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- æ°æ®æ¸ æ´æ件 pattern.py ç¨äºå®ä¹æ°æ®æ¸ æ´ç±»ï¼æ¸ æ´æ¹å¼ä¸ Scrapy æ¡æ¶ç¸ä¼¼ï¼
- æ°æ®ç¬åæ件 spider.py ç¨äºå®ä¹æ°æ®ç¬åç±»ï¼ç¬åæ¹å¼æ¯æå¼æ¥å¹¶åãURL å»éååå¸å¼ï¼
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# project: pyReptile
# author: Xy Huang
__version__ = '1.0.0'
# 导å
¥åè½æ件
from .storage import *
from .spider import *
from .pattern import *
åå§åæ件æ¯æ´ä¸ªæ¡æ¶çå ¥å£ï¼å®å¯¼å ¥äºæ´ä¸ªæ¡æ¶çåè½ãå¨ä½¿ç¨æ¡æ¶çæ¶åï¼åªéå¨åå§åæ件è°ç¨ç¸å ³çåè½æ¨¡åå³å¯ã[åè½æ件 pattern.pyãspider.py å storage.py æ¯ææ´ä¸ªæ¡æ¶çè¿è¡ï¼å ¶åçå¾å¦å¾æ示ã
pyReptile æ¡æ¶ç设计åçæ¯ä» Scrapy æ¡æ¶å SQLAlchemy æ¡æ¶åå°å¯åçï¼å ·ä½ç说æå¦ä¸ï¼
- æ°æ®ç¬åæ¹å¼ç± URL å°åçæ°æ®æ ¼å¼å³å®ï¼å¦æ URL å°åçæ°æ®æ ¼å¼ä¸ºå表ï¼pyReptile å°±ä¼æ§è¡å¼æ¥å¹¶åï¼å¹¶å°ææ请æ±çååºå 容以åè¡¨æ ¼å¼è¿åï¼å¦æä¼ å ¥ç URL å°åæ¯åç¬¦ä¸²æ ¼å¼ï¼å³åä¸ç URL å°åï¼ï¼pyReptile å°±ç´æ¥è¿åç¸åºçååºå 容ï¼å¹¶ä¸è¿æ¯æ URL å»éååå¸å¼ç¬è«åè½ã
- æ°æ®æ¸ æ´éç¨ Scrapy æ¡æ¶çæ¸ æ´æ¨¡å¼ï¼ä½¿ç¨æ¹å¼ä¸ Scrapy æ¡æ¶æä¸å®çç¸ä¼¼ä¹å¤ï¼ç®åä» æ¯æ CssSelector å Xpath å®ä½æ¹å¼ã
- æ°æ®å ¥åºæ¯æå ³ç³»åæ°æ®åºãéå ³ç³»åæ°æ®åºå CSV æ件åå¨ï¼å ³ç³»åæ°æ®åºç± SQLAlchemy æ¡æ¶å®ç°ï¼éå ³ç³»åæ°æ®åºç®åä» æ¯æ MongoDB æ°æ®åºãpyReptile ç®åå ¥åºæ¹å¼ï¼åªéå°ç¬åçæ°æ®ä»¥åå ¸æ ¼å¼ä¼ å ¥å³å¯å®ç°å ¥åºæä½ã
2. å¼æ¥ç¬åæ¹å¼
pyReptile æ¡æ¶çæ°æ®ç¬åç± Aiohttp 模åå®ç°ï¼å æ¤å®å ·å¤äºå¼æ¥å¹¶ååè½ãæä»¬å° Aiohttp 模åçæ°æ®ç¬ååè½è¿è¡å°è£ å延伸ï¼ç®åäºå ¶ä½¿ç¨æ¹å¼ï¼ä½¿ç¨è åªéè°ç¨ç¸å ³çå½æ°å¹¶ä¼ å ¥åæ°å³å¯åé HTTP 请æ±ãæå¼ spider.py æ件ï¼å¨æ件éå®ä¹ç¬è«ç±» Requestï¼ä»£ç å¦ä¸ï¼
import asyncio
import aiohttp
import redis
# 设置é»è®¤åæ°
TIMEOUT = 40
REQUEST_HEADERS = {
'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
'Accept-Language': 'en',
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.100 Safari/537.36'}
# å®ä¾å对象ï¼ç¨äºåéHTTP请æ±
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
# å®ä¹è£
饰å¨ï¼å®ç°URLå»éæåå¸å¼å¤ç
def distributes(func):
def wrapper(self, url, **kwargs):
redis_host = kwargs.get('redis_host', '')
if redis_host:
port = kwargs.get('port', 6379)
db = kwargs.get('db', 1)
redis_db = redis.Redis(host=redis_host, port=port, db=db)
redis_data_dict = 'keys'
if not redis_db.hexists(redis_data_dict, url):
redis_db.hset(redis_data_dict, url, 0)
return func(self, url, **kwargs)
else:
return {}
else:
return func(self, url, **kwargs)
return wrapper
# å®ä¹ç¬è«ç±»
class Request(object):
# å®ä¹å¼æ¥å½æ°
async def httpGet(self, url, **kwargs):
cookies = kwargs.get('cookies', {})
params = kwargs.get('params', {})
proxy = kwargs.get('proxy', '')
timeout = kwargs.get('timeout', TIMEOUT)
headers = kwargs.get('headers', REQUEST_HEADERS)
# 带代çIP
if proxy:
async with aiohttp.ClientSession(cookies=cookies) as session:
async with session.get(url, params=params, proxy=proxy, timeout=timeout, headers=headers) as response:
result = dict(
content=await response.read(),
text=await response.text(),
status=response.status,
headers=response.headers,
url=response.url
)
return result
# ä¸å¸¦ä»£çIP
else:
async with aiohttp.ClientSession(cookies=cookies) as session:
async with session.get(url, params=params, timeout=timeout, headers=headers) as response:
result = dict(
content=await response.read(),
text=await response.text(),
status=response.status,
headers=response.headers,
url=response.url
)
return result
# å®ä¹å¼æ¥å½æ°
async def httpPost(self, url, **kwargs):
cookies = kwargs.get('cookies', {})
data = kwargs.get('data', {})
proxy = kwargs.get('proxy', '')
timeout = kwargs.get('timeout', TIMEOUT)
headers = kwargs.get('headers', REQUEST_HEADERS)
if proxy:
async with aiohttp.ClientSession(cookies=cookies) as session:
async with session.post(url, data=data, proxy=proxy, timeout=timeout, headers=headers) as response:
result = dict(
content=await response.read(),
text=await response.text(),
status=response.status,
headers=response.headers,
url=response.url
)
return result
else:
async with aiohttp.ClientSession(cookies=cookies) as session:
async with session.post(url, data=data, timeout=timeout, headers=headers) as response:
result = dict(
content=await response.read(),
text=await response.text(),
status=response.status,
headers=response.headers,
url=response.url
)
return result
# å®ä¹GET请æ±æ¹å¼
@distributes
def get(self, url, **kwargs):
tasks = []
if isinstance(url, list):
for u in url:
task = asyncio.ensure_future(self.httpGet(u, **kwargs))
tasks.append(task)
result = loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.gather(*tasks))
else:
result = loop.run_until_complete(self.httpGet(url, **kwargs))
return result
# å®ä¹POST请æ±æ¹å¼
@distributes
def post(self, url, **kwargs):
tasks = []
if isinstance(url, list):
for u in url:
task = asyncio.ensure_future(self.httpPost(u, **kwargs))
tasks.append(task)
result = loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.gather(*tasks))
else:
result = loop.run_until_complete(self.httpPost(url, **kwargs))
return result
# å®ä¾åRequest对象
request = Request()
ä¸è¿°ä»£ç 主è¦å为ï¼åå§ååéãå®ä¹è£ 饰å¨ä¸å¯¹è±¡åå®ä¹ç¬è«ç±» Requestãåå§ååéä¸å¯¹è±¡æ¯è®¾ç½®ç¬è«çè¶ æ¶æ¶é´ã请æ±å¤´ä»¥åå®ä¾å对象 loopï¼è¯¥å¯¹è±¡ç¨äºåé HTTP 请æ±ï¼å®ä¹è£ 饰å¨ç¨äºç¬è«ç±» Requestï¼å®ç° URL å»éåè½æåå¸å¼åè½ãç¬è«ç±» Request ä¸å ±å®ä¹ 4 个å½æ°ï¼å½æ°çåè½è¯´æå¦ä¸ï¼
- å½æ° httpGet æ¯å®ä¹ Aiohttp çå¼æ¥ GET 请æ±å½æ°ï¼å½æ°åæ° url 以åç¬¦ä¸²æ ¼å¼è¡¨ç¤ºï¼ä»£è¡¨è¯·æ±å°å URLï¼å¯éåæ° kwargs 代表èªå®ä¹ç请æ±è®¾ç½®ï¼å¦è¯·æ±å¤´ã代ç IPãCookies ä¿¡æ¯ãè¶ æ¶å请æ±åæ°çã
- å½æ° httpGet ä¼å¯¹åæ° proxy è¿è¡å¤æï¼å¦æåæ° proxy é空ï¼Aiohttp å¨åé GET 请æ±çæ¶åï¼åå¨è¯·æ±éæ·»å åæ° proxyï¼ç±äºåæ° proxy çç¹æ®æ§ï¼å¦æåæ° proxy 为空并ä¸å¨è¯·æ±éæ·»å åæ° proxyï¼Aiohttp ä¼æ示å¼å¸¸ä¿¡æ¯ï¼å æ¤å½æ°éè¦å¯¹åæ° proxy è¿è¡å¤æå¤çãæåï¼å½æ°ä¼å°ååºå 容以åå ¸æ ¼å¼è¿åã
- å½æ° httpPost æ¯å®ä¹ Aiohttp çå¼æ¥ POST 请æ±å½æ°ï¼å½æ°åæ° url å kwargs ä¸å½æ° httpGet çåæ°åè½ä¸è´ï¼å½æ°çåè½å®ç°è¿ç¨ä¸å½æ° httpGet çç¸ä¼¼ï¼åºå«å¨äºä¸¤è ç HTTP 请æ±æ¹å¼åæä¸åã
- å½æ° get æ¯å®ä¹ç¬è«ç±» Request ç GET 请æ±æ¹å¼ï¼å½æ°åæ° url çæ°æ®æ ¼å¼å¯ä¸ºå符串æåè¡¨æ ¼å¼ï¼å¯éåæ° kwargs 代表èªå®ä¹ç请æ±è®¾ç½®ï¼å¦è¯·æ±å¤´ã代ç IPãCookies ä¿¡æ¯ãè¶ æ¶å请æ±åæ°çï¼åæ° kwargs ä¹æ¯å½æ° httpGet çåæ° kwargsã
- å½æ° get ç»è¿è£ é¥°å¨ distributes è¿æ»¤ï¼è£ 饰å¨ä»å½æ° get è·å Redis æ°æ®åºè¿æ¥åæ°ï¼å¦æ没ææ°æ®åºè¿æ¥åæ°ï¼åå¾ä¸æ§è¡å½æ° getï¼å¦æåå¨æ°æ®åºè¿æ¥åæ°ï¼åè¿æ¥ Redis æ°æ®åºå¹¶å¤æåæ° url æ¯å¦è®°å½å¨ Redis æ°æ®åºï¼è¥å·²è®°å½ï¼ä¸åæ§è¡å½æ° getï¼åä¹æ§è¡å½æ° getã
- å½æ° get 对åæ° url è¿è¡å¤æï¼å¦æ url æ¯å表ï¼å对å表è¿è¡éåï¼æ¯æ¬¡éåè°ç¨å½æ° httpGetï¼ä¼ å ¥å½åç URL å°å并添å å°ä»»å¡å表ï¼ç¶åå°ä»»å¡å表交ç»å¯¹è±¡ loop å¤çï¼å¯¹ææä»»å¡åéå¼æ¥å¹¶åç HTTP 请æ±ï¼æåå°ææ请æ±çååºå 容以åè¡¨æ ¼å¼è¿åãå¦æ url æ¯å符串ï¼åç±å¯¹è±¡ loop è°ç¨å½æ° httpGetï¼åé HTTP 请æ±å¹¶è¿åååºå 容ã
- å½æ° post æ¯å®ä¹ç¬è«ç±» Request ç POST 请æ±æ¹å¼ï¼å½æ°åæ° url å kwargs ä¸å½æ° get çåæ°åè½ä¸è´ï¼å½æ°çåè½å®ç°è¿ç¨ä¸å½æ° get çç¸ä¼¼ï¼åºå«å¨äºä¸¤è è°ç¨ç Aiohttp å¼æ¥å½æ°åæä¸åã
ä»ç¬è«ç±» Request ç代ç å¯ä»¥çå°ï¼å½æ°ä¹é´ç代ç åå¨éå¤ä½¿ç¨çæ åµï¼å 为 Aiohttp å¨ä½¿ç¨è¿ç¨ä¸éè¦ä»¥ with 模åå表示ï¼ä»è导è´ä»£ç åºç°éå¤ã
为äºæµè¯ç¬è«ç±» Request çåè½æ¯å¦æ£ç¡®ï¼æä»¬å¨ spider.py æ件ç®å½ä¸å建 spiderTest.py æ件ï¼å¹¶å¨æ件éç¼ååè½æµè¯ä»£ç ï¼å¦ä¸æ示ï¼
from spider import request
# GET请æ±
from spider import request
# GET请æ±
url = 'http://httpbin.org/get'
# url = ['http://httpbin.org/get']
params = {
'pyReptile': 'spiderGet'
}
cookies = {
'pyReptile': 'spiderCookies'
}
# URLå»éæåå¸å¼ï¼è®¾ç½®Redisæ°æ®åºè¿æ¥åæ°
redis_host = '127.0.0.1'
r = request.get(url, params=params, cookies=cookies,
redis_host=redis_host)
print(r.get('text', ''))
# print(r[0]['text'])
# POST请æ±
url = 'http://httpbin.org/post'
# url = ['http://httpbin.org/post']
data = {
'pyReptile': 'spiderPost'
}
cookies = {
'pyReptile': 'spiderCookies'
}
r = request.post(url, data=data, cookies=cookies)
print(r.get('text', ''))
# print(r[0]['text'])
ä¸è¿°ä»£ç ç®åæ¼ç¤ºäº pyReptile æ¡æ¶ç GET å POST 请æ±ï¼ä½¿ç¨æ¹æ³ä¸ Requests 模åç¸ä¼¼ï¼ä½å¨åé HTTP 请æ±çæ¶åï¼pyReptile æ¡æ¶ä¼æ ¹æ®åæ° url çæ°æ®æ ¼å¼èæ§è¡ç¸åºç请æ±å¤çï¼è¿ä¸ä¼å¿æ¯ Requests 模åæ æ³æ¯æçãè¿è¡ä¸è¿°ä»£ç å°±ä¼åå«è¾åº GET å POST 请æ±çååºå 容ï¼å¦å¾æ示ã
ä¸è¿°æµè¯ä»£ç ä¸ï¼GET 请æ±è®¾ç½®æ°æ®åºè¿æ¥åæ° redis_hostï¼å½å次è¿è¡ä¸è¿°ä»£ç æ¶å°±ä¸åæ§è¡ GET 请æ±ï¼æå¼ RedisDesktopManager æ¥ç Redis æ°æ®åºï¼æ¥çæ°æ®åºæè®°å½ç URL å°åï¼å¦å¾æ示ã
3. æ°æ®æ¸ æ´æºå¶
pyReptile æ¡æ¶çæ°æ®æ¸ æ´ç± BeautifulSoup4 å lxml 模åå®ç°ï¼ä½¿ç¨è åªéè°ç¨ç¸å ³çå½æ°å¹¶ä¼ å ¥ç¸åºçåæ°å³å¯æ¸ æ´æ°æ®ãæå¼ pattern.py æ件ï¼å¨æ件éå®ä¹æ°æ®æ¸ æ´ç±» DataPatternï¼ä»£ç å¦ä¸ï¼
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import lxml
from lxml.html.soupparser import fromstring as soup_parse
class DataPattern(object):
def cssSelector(self, response, selector, **kwargs):
parser = kwargs.get('parser', 'html.parser')
tempList = []
soup = BeautifulSoup(response, parser)
temp = soup.select(selector=selector)
for i in temp:
tempList.append(i.getText())
return tempList
def xpath(self,response,selector, **kwargs):
parser = kwargs.get('parser', 'html.parser')
try:
soup = soup_parse(response, features=parser)
except:
soup = lxml.html.fromstring(response)
temp = soup.xpath(selector)
tempList = []
for i in temp:
tempList.append(i.text)
return tempList
dataPattern = DataPattern()
æ°æ®æ¸ æ´ç±» DataPattern å®ä¹äºå½æ° cssSelector() å xpath()ï¼ä¸¤ä¸ªå½æ°çåæ°è¯´æå¦ä¸ï¼
- åæ° response 代表 HTTP 请æ±çååºå 容ï¼
- åæ° selector 代表ç®æ æ°æ®çå®ä½æ¹æ³ï¼å®ä½æ¹æ³éç¨ 5CssSelector æ Xpath è¯æ³ï¼
- å¯éåæ° kwargs æ¯èªå®ä¹è®¾ç½®ï¼å¦åæ° parser å¯èªå®ä¹éæ© HTML 解æå¨ï¼è¥æ 对åæ° parser è¿è¡è®¾ç½®ï¼åé»è®¤ä½¿ç¨ Python æ ååºç HTML 解æå¨ââhtml.parserã
å½æ° cssSelector() å xpath() å®ç°æ°æ®æ¸ æ´å¤çï¼å ·ä½çå®ç°è¿ç¨å¦ä¸ï¼
- ä»å¯éåæ° kwargs è·ååæ° parserï¼å¦æ parser çåæ°å¼ä¸ºç©ºï¼åé»è®¤ä½¿ç¨ html.parser ä½ä¸ºè§£æå¨ï¼å°åæ° response çåæ°å¼è¿è¡ HTML 解æ并çæ soup 对象ã
- ç±åæ° selector 对 soup 对象è¿è¡å®ä½åæ¥æ¾ï¼ä»ä¸æ¾åºç¬¦åæ¡ä»¶çæ°æ®å¯¹è±¡ tempã
- éå循ç¯å¯¹è±¡ tempï¼è·å对象 temp çæ°æ®å 容并åå ¥å表 tempListï¼åå°å表ä½ä¸ºå½æ°è¿åå¼ã
- å°æ°æ®æ¸ æ´ç±» DataPattern è¿è¡å®ä¾åï¼çæ对象 dataPatternï¼ç¨äºå¼åè çè°ç¨ã
为äºæµè¯æ°æ®æ¸ æ´ç±» DataPattern çåè½æ¯å¦æ£ç¡®ï¼å¨ pattern.py æ件ç®å½ä¸å建 patternTest.py æ件ï¼å¹¶å¨æ件éç¼ååè½æµè¯ä»£ç ï¼å¦ä¸æ示ï¼
from pattern import dataPattern
from spider import request
url = 'https://movie.douban.com/subject/3168101/comments'
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64)
AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko)
Chrome/70.0.3538.67 Safari/537.36'
}
r = request.get(url, headers=headers)
# cssSelector
title = dataPattern.cssSelector(r['text'], '#content > h1')
print(title)
selector = 'div.comment> p > span'
comment=dataPattern.cssSelector(r['text'],selector,parser='html5lib')
print(len(comment))
# xpath
title = dataPattern.xpath(r['text'], '//*[@id="content"]/h1')
print(title)
selector = '//*[@id="comments"]//p//span'
comment = dataPattern.xpath(r['text'], selector, parser='html5lib')
print(len(comment))
ä¸è¿°ä»£ç 使ç¨ç¬è«ç±» Request åè±ç£çµå½±è¯è®ºé¡µåé HTTP 请æ±ï¼å¹¶å°ååºå 容交ç»æ°æ®æ¸ æ´å¯¹è±¡ dataPattern è¿è¡æ¸ æ´å¤çï¼ä»ååºå 容ä¸åå«æåçµå½±æ é¢åè¯è®ºå 容ãç±äºè¯è®ºå 容è¾å¤ï¼æ们åªè¾åºçµå½±æ é¢åè¯è®ºæ»æ°ï¼å¦å¾æ示ã
4. æ°æ®åå¨æºå¶
pyReptile æ¡æ¶çæ°æ®åå¨æ¯éç¨ SQLAlchemy æ¡æ¶ãpymongo å csv 模åå®ç°çï¼åå«æä¾äºä¸ç§ä¸åçæ°æ®åå¨æ¹å¼ï¼å¨ä½¿ç¨è¿ç¨ä¸åªé设置æ°æ®åå¨æ¹å¼åè°ç¨ç¸å ³æ¹æ³å³å¯å®ç°æ°æ®åå¨å¤çãæå¼ storage.py æ件ï¼å¨æ件éå®ä¹æ°æ®åå¨ç±» DataStorageï¼ä»£ç å¦ä¸ï¼
from sqlalchemy import *
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from pymongo import MongoClient
import csv
import os
Base = declarative_base()
# å®ä¹æ°æ®åå¨ç±»DataStorage
class DataStorage(object):
def __init__(self, CONNECTION, **kwargs):
self.databaseType = kwargs.get('databaseType', 'CSV')
# æ ¹æ®åæ°databaseTypeéæ©åå¨æ¹å¼ï¼é»è®¤CSVæ件åå¨
if self.databaseType == 'SQL':
# æ ¹æ®å段å建æ å°ç±»åæ°æ®è¡¨
self.field()
tablename = kwargs.get('tablename', self.__class__.__name__)
self.table = self.table(tablename)
self.DBSession = self.connect(CONNECTION)
elif self.databaseType == 'NoSQL':
self.DBSession = self.connect(CONNECTION)
else:
self.path = CONNECTION
# å®ä¹æ°æ®è¡¨å段
def field(self):
# self.name = Column(String(50))
pass
# è¿æ¥æ°æ®åºï¼çæDBSession对象
def connect(self, CONNECTION):
# è¿æ¥å
³ç³»åæ°æ®åº
if self.databaseType == 'SQL':
engine = create_engine(CONNECTION)
DBSession = sessionmaker(bind=engine)()
Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
# è¿æ¥éå
³ç³»åæ°æ®åº
else:
info = CONNECTION.split('/')
# è¿æ¥Mongoæ°æ®åº
connection = MongoClient(
info[0],
int(info[1])
)
db = connection[info[2]]
DBSession = db[info[3]]
return DBSession
# å®ä¹æ å°ç±»
def table(self, tablename):
class TempTable(Base):
__tablename__ = tablename
id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)
# å°ç±»å±äºè¿è¡å¤æï¼ç¬¦åsqlalchemyçå段åå®ä¹å°æ°æ®æ å°ç±»
for k, v in self.__dict__.items():
if isinstance(v, Column):
setattr(TempTable, k, v)
return TempTable
# æå
¥æ°æ®
def insert(self, value):
# å
³ç³»åæ°æ®åºçæ°æ®æå
¥
if self.databaseType == 'SQL':
self.DBSession.execute(self.table.__table__.insert(), value)
self.DBSession.commit()
# éå
³ç³»åæ°æ®åºçæ°æ®æå
¥
elif self.databaseType == 'NoSQL':
# å¤æåæ°valueçæ°æ®ç±»åï¼éæ©åæ¡æ°æ®è¿æ¯å¤æ¡æ°æ®æå
¥
if isinstance(value, list):
self.DBSession.insert_many(value)
else:
self.DBSession.insert(value)
# æ´æ°æ°æ®
def update(self, value, condition={}):
# å
³ç³»åæ°æ®åºçæ°æ®æ´æ°
if self.databaseType == 'SQL':
# æ´æ°æ¡ä»¶åªè®¾ç½®äºå个æ¡ä»¶
if condition:
c = self.table.__dict__[list(condition.keys())[0]].in_(list(condition.values()))
self.DBSession.execute(self.table.__table__.update().where(c).values(), value)
# å
¨è¡¨æ´æ°
else:
self.DBSession.execute(self.table.__table__.update().values(), value)
self.DBSession.commit()
# éå
³ç³»åæ°æ®åºçæ°æ®æ´æ°
elif self.databaseType == 'NoSQL':
self.DBSession.update_many(condition, {'$set': value})
# æ件ä¸è½½
def getfile(self, content, filepath):
with open(filepath, 'wb') as code:
code.write(content)
# æ°æ®åå
¥CSVæ件
def writeCSV(self, value, title=[]):
# åæ°title为空å表ï¼åå°åå
¸çkeysè¿è¡æåºå¹¶ä½ä¸ºCSVçæ é¢
if not title:
title = sorted(value[0].keys())
# å¤ææ件æ¯å¦åå¨ï¼
pathExists = os.path.exists(self.path)
with open(self.path, 'a', newline='') as csv_file:
csv_writer = csv.writer(csv_file)
# æ件ä¸åå¨ï¼ååå
¥æ é¢
if not pathExists:
csv_writer.writerow(title)
# å°æ°æ®åå
¥CSVæ件
for v in value:
valueList = []
for t in title:
valueList.append(v[t])
csv_writer.writerow(valueList)
æ°æ®åå¨ç±» DataStorage å®ä¹ 8 个æ¹æ³ï¼åå«æ¯åå§åæ¹æ³ __init__()ãç±»æ¹æ³ field()ãconnect()ãtable()ãinsert()ãupdate()ãgetfile() å writeCSV()ï¼æ¯ä¸ªæ¹æ³æå®ç°çåè½è¯´æå¦ä¸ã
(1) åå§åæ¹æ³__init__() æ ¹æ®åæ° databaseType æ¥æ§è¡ç¸åºçæ°æ®åå¨æ¹å¼ï¼æ¯ç§æ°æ®åå¨æ¹å¼è¯´æå¦ä¸ï¼
- å¦æåæ° databaseType 设为 SQLï¼å说ææ°æ®åå¨æ¹å¼ä¸ºå ³ç³»åæ°æ®åºãåå§åæ¹æ³ä¼ä»å¯éåæ° kwargs éè·ååæ° tablenameï¼å¦æåæ° tablename ä¸åå¨ï¼åç±åç±»çååä½ä¸ºæ°æ®è¡¨ç表åï¼ç¶åè°ç¨ç±»æ¹æ³ field()ï¼ä»ç±»æ¹æ³ field() éè·åèªå®ä¹çå段å±æ§ï¼ç¨äºå®ä¹æ°æ®è¡¨æ å°ç±»ï¼åè°ç¨ç±»æ¹æ³ table() æ¥å建æ°æ®è¡¨æ å°ç±»ï¼å¹¶ä»¥ç±»å±æ§ table 表示ï¼æåè°ç¨ç±»æ¹æ³ connect() è¿è¡æ°æ®åºè¿æ¥ï¼å°æ°æ®åºè¿æ¥å¯¹è±¡è¿å并以类å±æ§ DBSession 表示ã
- å¦æåæ° databaseType 设为 NoSQLï¼å说ææ°æ®åå¨æ¹å¼ä¸ºéå ³ç³»åæ°æ®åºãåå§åæ¹æ³åªè°ç¨ç±»æ¹æ³ connect() 并æåæ° CONNECTION ä¼ å ¥ï¼å®ç°æ°æ®åºè¿æ¥ï¼å°æ°æ®åºè¿æ¥å¯¹è±¡è¿å并以类å±æ§ DBSession 表示ã
- å¦æåæ° databaseType 设为 CSV æ没æ设置åæ° databaseTypeï¼å说ææ°æ®åå¨æ¹å¼ä¸º CSV æ件åå¨ãåå§åæ¹æ³å°åæ° CONNECTION èµå¼ç»ç±»å±æ§ pathï¼ç±»å±æ§ path 代表 CSV æ件路å¾ä¿¡æ¯ã
(2) ç±»æ¹æ³ field() 让å¼åè èªå®ä¹æ°æ®è¡¨å段ï¼ä¸»è¦ç¨äºå ³ç³»åæ°æ®åºçåå¨æ¹å¼ãå¨ä½¿ç¨è¿ç¨ä¸ï¼éè¿å类继æ¿æ°æ®åå¨ç±» DataStorageï¼å¨åç±»ééåç±»æ¹æ³ field() å³å¯å®ç°èªå®ä¹è¡¨å段ã
(3) ç±»æ¹æ³ connect() æ ¹æ®åæ° databaseType æ¥éæ©ç¸åºçæ°æ®åºè¿æ¥æ¹å¼ãå¦æ使ç¨å ³ç³»åæ°æ®åºï¼åä½¿ç¨ SQLAlchemy æ¡æ¶å®ç°æ°æ®åºè¿æ¥ï¼åä¹åä½¿ç¨ pymongo 模åè¿æ¥ MongoDBã
(4) ç±»æ¹æ³ table() å®ä¹æ°æ®è¡¨æ å°ç±» TempTableï¼æ å°ç±»ä¼é»è®¤åå»ºä¸»é® IDï¼ç¶åéåæ°æ®åå¨ç±» DataStorage çç±»å±æ§ï¼å¹¶å¯¹æ¯ä¸ªç±»å±æ§çæ°æ®ç±»åè¿è¡å¤æï¼å¦æç±»å±æ§æ¯ Column 对象ï¼å³ SQLAlchemy ç表å段对象ï¼ï¼åä½¿ç¨ Python å ç½®æ¹æ³ setattr() å°ç±»å±äºåå ¥æ°æ®è¡¨æ å°ç±» TempTableã
(5) ç±»æ¹æ³ insert() å®ç°æ°æ®å ¥åºåè½ï¼æ¯æå ³ç³»ååéå ³ç³»åæ°æ®åºçæ°æ®å ¥åºæä½ãæå ¥çæ°æ®å¿ é¡»æ¯åå ¸æ ¼å¼ï¼å¹¶ä¸åå ¸ç key å¿ é¡»ä¸ºè¡¨å段ãåæ° value å¯ä»¥æ¯å表æåå ¸å½¢å¼ï¼è¥æ¯ä»¥åå ¸è¡¨ç¤ºï¼åæå ¥åæ¡æ°æ®ï¼è¥æ¯ä»¥å表表示ï¼åæå ¥å¤æ¡æ°æ®ã
(6) ç±»æ¹æ³ update() å®ç°æ°æ®æ´æ°åè½ï¼æ¯æå ³ç³»ååéå ³ç³»åæ°æ®åºçæ°æ®æ´æ°æä½ãåæ° value å¿ é¡»æ¯åå ¸æ ¼å¼ï¼å¹¶ä¸åå ¸ç key å¿ é¡»ä¸ºè¡¨å段ï¼åæ° condition æ¯æ´æ°æ¡ä»¶ï¼å®çé»è®¤å¼ä¸º Noneï¼å¦æåæ°å¼ä¸º Noneï¼åå¯¹å ¨è¡¨æ°æ®è¿è¡æ´æ°å¤çï¼åä¹å¯¹ç¬¦åæ¡ä»¶çæ°æ®è¿è¡æ´æ°å¤çã
(7) ç±»æ¹æ³ getfile() å®ç°æ件ä¸è½½åè½ï¼åæ° content 代表æ件å 容ï¼åæ° filepath 代表æ件æä¿åçç»å¯¹è·¯å¾ã
(8) ç±»æ¹æ³ writeCSV() å®ç° CSV æ件åå¨æ°æ®åè½ï¼åæ° title 代表æ件表头å 容ï¼å¦æåæ°å¼ä¸ºç©ºï¼å以åæ° value é¦ä¸ªå ç´ ç keys ä½ä¸ºè¡¨å¤´å 容ï¼åæ° title 以å表表示ï¼å表å ç´ å³å®äºæ°æ®åå ¥é¡ºåºï¼åæ° value æ¯å¾ åå¨çæ°æ®å 容ï¼ä¹æ¯ä»¥å表表示ï¼æ¯ä¸ªå表å ç´ æ¯ä»¥åå ¸è¡¨ç¤ºã
综åä¸è¿°ï¼ç±»æ¹æ³ field()ãconnect() å table() 主è¦ç¨äºåå§åæ¹æ³__init__()ï¼ä¸ºåå§åæ¹æ³__init__() åå«æä¾æ°æ®è¡¨å段ãæ°æ®åºè¿æ¥å¯¹è±¡ DBSession åæ°æ®è¡¨æ å°ç±» TempTableï¼ç±»æ¹æ³ insert() å update() æ¯å®ç°æ°æ®åºçæ°æ®æä½ï¼å¦æ°æ®çæ°å¢æä¿®æ¹ï¼ï¼getfile() å writeCSV() åå«å®ç°æ件ä¸è½½åè½å CSV æ件åå¨æ°æ®åè½ã
为äºéªè¯æ°æ®åå¨ç±» DataStorage çåè½æ¯å¦æ£ç¡®ï¼å¨ storage.py æ件ç®å½ä¸å建ä¸ä¸ªæµè¯æ件 storageTest-CSV.pyãstorageTest-NoSQL.py å storageTest-SQL.pyï¼åå«éªè¯ä¸ç§æ°æ®åå¨æ¹å¼ã
é¦å å建并æå¼ storageTest-CSV.pyï¼å¨æ件éç¼ååè½æµè¯ä»£ç ï¼éªè¯ CSV æ件åå¨æ°æ®åè½ï¼å¦ä¸æ示ï¼
from storage import *
if __name__ == '__main__':
CONNECTION = 'data.csv'
# å¾
åå¨æ°æ®personInfo
personInfo = [{'name': 'Lucy', 'age': '21', 'address': 'å京å¸'},
{'name': 'Lily', 'age': '18', 'address': 'ä¸æµ·å¸'}]
# å®ä¾åæ°æ®åå¨ç±»DataStorage
database = DataStorage(CONNECTION)
# è°ç¨writeCSV()å®ç°CSVæ件åå¨
# database.writeCSV(personInfo)
database.writeCSV(personInfo, title=['name', 'age', 'address'])
åé CONNECTION æ¯ CSV æ件路å¾ä¿¡æ¯ï¼å¨å®ä¾åæ°æ®åå¨ç±» DataStorage çæ¶åä¼ å ¥åé CONNECTION å³å¯å°æ°æ®åå¨æ¹å¼é为 CSV æ件åå¨ï¼æ 须设置åæ° databaseTypeãå®ä¾å对象 database è°ç¨ writeCSV() æ¹æ³å³å¯å®ç° CSV æ件åå¨æ°æ®åè½ã
è¿è¡ä¸è¿°ä»£ç ï¼å¹¶æ§å¶åæ° title çä¼ å ¥æ¹å¼ï¼åå«æ¥çåæ° title çä¼ å ¥æ¯å¦å¯¹æ件åå¨çé æå½±åï¼å¦å¾æ示ã
æ¥çå建并æå¼ storageTest-NoSQL.pyï¼å¨æ件éç¼ååè½æµè¯ä»£ç ï¼éªè¯éå ³ç³»åæ°æ®åºçæ°æ®åå¨åè½ï¼å¦ä¸æ示ï¼
from storage import *
if __name__ == '__main__':
CONNECTION = 'localhost/27017/test/storage_db'
# å®ä¾åæ°æ®åå¨ç±»DataStorage
database = DataStorage(CONNECTION, databaseType='NoSQL')
# æå
¥å¤æ¡æ°æ®
personInfo = [{'name': 'Lucy', 'age': '21', 'address': 'å京å¸'},
{'name': 'Lily', 'age': '18', 'address': 'ä¸æµ·å¸'}]
database.insert(personInfo)
# æå
¥åæ¡æ°æ®
value = {'name': 'Tom', 'age': '21', 'address': 'å京å¸'}
database.insert(value)
# æ´æ°æ°æ®
condition = {'name': 'Lucy'}
updateInfo = {'name': 'Lucy', 'age': '22', 'address': '广å·å¸'}
database.update(updateInfo, condition)
åé CONNECTION æ¯ MongoDB çè¿æ¥æ¹å¼ï¼å¨å®ä¾åæ°æ®åå¨ç±» DataStorage çæ¶åï¼ä¼ å ¥åé CONNECTION 并设置åæ° databaseType 为 NoSQL å³å¯éæ©éå ³ç³»åæ°æ®åºçæ°æ®åå¨åè½ãå®ä¾å对象 database è°ç¨ insert() å update() æ¹æ³ï¼åå«å®ç°å¤æ¡æ°æ®æå ¥ãåæ¡æ°æ®æå ¥åæ°æ®æ´æ°åè½ã
è¿è¡ä¸è¿°ä»£ç ä¹åï¼å¨ MongoDB çå¯è§åå·¥å ·éæä½ MongoDBï¼å建æ°æ®åº testã代ç è¿è¡æååï¼å¨å¯è§åå·¥å ·éæ¥çæ°æ®åº test ç storage_db éåï¼è¯¥éåçæ°æ®ä¿¡æ¯å¦å¾æ示ã
æåå建并æå¼ storageTest-SQL.pyï¼å¨æ件éç¼ååè½æµè¯ä»£ç ï¼éªè¯å ³ç³»åæ°æ®åºçæ°æ®åå¨åè½ï¼å¦ä¸æ示ï¼
from storage import *
# å®ä¹æ°æ®è¡¨personinfo
class PersonInfo(DataStorage):
def field(self):
# å®ä¹æ°æ®è¡¨å段
# self.name = Column(String(50))
self.name = Column(String(50), comment='å§å')
self.age = Column(String(50), comment='å¹´é¾')
self.address = Column(String(50), comment='å°å')
# å®ä¹æ°æ®è¡¨schoolinfo
class SchoolInfo(DataStorage):
def field(self):
# å®ä¹æ°æ®è¡¨å段
# self.name = Column(String(50))
self.school = Column(String(50), comment='å¦æ ¡')
self.name = Column(String(50), comment='å§å')
if __name__=='__main__':
CONNECTION = 'mysql+pymysql://root:1234@localhost/storage_db?charset=utf8mb4'
person = PersonInfo(CONNECTION, databaseType='SQL')
school = SchoolInfo(CONNECTION, databaseType='SQL')
# 对personInfo表æå
¥å¤æ¡æ°æ®
personInfo = [{'name': 'Lucy', 'age': '21', 'address': 'å京å¸'},
{'name': 'Lily', 'age': '18', 'address': 'ä¸æµ·å¸'}]
person.insert(personInfo)
# 对schoolInfo表æå
¥åæ¡æ°æ®
schoolInfo = {'name': 'Lucy', 'school': 'æ¸
å大å¦'}
school.insert(schoolInfo)
# 对personInfo表æ´æ°æ°æ®
condition = {'id': 1}
personInfo = {'name': 'Lucy', 'age': '22', 'address': '广å·å¸'}
person.update(personInfo, condition)
# 对schoolInfo表æ´æ°æ°æ®
schoolInfo = {'name': 'Lucy', 'school': 'å京大å¦'}
school.update(schoolInfo, condition)
ä¸è¿°ä»£ç åå«å®ä¹äºæ°æ®åå¨ç±» PersonInfo å SchoolInfoï¼ä¸¤è éè¿éåç±»æ¹æ³ field() æ¥å®ç°è¡¨å段çå®ä¹ãå¨æ件ä¸çè¿è¡å½æ° __main__ åå«å¯¹ç±» PersonInfo å SchoolInfo è¿è¡å®ä¾åï¼ç±äºå类继æ¿äºç¶ç±» DataStorage çåå§åæ¹æ³ï¼å æ¤æ°æ®åå¨ç±» PersonInfo å SchoolInfo å¨å®ä¾åçæ¶åä¼å®ä¹æ°æ®è¡¨æ å°ç±»åå建æ°æ®è¡¨è¿æ¥å¯¹è±¡ï¼æåå®ä¾å对象 person å school åå«è°ç¨ insert() å update() æ¹æ³ï¼å®ç°æ°æ®çå ¥åºåæ´æ°å¤çã
ä»ä½¿ç¨æ¹å¼åç°ï¼å ³ç³»åæ°æ®åºç使ç¨æ¹å¼ä¸åäºéå ³ç³»åæ°æ®åºå CSV æ件ï¼åè æ¯éè¿å®ä¹å类并继æ¿æ°æ®åå¨ç±» DataStorageï¼åå®ä¾åå类并è°ç¨ç¸å ³çæ¹æ³ï¼ä»èå®ç°æ°æ®åå¨åè½ï¼èéå ³ç³»åæ°æ®åºå CSV æ件æ¯ç´æ¥å®ä¾åæ°æ®åå¨ç±» DataStorage 并è°ç¨ç¸å ³çæ¹æ³ã
è¿è¡ä¸è¿°ä»£ç ï¼å¹¶æå¼æ°æ®åº storage_db æ¥çæ°æ®è¡¨ schoolinfo å personinfo çæ°æ®ä¿¡æ¯ï¼å¦å¾æ示ã
5. å®æï¼ç¬åè±ç£çµå½±
ç¸ä¿¡è¯»è 对 pyReptile æ¡æ¶è®¾è®¡å·²æä¸å®çäºè§£ï¼æ们éè¿ä¸ä¸ªå®æ项ç®æ¥è®²è¿°å¦ä½ä½¿ç¨ pyReptile æ¡æ¶å®ç°ç¬è«å¼åã以è±ç£çµå½±ä¸ºä¾ï¼éåæä¸é¨çµå½±ä½ä¸ºç¬å对象ï¼åå«ç¬åçµå½±ä¿¡æ¯åçµå½±è¯è®ºãå¨çµå½±ä¿¡æ¯é¡µéåå«ç¬åçµå½±å称åå§æ ç®ä»ï¼å¦å¾æ示ã
ç¶åå¨æµè§å¨ä¸æå¼çµå½±è¯è®ºé¡µï¼åå«ç¬åç¨æ·ååè¯è®ºå 容ï¼å¦å¾æ示ã
ç¬åçæ°æ®çå¯ä»å¼åè å·¥å · Network é项å¡ç Doc åç±»æ ç¾éæ¾å°æ°æ®ä½ç½®ï¼æ¬èä¸å讲述ç½é¡µç»æçåæè¿ç¨ãæä»¬å° pyReptile æ¡æ¶æ¾ç½®å¨ Python å®è£ ç®å½ç site-packages æ件夹ï¼è¿æ¯å° pyReptile æ¡æ¶ä»¥ç¬¬ä¸æ¹åºçå½¢å¼å®è£ å¨ Python éï¼å¦å¾æ示ã
å®æ pyReptile æ¡æ¶å®è£ åï¼å¨ D çä¸å建æ件夹 doubanSpiderï¼å¹¶å¨æ件夹éåå«å建 fields.py å spider.py æ件ãæ件夹 doubanSpider æ¯é¡¹ç®çæ件ç®å½ï¼å¦å¾æ示ã
æå¼ fields.py æ件ï¼åå«å®ä¹æ°æ®åå¨ç±» MovieComment å MovieInfoï¼ä¸¤è çç»§æ¿ pyReptile æ¡æ¶çæ°æ®åå¨ç±» DataStorageãå¨èªå®ä¹çæ°æ®åå¨ç±»ä¸ï¼éåç±»æ¹æ³ field() 并å¨ç±»æ¹æ³éèªå®ä¹ç±»å±æ§ï¼æ¯ä¸ªèªå®ä¹çç±»å±æ§ä»£è¡¨æ°æ®è¡¨ç表å段ï¼ä»£ç å¦ä¸ï¼
from pyReptile.storage import *
# å®ä¹çµå½±ä¿¡æ¯è¡¨çå段
class MovieComment(DataStorage):
def field(self):
# å®ä¹æ°æ®è¡¨å段
self.movieId = Column(String(50), comment='çµå½±ID')
self.user = Column(String(50), comment='ç¨æ·å')
self.comment = Column(String(3000), comment='è¯è®ºå
容')
# å®ä¹çµå½±è¯è®ºè¡¨çå段
class MovieInfo(DataStorage):
def field(self):
# å®ä¹æ°æ®è¡¨å段
self.movieId = Column(String(50), comment='çµå½±ID')
self.name = Column(String(50), comment='çµå½±å称')
self.summary = Column(String(3000), comment='å§æ
ç®ä»')
æåå¨ spider.py æ件éç¼åå ·ä½çç¬è«è§åï¼æ°æ®åå¨ä»è´¨éæ© MySQL æ°æ®åºï¼ç¬åæ°æ®æ¯æé¨çµå½±çåºæ¬ä¿¡æ¯ååå页çè¯è®ºå 容ãå®ç°ä»£ç å¦ä¸ï¼
from pyReptile import request, dataPattern
from fields import MovieComment, MovieInfo
import time
# åºæ¬è®¾ç½®
CONNECTION = 'mysql+pymysql://root:1234@localhost/
spiderdb?charset=utf8mb4'
# å®ä¾åæ°æ®åå¨ç±»ï¼å®ä¹æ å°ç±»ä»¥åå建æ°æ®è¡¨
movieComment = MovieComment(CONNECTION)
movieInfo = MovieInfo(CONNECTION)
# ç¬åçµå½±ä¿¡æ¯
def get_movie(movieId):
# URL以åç¬¦ä¸²æ ¼å¼ä¼ å
¥
r = request.get(movieUrl % (movieId))
name = dataPattern.cssSelector(r['text'], 'h1 > span')[0]
summary = dataPattern.cssSelector(r['text'],'#link-report')[0].strip()
movieDic = dict(movieId=movieId, name=name, summary=summary)
# æ¥è¯¢æ°æ®è¡¨æ¯å¦å·²åå¨æ°æ®
queryMovie = movieInfo.DBSession.query(movieInfo.table).filter_by(movieId=movieId).all()
# åå¨æ°æ®åä½æ´æ°å¤ç
if queryMovie:
condition = {'movieId': movieId}
movieInfo.update(movieDic, condition)
# ä¸åå¨å°±æå
¥æ°çæ°æ®
else:
movieInfo.insert(movieDic)
# ç¬åçµå½±è¯è®º
def get_comment(movieId):
# URL以åè¡¨æ ¼å¼ä¼ å
¥
urlList = []
for page in range(10):
urlList.append(commentUrl % (movieId, str(page * 20)))
valueList = []
responseList = request.get(urlList)
for response in responseList:
commentList = dataPattern.cssSelector(response['text'], 'div.comment > p > span')
userList = dataPattern.cssSelector(response['text'], 'span.comment-info > a')
for comment, user in zip(commentList, userList):
valueList.append(dict(movieId=movieId, user=user, comment=comment))
# æ°æ®å
¥åº
movieComment.insert(valueList)
if __name__ == '__main__':
# å¼å§æ¶é´
localTime = time.localtime(time.time())
beginTime = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S", localTime)
print('ç¨åºå¼å§æ¶é´ï¼' + beginTime)
# ç¬è«ç¨åº
movieUrl = 'https://movie.douban.com/subject/%s/?from=showing'
commentUrl = 'https://movie.douban.com/subject/%s/comments?start=%s&limit=20&sort=new_score&status=P'
movieId = '3168101'
get_movie(movieId)
get_comment(movieId)
# ç»ææ¶é´
localTime = time.localtime(time.time())
endTime = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S", localTime)
print('ç¨åºç»ææ¶é´ï¼' + endTime)
ä¸è¿°ä»£ç å¯åå为 4 é¨åï¼åå«æ¯ pyReptile æ¡æ¶åè½çåå§åãçµå½±ä¿¡æ¯çç¬è«å½æ° get_movie()ãçµå½±è¯è®ºçç¬è«å½æ° get_comment() åæ件è¿è¡å ¥å£ï¼è¯´æå¦ä¸ï¼
(1) pyReptile æ¡æ¶åè½çåå§åæ¯è®¾ç½® SQLAlchemy è¿æ¥ MySQL çè¿æ¥å 容ï¼ç± pymysql 模åå®ç°è¿æ¥ï¼æ°æ®åå¨å¨æ°æ®åº spiderdbï¼å°æ°æ®åºçè¿æ¥å 容以åæ°çå½¢å¼ä¼ å ¥æ°æ®åå¨ç±» MovieComment å MovieInfoï¼çæå®ä¾å对象 movieComment å movieInfoã
(2) çµå½±ä¿¡æ¯çç¬è«å½æ° get_movie() æ¯å¯¹çµå½±ä¿¡æ¯é¡µè¿è¡æ°æ®ç¬åãæ¸ æ´åå ¥åºå¤çï¼è¯´æå¦ä¸ï¼
- é¦å 对çµå½±ä¿¡æ¯é¡µç URL å°ååé HTTP 请æ±ï¼å 为åªç¬åæä¸é¨çµå½±ï¼æ以 URL å°åæ¯ä»¥åç¬¦ä¸²æ ¼å¼è¡¨ç¤ºï¼
- ä»ååºå 容éæåçµå½±å称åå§æ ç®ä»ï¼å°æåçæ°æ®è½¬æ¢æåå ¸æ ¼å¼ï¼åå ¸ç key æ¯æ°æ®è¡¨ç表å段ï¼å³æ°æ®åå¨ç±» MovieInfo å®ä¹çç±»å±äºï¼åå ¸ç value æ¯æåçæ°æ®å 容ï¼
- æåç±å¯¹è±¡ movieInfo å¤æçµå½± ID æ¯å¦å·²åå¨ï¼è¥åå¨ï¼å对æ°æ®è¡¨çæ°æ®è¿è¡æ´æ°å¤çï¼åä¹å对æ°æ®è¡¨æ°å¢æ°æ®ã
(3) çµå½±è¯è®ºçç¬è«å½æ° get_comment() æ¯å¯¹åå页ççµå½±è¯è®ºé¡µè¿è¡æ°æ®ç¬åãæ¸ æ´åå ¥åºå¤çï¼è¯´æå¦ä¸ï¼
- åå页ççµå½±è¯è®ºé¡µå ±æ 10 æ¡ä¸åç URL å°åï¼å æ¤ URL å°åæ¯ä»¥å表çå½¢å¼ä¼ å ¥è¯·æ±å½æ° get()ï¼pyReptile æ¡æ¶å¯¹å ¶æ§è¡å¼æ¥å¹¶åç HTTP 请æ±ï¼
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