://0.0.0.0:3000;
# where 0.0.0.0:3000 is your application server (Ex: node.js) bound on 0.0.0.0 listening on port 3000
}
}      

負載均衡

upstream node_js {
server 0.0.0.0:3000;
server 0.0.0.0:4000;
server 123.131.121.122;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name yourdomain.com;
location / {
proxy_pass http://node_js;
}
}      

SSL 協定

server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name yourdomain.com;
ssl on;
ssl_certificate /path/to/cert.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /path/to/privatekey.pem;
ssl_stapling on;
ssl_stapling_verify on;
ssl_trusted_certificate /path/to/fullchain.pem;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
ssl_session_timeout 1h;
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:50m;
add_header Strict-Transport-Security max-age=15768000;
}      

# Permanent Redirect for HTTP to HTTPS
server 
{
listen 80;
server_name yourdomain.com;
return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
}      

其實可以采用可視化的方式對 Nginx 進行配置，我在 GitHub 上發現了一款可以一鍵生成 Nginx 配置的神器，相當給力。

先來看看它都支援什麼功能的配置：反向代理、HTTPS、HTTP/2、IPv6, 緩存、WordPress、CDN、Node.js 支援、 Python (Django) 伺服器等等。

如果你想線上進行配置，隻需要打開網站：https://nginxconfig.io/，按照自己的需求進行操作就行了。

選擇你的場景，填寫好參數，系統就會自動生成配置檔案。

開源位址：github.com/digitalocean/nginxconfig.io

網站：digitalocean.com/community/tools/nginx