linux學習指令總結⑧

#chown指令：通過chown改變檔案的屬主和屬組。在更改檔案的屬主或所屬組時，可以使用使用者名稱和使用者識别碼設定。普通使用者不能将自己的檔案改變成其他的屬主。其操作權限一般為管理者。

修改檔案屬主和屬組：

[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls -l 
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 wanghan hx      4096 Aug 12 10:32 abe
drwxr-xr-x 2 root    wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 xab
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# chown root:root abe
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls -l
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root    4096 Aug 12 10:32 abe
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 xab      

[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# chown user1:wanghan abe
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls -l
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 user1 wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 abe
drwxr-xr-x 2 root  wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 xab      

僅修改檔案屬組:

[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls -l
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 user1 wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 abe
drwxr-xr-x 2 root  wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 xab
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# chown :root abe
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls -l
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 user1 root    4096 Aug 12 10:32 abe
drwxr-xr-x 2 root  wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 xab      

修改檔案屬主且屬組自動修改成其屬主對應的屬組

[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls -l
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 user1 root    4096 Aug 12 10:32 abe
drwxr-xr-x 2 root  wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 xab
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# chown wanghan: abe
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls -l
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 wanghan hx      4096 Aug 12 10:32 abe
drwxr-xr-x 2 root    wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 xab      

chown –R：遞歸處理檔案的屬主或屬組

[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# ls -l
total 4
srwxrwxrwx 1 root    root       0 Aug  9 10:05 agent_cmd.sock
-rw------- 1 root    root       0 Aug  4 13:58 ap_1014.pid
drwxr-xr-x 3 wanghan wanghan 4096 Aug 11 15:52 ceshi
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# ls -l ceshi/
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 2 wanghan wanghan 4096 Aug 11 15:52 123
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# chown -R root:root ceshi/
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# ls -l 
total 4
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root    0 Aug  9 10:05 agent_cmd.sock
-rw------- 1 root root    0 Aug  4 13:58 ap_1014.pid
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 11 15:52 ceshi
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# ls -l ceshi/
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 11 15:52 123      

#chgrp指令：修改檔案屬組

[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# ls -l 
total 4
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root    0 Aug  9 10:05 agent_cmd.sock
-rw------- 1 root root    0 Aug  4 13:58 ap_1014.pid
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 11 15:52 ceshi
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# chgrp wanghan ceshi
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# ls -l
total 4
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root       0 Aug  9 10:05 agent_cmd.sock
-rw------- 1 root root       0 Aug  4 13:58 ap_1014.pid
drwxr-xr-x 3 root wanghan 4096 Aug 11 15:52 ceshi      

chgrp -R：遞歸處理

[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# ls -l
total 4
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root    0 Aug  9 10:05 agent_cmd.sock
-rw------- 1 root root    0 Aug  4 13:58 ap_1014.pid
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 11 15:52 ceshi
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# ls -l ceshi/
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 11 15:52 123
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# chgrp -R user1 ceshi/
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# ls -l
total 4
srwxrwxrwx 1 root root     0 Aug  9 10:05 agent_cmd.sock
-rw------- 1 root root     0 Aug  4 13:58 ap_1014.pid
drwxr-xr-x 3 root user1 4096 Aug 11 15:52 ceshi
[root@VM_168_102_centos tmp]# ls -l ceshi/
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 2 root user1 4096 Aug 11 15:52 123      

#chmod指令：修改檔案與檔案夾權限

[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls -l 
total 8
dr-----r-- 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 abe
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 xab
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# chmod u=x,g=x,o=x abe
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls -l
total 8
d--x--x--x 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 abe
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 xab
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# chmod u+w,g+w,o+w abe
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls -l
total 8
d-wx-wx-wx 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 abe
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 xab
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# chmod a+r abe        
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls -l
total 8
drwxrwxrwx 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 abe
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 xab
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# chmod u-w,g-w,o-w abe
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls -l
total 8
dr-xr-xr-x 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 abe
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 xab      

[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls -l 
total 8
dr-xr-xr-x 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 abe
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 xab
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# chmod 777 abe
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls -l
total 8
drwxrwxrwx 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 abe
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 xab
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# chmo 007 abe
-bash: chmo: command not found
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# chmod 07 abe
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls -l
total 8
d------rwx 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 abe
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 xab
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# chmod 777 abe
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls -l
total 8
drwxrwxrwx 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 abe
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 xab
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# chmod 007 abe
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls -l
total 8
d------rwx 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 abe
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 xab
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# chmod 101 abe
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls -l
total 8
d--x-----x 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 abe
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 xab      

[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls -l
total 8
d--x-----x 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 abe
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 xab
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# chmod --reference xab abe
[root@VM_168_102_centos ~]# ls -l
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 abe
drwxr-xr-x 2 root wanghan 4096 Aug 12 10:32 xab