文章目錄
- 一、理論基礎
- 二、分簇過程
- 三、MATLAB程式實作
- 四、參考文獻
固定簇半徑的分簇協定HEED matlab代碼 
固定簇半徑的分簇協定HEED matlab代碼 %% 清空環境變量
clear;
clc;
% 傳感器節點區域100×100
xm = 100;
ym = 100;
% 基站坐标
sink.x = 0.5*xm;
sink.y = 0.5*ym;
% 節點總數100
NodeNums = 100;
% 節點成為簇頭的初始機率和機率門檻值
Cprob = 0.05;
pmin = 0.04;
packetLength = 4000; % 資料包長度
ctrPacketLength = 100; % 控制包長度
% 初始能量(最大能量) 0.3J
Eo = 0.3;
% 發送能耗RTX = 接收能耗ERX = 50nJ/bit
ETX=50*10^(-9);
ERX=50*10^(-9);
% 發射放大器類型
Efs=10*10^(-12);
Emp=0.0013*10^(-12);
% 資料聚合能量
EDA=5*10^(-9);
% 最大輪數
rmax = 5;
% the time of round
Tr=20;
distanceBroad = sqrt(Tr^2+Tr^2);
% 臨界距離
do = sqrt(Efs/Emp);
% 節點類型
NON_CH = 0; % 普通節點
TENT_CH = 1; % 臨時簇頭
FINAL_CH = 2; % 最終簇頭
figure(1);
%% 傳感器節點的随機分布
for i = 1:NodeNums
Node(i).xd = rand(1,1)*xm;
Node(i).yd = rand(1,1)*ym;
Node(i).RE = Eo; % 節點能量
Node(i).NumNbr = 0; % 鄰居節點數
Node(i).AMRP = Node(i).NumNbr; % 平均可達能級
Node(i).CH = 0; % 簇頭
Node(i).role = NON_CH; % 節點角色
plot(Node(i).xd, Node(i).yd, 'o', sink.x, sink.y, '*r');
hold on;
title 'Wireless Sensor Network';
xlabel 'X-coordinates';
ylabel 'Y-coordinates';
legend('節點', '基站');
end
hold off;
%% 計算每個節點的鄰居節點集
for i = 1:NodeNums
count = 0; % 計數器：用于統計每個節點的鄰居節點總數
for j = 1:NodeNums
if j ~= i
dist = sqrt((Node(i).xd-Node(j).xd).^2 + (Node(i).yd-Node(j).yd).^2); % 節點i與節點j距離的平方
if dist < distanceBroad % 如果此距離小于廣播半徑，則可認為j是i的鄰居節點
count = count +1;
Node(i).Nbr(count) = j; % j是i的一個鄰居節點
end
end
if j == NodeNums % 說明循環到了最後一個節點
Node(i).NumNbr = count; % 節點i的鄰居節點個數count
end
end
end
%% 分簇階段
for r = 1:rmax
% % 死亡節點總數
% dead = 0;
% % 計算節點死亡數目
% for i = 1:NodeNums
% if Node(i).RE <= 0 % 統計節點死亡數目
% dead = dead + 1;
% end
% end
% if dead == NodeNums % 節點全部死亡退出循環
% break;
% end
s = 0;
% 第一步：初始化
for i = 1:NodeNums
Node(i).RE = Eo;
Node(i).CHprob = max(Cprob*(Node(i).RE/Eo), pmin);
Node(i).AMRP = Node(i).NumNbr; % 平均可達能級
Node(i).CH = 0;
Node(i).role = NON_CH; % 節點角色
Node(i).stop = 1;
s = s + Node(i).stop;
end
% 第二步：疊代，直至節點機率為1或節點死亡(能量耗盡)
while s ~= 0
s = 0;
for i = 1:NodeNums
Node(i).CHprob = max(Cprob*(Node(i).RE/Eo), pmin);
end
for i = 1:NodeNums
if Node(i).RE > 0 && Node(i).CHprob <= 1
flag0 = 0;
flag1 = 0;
for j = 1:Node(i).NumNbr
neighbor = Node(i).Nbr(j);
if Node(neighbor).role == TENT_CH
flag0 = 1;
if Node(i).AMRP > Node(neighbor).AMRP
flag1 = 1;
end
end
end
% 自身是臨時簇頭
if Node(i).role == TENT_CH
if flag0 == 1 && flag1 == 0 % 周圍有臨時簇頭且自身的AMRP值最小
if Node(i).CHprob == 1 % 機率為1
Node(i).CH = -1;
Node(i).RE = Node(i).RE-(ETX*ctrPacketLength+Efs*ctrPacketLength*distanceBroad^2);
% 鄰居節點接收消息
for j = 1:Node(i).NumNbr
neighbor = Node(i).Nbr(j);
Node(neighbor).RE = Node(neighbor).RE-ERX*ctrPacketLength;
end
end
end
end
% 鄰居節點無臨時簇頭
if flag0 == 0
if rand <= Node(i).CHprob
Node(i).role = TENT_CH;
Node(i).RE = Node(i).RE-(ETX*ctrPacketLength+Efs*ctrPacketLength*distanceBroad^2);
% 鄰居節點接收消息
for j = 1:Node(i).NumNbr
neighbor = Node(i).Nbr(j);
Node(neighbor).RE = Node(neighbor).RE-ERX*ctrPacketLength;
end
end
end
% 備選簇頭狀态
if Node(i).CHprob < 1
Node(i).role = TENT_CH;
Node(i).RE = Node(i).RE-(ETX*ctrPacketLength+Efs*ctrPacketLength*distanceBroad^2);
x = Node(i).AMRP;
for j = 1:Node(i).NumNbr
neighbor = Node(i).Nbr(j);
Node(neighbor).RE = Node(neighbor).RE-ERX*ctrPacketLength;
if Node(neighbor).role ~= NON_CH % 簇頭節點
if Node(i).AMRP > Node(neighbor).AMRP % AMRP值更小
Node(i).role = NON_CH; % 改為普通節點
Node(i).CH = neighbor; % 加入該候選簇頭
Node(i).AMRP = Node(neighbor).AMRP;
end
end
end
Node(i).AMRP = x;
else % 最終簇頭狀态
Node(i).role = FINAL_CH;
Node(i).CH = -1;
Node(i).RE = Node(i).RE-(ETX*ctrPacketLength+Efs*ctrPacketLength*distanceBroad^2);
for j = 1:Node(i).NumNbr
neighbor = Node(i).Nbr(j);
Node(neighbor).RE = Node(neighbor).RE-ERX*ctrPacketLength;
end
end
else
Node(i).stop = 0;
end
s = s+Node(i).stop;
Node(i).CHprob = min(Node(i).CHprob * 2, 1);
end
end
%% 第三，處理孤兒節點
for i = 1:NodeNums
if Node(i).RE > 0
if Node(i).role ~= FINAL_CH
flag = 0;
for j = 1:Node(i).NumNbr
neighbor = Node(i).Nbr(j);
if Node(neighbor).role ~= NON_CH % 簇頭節點
flag = 1;
y = Node(i).AMRP;
if Node(i).AMRP > Node(neighbor).AMRP % AMRP值更小
Node(i).role = NON_CH; % 改為普通節點
Node(i).CH = neighbor; % 加入該候選簇頭
Node(i).AMRP = Node(neighbor).AMRP;
end
end
end
if flag == 0
Node(i).CH = -1;
Node(i).role = FINAL_CH;
else
Node(i).AMRP = y;
end
end
end
end
figure(r+1)
%% 畫出分簇圖
for i = 1:NodeNums
if Node(i).role ~= NON_CH
plot(Node(i).xd, Node(i).yd, '*'); % 簇頭節點以*标記
hold on
text(Node(i).xd, Node(i).yd, num2str(i));
else
plot(Node(i).xd, Node(i).yd, 'o'); %普通節點以o标記
text(Node(i).xd, Node(i).yd, num2str(i));
hold on
plot([Node(Node(i).CH).xd; Node(i).xd], [Node(Node(i).CH).yd; Node(i).yd]); % 将節點與簇頭連起來，即加入簇頭集合
hold on
end
end
end
