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SpringMVC02:回顧Servlet

回顧Servlet

  1. 建立一個Maven工程當做父工程!pom依賴!
    <dependencies>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>junit</groupId>
           <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
           <version>4.12</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
           <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
           <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
           <version>2.5</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
           <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
           <version>2.2</version>
       </dependency>
       <dependency>
           <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
           <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
           <version>1.2</version>
       </dependency>
    </dependencies>
               
  2. 建立一個Moudle:springmvc-01-servlet , 添加Web app的支援!
  3. 導入servlet 和 jsp 的 jar 依賴(父項目有,其實可以不寫)
    <dependency>
       <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
       <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
       <version>2.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
       <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
       <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
       <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>
               
  4. 編寫一個Servlet類,用來處理使用者的請求
    package com.edgar.servlet;
    
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    
        @Override
        protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
            // 1.擷取前端參數
            String method = req.getParameter("method");
            if ("add".equals(method)) {
                req.getSession().setAttribute("msg","執行了add方法");
            }
            if ("delete".equals(method)) {
                req.getSession().setAttribute("msg","執行了delete方法");
            }
    
            // 2.調用業務處理層
            // 3.視圖轉發或者重定向
            req.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/test.jsp").forward(req,resp);
        }
    
        @Override
        protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
            doGet(req, resp);
        }
    }
               
  5. 編寫test.jsp,在WEB-INF目錄下建立一個jsp的檔案夾,建立test.jsp
    <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
    <html>
    <head>
        <title>Title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    ${msg}
    </body>
    </html>
               
  6. 在web.xml中注冊Servlet
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
             version="4.0">
    
        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>com.edgar.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
        </servlet>
        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
            <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>
    
    </web-app>
               
  7. 配置Tomcat,并啟動測試
    • localhost:8080/hello?method=add
    • localhost:8080/hello?method=delete

MVC架構要做哪些事情

  1. 将url映射到java類或java類的方法
  2. 封裝使用者送出的資料
  3. 處理請求--調用相關的業務處理--封裝響應資料
  4. 将響應的資料進行渲染。jsp、html等表示層資料。

說明:

​ 常見的伺服器端MVC架構有:Structs、Spring MVC、ASP.NET MVC、Zend Framework、JSF;常見前端MVC架構:Vue、angularjs、react、backbone;由MVC演化出了另外一些模式如:MVP、MVVM等等....