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【達達前端】Ajax實戰項目源碼講解(快速入門的執行個體)Github源碼

【達達前端】Ajax實戰項目源碼講解(快速入門的執行個體)Github源碼

作者 | Jeskson

源碼位址:

https://github.com/huangguangda/Ajaxitm

什麼是Ajax技術?實戰中的運用ajax技術,了解前後端互動的方式,了解移動端的模式,了解H5的新技術,了解CSS3的使用,和JQuery的使用。

Ajax技術可以提高使用者體驗,無重新整理的與背景進行資料的互動,異步的操作方式,可以不用重新整理頁面提高性能。

了解前後端的互動流程,主要分為三部分,用戶端,服務端,資料庫,環境搭建,wamp,phpMyAdmin。

【達達前端】Ajax實戰項目源碼講解(快速入門的執行個體)Github源碼

wamp,window,Apache,mysql,php。

建立項目:

【達達前端】Ajax實戰項目源碼講解(快速入門的執行個體)Github源碼

建立一個名為AjaxItem的小項目

【達達前端】Ajax實戰項目源碼講解(快速入門的執行個體)Github源碼

接下來附上我的代碼

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form>
    使用者名:<input type="text">
    <input type="submit" value="注冊">
</form>
</body>
</html>           

運作起來的效果是如下截圖

【達達前端】Ajax實戰項目源碼講解(快速入門的執行個體)Github源碼

添加一個服務端跳轉的頁面reg.php,服務端要找到輸入框的值

送出表單方式:GET,POST

指定目前頁的編碼

header("Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8");           

連接配接資料庫mysql

$con = mysql_connect();           

預設值:config.default.php

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="reg.php">
    使用者名:<input type="text" name="username">
    <input type="submit" value="注冊">
</form>
</body>
</html>           
2

get送出的特點:

【達達前端】Ajax實戰項目源碼講解(快速入門的執行個體)Github源碼
【達達前端】Ajax實戰項目源碼講解(快速入門的執行個體)Github源碼

post送出的特點:

【達達前端】Ajax實戰項目源碼講解(快速入門的執行個體)Github源碼

上面截圖可以看出傳輸資料的差別,我們一般對于資料的查詢,盡量采用get的方式,而我們要對資料的修改,添加或者是删除,我們可以用post比較好一點。

服務端的書寫:

選擇資料庫:mysqlselectdb();建立資料庫,建表,鍵字段

指定資料庫的編碼格式

mysql_query("set names utf8");

擷取傳輸資料

$_GET
$_POST           

建立資料庫:

【達達前端】Ajax實戰項目源碼講解(快速入門的執行個體)Github源碼

建立表:

【達達前端】Ajax實戰項目源碼講解(快速入門的執行個體)Github源碼
【達達前端】Ajax實戰項目源碼講解(快速入門的執行個體)Github源碼

建立資料

【達達前端】Ajax實戰項目源碼講解(快速入門的執行個體)Github源碼

sql查詢:

select * from 表 where 字段 = 值
mysql_query
mysql_num_rows           

reg.php

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="reg.php" method="post">
    使用者名:<input type="text" name="username">
    <input type="submit" value="注冊">
</form>
</body>
</html>           

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="reg.php" method="post">
    使用者名:<input type="text" name="username">
    <input type="submit" value="注冊">
</form>
</body>
</html>           

reg.php代碼:

<?php
// 定義編碼格式
header("Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8");
// 連接配接mysql
$con = mysql_connect("localhost",'root','123456');
mysql_select_db('ajaxitem');
mysql_query('set names utf8');

$username = $_POST['username'];
$sql = "select * from reg where username = '$username'";
$query = mysql_query($sql);

// 如何區分查詢到還是沒有查詢到呢?
//mysql_num_rows($query);
// 找到為1,沒有找到為0

if($query && mysql_num_rows($query)){
 echo "<script>alert('已經有人注冊過了')</script>";
 echo "<script>history.back()</script>";
}else {
$sql = "insert into reg(username) values ('$username')";
$sql = mysql_query($sql);
if($query){
    echo "<script>alert('注冊成功')</script>";
    echo "<script>window.location = 'index.html'</script>";
}
}
?>           
【達達前端】Ajax實戰項目源碼講解(快速入門的執行個體)Github源碼
: 3
select * from 表 where 字段 = 值
mysql_query
mysql_num_rows

sql添加

insert into 表(字段)values(值)           

Ajax基本使用:

XMLHttpRequest
open
onreadystatechange

readyState
0未初始化
1初始化
2發送資料
3資料傳送中
4完成

send           
onreadystatechange

status
http狀态碼
200
301
304
403
404
500

statusText           
responseText
 responseXML
 JSON.parse

POST方式:
需要設定頭資訊
位置在send前

setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded');
setRequestHeader(‘Content-Type’, ‘application/json’);

JSON_stringify           
JQuery中的Ajax

$.ajax

url
type
data
success
error
dataType
async           

提供公共代碼

require_once()

擷取資料
mysql_fetch_row
mysql_fetch_assoc
mysql_fetch_array
mysql_fetch_object

增删改查
delete from 表 where 字段 = 值
update 表 set 字段 = 新值 where id = $id;           
Functions to create xhrs

function createStandardXHR() {
 try {
  return new window.XMLHttpRequest();
 }catch(e){}
}

function createActiveXHR() {
 try {
  return new window.ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
  }catch(e){}
}           

index.html代碼:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="reg.php" method="post">
    使用者名:<input type="text" name="username">
    <input type="submit" value="注冊">
</form>
<div id="div">

</div>
<script>
var oInput = document.getElementById("input1");
var oDiv = document.getElementById('div1');

oInput.onblur = function () {
    var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
    xhr.open('POST','user.php',true);

}
</script>
</body>
</html>           

user.php

<?php
// 定義編碼格式
header("Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8");
// 連接配接mysql
$con = mysql_connect("localhost",'root','123456');
mysql_select_db('ajaxitem');
mysql_query('set names utf8');

$username = $_GET['username'];
$sql = "select * from reg where username = '$username'";
$query = mysql_query($sql);

if($sql && mysql_num_rows($query)){
    echo '{"code":0, "message": "已經有人注冊過啦" }';
}else {
    echo  '{"code":1,"message":"可以注冊"}';
}
?>           
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="reg.php" method="post">
    使用者名:<input type="text" name="username">
    <input type="submit" value="注冊">
</form>
<div id="div">

</div>
<script>
var oInput = document.getElementById("input1");
var oDiv = document.getElementById('div1');

oInput.onblur = function () {
    var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
    // xhr.open('POST','user.php?username=' encodeURIComponent(this.value),true);
    xhr.open('POST','user.php',true);

    // 監聽整個流程,多次觸發
    xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {
        if(xhr.readyState == 4) {
            if(xhr.status == 200) {
                xhr.responseText;
                // xhr.responseXML
                // console.log(JSON.parse(xhr.responseText));
                var obj = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText);
                if(obj.code) {
                    oDiv.innerHTML = obj.message
                }else {
                    oDiv.innerHTML = obj.message
                }
            }
        }
    };
    // xhr.send(null);
    xhr.send('username' encodeURIComponent(this.value));
}
</script>
</body>
</html>           
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="reg.php" method="post">
    使用者名:<input type="text" name="username">
    <input type="submit" value="注冊">
</form>
<div id="div">

</div>
<script>
var oInput = document.getElementById("input1");
var oDiv = document.getElementById('div1');

oInput.onblur = function () {
    var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
    // xhr.open('POST','user.php?username=' encodeURIComponent(this.value),true);
    xhr.open('POST','user.php',true);

    // 監聽整個流程,多次觸發
    xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {
        if(xhr.readyState == 4) {
            if(xhr.status == 200) {
                xhr.responseText;
                // xhr.responseXML
                // console.log(JSON.parse(xhr.responseText));
                var obj = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText);
                if(obj.code) {
                    oDiv.innerHTML = obj.message
                }else {
                    oDiv.innerHTML = obj.message
                }
            }
        }
    };
    // xhr.send(null);
    // xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type','application/x-www-form-urlencoded');
    // xhr.send('username' encodeURIComponent(this.value));

    // 'username=dada&age=12'
    // xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type','application/json');
    // xhr.send('{ "username": dada, "age": 12}');
    // xhr.send(JSON.stringify({"username":"dada","age":12}));

    // {"username":"dada","age":12} -> $.param() -> "useranme=dada&age=12"
}
</script>
</body>
</html>           

JQuery:

if(s.data && s.processData && typeof s.data !== "string"){
 s.data = JQuery.param(s.data, s.traditional);
}

inspectPrefiltersOrTransports(prefilters, s, options, jqXHR);

if(state === 2){
return jqXHR;
}           

ajax.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
$.ajax({
 url: 'jquery.php',
 type:  'GET',
 data: {username: "dada"},
 success: function(data){
  console.log(data);
 }
});
</body>
</html>           

jquery.php

<?PHP

  //echo 'red';
  echo '{"color":"red","width":"200px"}';

?>           

請求相同部分:

require_once(‘connect.php');           

ajax1.html

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>無标題文檔</title>
<script>
//get : http://localhost/reg.php?username=dada
//post : http://localhost/reg.php
</script>
</head>

<body>
<form action="reg.php" method="post">
  使用者名 : <input type="text" name="username">   <!--username=dada-->
    <input type="submit" value="注冊">
</form>
</body>
</html>           

ajax2.html

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>無标題文檔</title>

</head>

<body>
<form action="reg.php" method="post">
  使用者名 : <input id="input1" type="text" name="username">   <!--username=dada-->
    <input type="submit" value="注冊">
</form>
<div id="div1"></div>
<script>
var oInput = document.getElementById('input1');
var oDiv = document.getElementById('div1');

oInput.onblur = function(){
  var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
  xhr.open('GET','user.php?username=' encodeURIComponent(this.value),true);
  xhr.onreadystatechange = function(){
    
    if(xhr.readyState == 4){
      //console.log(xhr.status);
      //console.log(xhr.statusText);
      if(xhr.status == 200){
        //console.log(xhr.responseText);
        //console.log(JSON.parse(xhr.responseText));
        var obj = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText);
        if(obj.code){
          oDiv.innerHTML = obj.message;
        }
        else{
          oDiv.innerHTML = obj.message;
        }
      }
    }
    
  };
  xhr.send(null);
};
</script>
</body>
</html>           

ajax3.html

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>無标題文檔</title>

</head>

<body>
<form action="reg.php" method="post">
  使用者名 : <input id="input1" type="text" name="username">   <!--username=dada-->
    <input type="submit" value="注冊">
</form>
<div id="div1"></div>
<script>
var oInput = document.getElementById('input1');
var oDiv = document.getElementById('div1');

oInput.onblur = function(){
  var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
  xhr.open('POST','user.php',true);
  xhr.onreadystatechange = function(){
    
    if(xhr.readyState == 4){
      //console.log(xhr.status);
      //console.log(xhr.statusText);
      if(xhr.status == 200){
        //console.log(xhr.responseText);
        //console.log(JSON.parse(xhr.responseText));
        var obj = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText);
        if(obj.code){
          oDiv.innerHTML = obj.message;
        }
        else{
          oDiv.innerHTML = obj.message;
        }
      }
    }
    
  };
  //xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded');
  //xhr.send('username=' encodeURIComponent(this.value));
  
  //'username=dada&age=12'
  
  //xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
  //xhr.send('{"username":"dada","age":12}');
  //xhr.send(JSON.stringify({"username":"dada","age":12}));
  
  //{"username":"dada","age":12} ->  $.param()  ->  'username=dada&age=12'
  
};
</script>
</body>
</html>           

ajax4.html

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>無标題文檔</title>
<script src="jquery-2.1.3.min.js"></script>
<script>

$.ajax({
  url : 'jquery.php',
  type : 'POST',
  data : {username:"dada"},
  dataType : 'json',
  async : false,
  success : function(data){   //xhr.responseText
    console.log(data);
    //var obj = JSON.parse(data);
    //console.log(obj);
  },
  error : function(err){
    console.log(err.status);
    console.log(err.statusText);
  }
});
console.log(123);
</script>
</head>

<body>
</body>
</html>           

ajax5.html

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>無标題文檔</title>
<script src="jquery-2.1.3.min.js"></script>
<script>

$.ajax({
  url : 'data.php',
  type : 'POST',
  data : {username:"dada"},
  dataType : 'json',
  async : false,
  success : function(data){   //xhr.responseText
    console.log(data);
    //var obj = JSON.parse(data);
    //console.log(obj);
  },
  error : function(err){
    console.log(err.status);
    console.log(err.statusText);
  }
});
console.log(123);
</script>
</head>

<body>
</body>
</html>           

connect.php

<?PHP

  header("Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8");
  $con = mysql_connect('localhost','root','');
  mysql_select_db('ajaxitem');
  mysql_query('set names utf8');

?           

data.php

<?PHP

  require_once('connect.php');
  
  //$sql = "delete from reg where username = 'da1'";
  //$query = mysql_query($sql);
  
  $sql = "update reg set username = 'da1' where id = 4";
  $query = mysql_query($sql);
  
  $sql = "select * from reg limit 2";
  $query = mysql_query($sql);
  
  //print_r($query);
  //print_r(mysql_num_rows($query));
  
  //$row = mysql_fetch_row($query);
  //print_r($row);
  
  /*while($row = mysql_fetch_row($query)){    //數組下标的方式輸入
    print_r($row);
  }*/
  
  /*while($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($query)){    //數組鍵值的方式輸入
    print_r($row);
  }*/
  
  /*while($row = mysql_fetch_array($query)){    //數組整體的方式輸入
    print_r($row);
  }*/
  
  /*while($row = mysql_fetch_object($query)){    //對象鍵值的方式輸入
    print_r($row);
  }*/
  /*while($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($query)){    //數組鍵值的方式輸入
    print_r($row['username']);
  }*/
  /*while($row = mysql_fetch_object($query)){    //對象鍵值的方式輸入
    print_r($row -> username);
  }*/
  while($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($query)){    //數組鍵值的方式輸入
    $data[] = $row;
  }
  
  //print_r(json_encode($data));
  
  echo json_encode($data);
  
?>           
<?PHP

  require_once('connect.php');
  
  $username = $_REQUEST['username'];
  
  $sql = "select * from reg where username = '$username'";
  $query = mysql_query($sql);
  
  if($query && mysql_num_rows($query)){
    echo '{"code":0 , "message" : "已經有人注冊過啦"}'; 
  }
  else{
    echo '{"code":1 , "message" : "可以注冊"}'; 
  }

?>           
<?PHP

  //echo 'red';
  echo '{"color":"red","width":"200px"}';

?>           
<?PHP

  //username -> hello
  
  require_once('connect.php');

  $username = $_POST['username'];
  $sql = "select * from reg where username = '$username'";
  $query = mysql_query($sql);
    
  if($query && mysql_num_rows($query)){
    echo "<script>alert('已經有人注冊過啦')</script>";
    echo "<script>history.back()</script>";
  }
  else{
    $sql = "insert into reg(username) values('$username')";
    $query = mysql_query($sql);
    if($query){
      echo "<script>alert('注冊成功')</script>";
      echo "<script>window.location = 'index.html'</script>";
    }
  }

?>           

若本号内容有做得不到位的地方(比如:涉及版權或其他問題),請及時聯系我們進行整改即可,會在第一時間進行處理。

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