> How chronic sleep loss can increase the risk of heart disease
慢性睡眠不足如何增加患心髒病的風險
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Cutting sleep short on a regular basis may harm immune stem cells, potentially increasing the risk of inflammatory disorders and heart disease, a small new study suggests. 一項小型新研究表明，經常缺覺可能會損害免疫幹細胞，可能會增加發炎性疾病和心髒病的風險。
An analysis of blood samples from 14 healthy volunteers who agreed to have their sleep shortened by 1½ hours each night for six weeks revealed long-term changes in the way these stem cells behaved, leading to a proliferation of the white blood cells that can spark inflammation, according to the report published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine.
發表在《實驗醫學雜志》上的報告指出，在對同意六周内每晚減少一個半小時睡眠的14名志願者的血液樣本進行分析後發現，這些幹細胞的行為方式發生了長期變化，導緻可能引發發炎的白血球增生。
“The key message from this study is that sleep lessens inflammation and loss of sleep increases inflammation,” said study co-author Filip Swirski, the director of the Cardiovascular Research Institute at Icahn Mount Sinaiin New York.
“這項研究的關鍵資訊是，睡眠減少發炎，而睡眠不足增加發炎，”該研究的合著者、紐約西奈山伊坎醫學院心血管研究所所長菲利普•斯沃斯基說。
While a certain amount of inflammation is needed to fight infections and heal wounds, too much can be harmful, he explained. 他解釋說，雖然需要一定量的發炎來對抗感染和愈合傷口，但過多的發炎可能是有害的。
Overabundant, persistent inflammation has been linked to heart disease and neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer’s, he added.他補充說，過度的、持續的發炎與心髒病和阿爾茨海默症等神經退行性疾病有關。
“The real key is there are things we can do through our lifestyles — getting enough sleep, managing stress, getting enough exercise, consuming a healthy diet — that can reduce the speed of biological aging,” Swirski said. “We may not live forever, but we may live well into old age maintaining the quality of our lives by paying attention to some of these lifestyle factors.”.“真正的關鍵是我們可以通過生活方式做一些事情，比如充足的睡眠、管理壓力、充足的鍛煉、健康的飲食，這些都可以減少生物衰老的速度，”斯沃斯基說。"我們可能不會長生不老，但我們可以通過注意其中一些生活方式的因素，很好地活到老年，保持我們的生活品質。"
> Woman had 23 contact lenses stuck under her eyelid
美國一女子眼睑下卡有23片隐形眼鏡
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A woman who felt like there was “something in her eye” actually had 23 daily disposable contact lenses stuck deep underneath her eyelid, her ophthalmologist, Dr. Katerina Kurteeva, reported. 據眼科醫生凱特琳娜•庫爾提娃博士的報告，她的一位女性患者稱感覺“眼睛裡有東西”，實際上有23片日抛型隐形眼鏡深陷在她的眼睑下。
“I was just amazed myself. I was like, this is kind of crazy. I’ve never seen this before,” Kurteeva said. 庫爾提娃表示，“我當時自己也很驚訝。這太瘋狂了！以前從未見過這種情況。”
The patient, who is in her 70s, has been wearing contact lenses for 30 years.這位70多歲的病人已經戴了30年的隐形眼鏡。
“It was literally like a deck of cards,” Kurteeva recalled. “It formed a little chain link on her lid. Fortunately the woman didn’t have an infection — just mild irritation that was treated with anti-inflammatory drops — and is doing fine, Kurteeva said. 庫爾提娃回憶稱，“那簡直就像一副撲克牌，在她眼睑下形成了一個小鍊環。” 幸運的是，這名婦女沒有感染，隻是輕微的刺激，用消炎藥治療後，現在一切正常。
This is actually not the most extreme case. 實際上這不是最極端的情況。
In 2017, British doctors found 27 contact lenses in a 67-year-old woman’s eye who thought dry eye and aging caused her irritation.2017年，英國醫生在一名67歲婦女的眼睛裡發現了27枚隐形眼鏡，她認為幹眼症和衰老是導緻她過敏的原因。
The patient told Kurteeva she had no idea how this happened, but the doctor had some theories. 庫爾提娃的病人告訴她，她不知道這是怎麼發生的，但醫生有一些推測。
The woman probably thought she removed the lenses by sliding them off to the side, but actually didn’t take them out and they just kept hiding under the upper lid, she said.她說，這名婦女可能認為她通過将鏡片滑向一邊來摘除鏡片，但實際上并沒有将其取出，而是一直藏在她的眼睑下面。
In an older patient, the fornix becomes very deep, which is related to aging changes of the eye and the face, and the way the orbit atrophies, leading to sunken eyes, Kurteeva said. 庫爾提娃表示，在老年患者中，穹窿變得非常深，這與眼睛和面部的衰老變化有關，也與眼眶萎縮的方式有關，進而導緻眼睛凹陷。
The contact lenses were tucked away so deep and so far away from the cornea, the most sensitive part of the eye, that the woman didn’t feel the clump — until it became very big. 隐形眼鏡藏得很深，離角膜這個眼睛最敏感的部位很遠，是以這位女士沒感覺到結塊——直到它變大。
People who wear contacts for decades lose some of their corneal sensitivity, so that might be another reason she didn’t feel the blob, she added.戴隐形眼鏡幾十年的人會失去一些角膜敏感性，是以這可能是她感覺不到隐形眼鏡的另一個原因。
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來源：chinadaily.com.cn