61 redis基礎入門、redis應用進階

01 redis基礎入門

#安裝redis

[root@node1 ~]# rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-6.noarch.rpm 

[root@node2 ~]# yum localinstall redis-3.0.7-4.el6.art.i686.rpm 

[root@node2 ~]# cp /etc/redis.conf{,.orgi}

[root@node2 ~]# vim /etc/redis.conf

修改

bind 127.0.0.1

為

bind 127.0.0.1 192.168.1.122

[root@node2 ~]# service redis start

#連接配接

[root@node2 ~]# redis-cli -h 192.168.1.122

192.168.1.122:6379> exit

[root@node2 ~]# redis-cli 

127.0.0.1:6379> 

#設定變量值

127.0.0.1:6379> SET disto fedora

OK

#獲得變更值

127.0.0.1:6379> GET disto

"fedora"

#在變量後面追加值

127.0.0.1:6379> append disto slackware

(integer) 15

"centosslackware"

#取得變更的長度

127.0.0.1:6379> STRLEN disto

#增加變量的值

127.0.0.1:6379> SET count 0

127.0.0.1:6379> INCR count

(integer) 1

(integer) 2

(integer) 3

(integer) 4

(integer) 5

#減少變量的值

127.0.0.1:6379> DECR count

#鍵不存在時才設定其值

127.0.0.1:6379> SET disto gentoo NX

(nil)

#鍵存在時才設定其值

127.0.0.1:6379> SET boo bar XX

127.0.0.1:6379> LPUSH l1 mon

127.0.0.1:6379> LINDEX l1 0

"mon"

127.0.0.1:6379> LPUSH l1 sun

"sun"

127.0.0.1:6379> LINDEX l1 1

127.0.0.1:6379> RPUSH l1 tue

127.0.0.1:6379> LINDEX l1 2

"tue"

127.0.0.1:6379> LSET l1 1 fri

"fri"

127.0.0.1:6379> RPOP l1

#集合

#建立集合

127.0.0.1:6379> SADD w1 mon tue wed thu fri sat sun

(integer) 7

127.0.0.1:6379> SADD w2 tue thu day

#交集

127.0.0.1:6379> SINTER w1 w2

1) "tue"

2) "thu"

#并集

127.0.0.1:6379> SUNION w1 w2

3) "sat"

4) "day"

5) "sun"

6) "fri"

7) "wed"

8) "mon"

#彈出元素

127.0.0.1:6379> SPOP w1

"sat"

#判斷元素mon是否在集合w1中

127.0.0.1:6379> SISMEMBER w1 mon

(integer) 1 #1表示在集合中

127.0.0.1:6379> SISMEMBER w1 sat

(integer) 0 #0表示不在集合中

127.0.0.1:6379> ZADD weekday1 1 mon 2 tue 3 wed 

127.0.0.1:6379> ZCARD weekday1

127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANK weekday1 tue

127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANK weekday1 wed

127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANK weekday1 mon

(integer) 0

127.0.0.1:6379> ZSCORE weekday1 tue

"2"

127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE weekday1 0 2

1) "mon"

2) "tue"

3) "wed"

127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE weekday1 0 1

127.0.0.1:6379> HSET h1 a mon

127.0.0.1:6379> HGET h1 a

127.0.0.1:6379> HSET h1 b tue

127.0.0.1:6379> HGET h1 b

127.0.0.1:6379> HKEYS h1

1) "a"

2) "b"

127.0.0.1:6379> HVALS h1

127.0.0.1:6379> HLEN h1

02 redis應用進階

配置環境

Master 192.168.1.122 node2 

Slave 192.168.1.121 node1

#添加認證功能

# requirepass foobared

requirepass mageedu

[root@node2 ~]# service redis restart

192.168.1.122:6379> SELECT 0

(error) NOAUTH Authentication required.

192.168.1.122:6379> AUTH mageedu

#清空目前庫

192.168.1.122:6379> FLUSHDB

#事務

192.168.1.122:6379> MULTI

192.168.1.122:6379> SET ip 192.168.1.1

QUEUED

192.168.1.122:6379> GET ip

192.168.1.122:6379> SET port 8080

192.168.1.122:6379> GET port

192.168.1.122:6379> EXEC

1) OK

2) "192.168.1.1"

3) OK

4) "8080"

在第一個終端執行

192.168.1.122:6379> WATCH ip 

192.168.1.122:6379> SET ip 10.0.0.1

在第二個終端執行：

127.0.0.1:6379> GET ip

"192.168.1.1"

127.0.0.1:6379> SET ip 172.16.100.99

"172.16.100.99"

#傳回第一個終端執行

192.168.1.122:6379> SET port 6379

192.168.1.122:6379> SETTTTT

(error) ERR unknown command 'SETTTTT'

(error) EXECABORT Transaction discarded because of previous errors.

192.168.1.122:6379> PING 

PONG

192.168.1.122:6379> ECHO "hello redis"

"hello redis"

127.0.0.1:6379> CLIENT GETNAME

127.0.0.1:6379> CLIENT SETNAME location

"location"

127.0.0.1:6379> DBSIZE

#在第一個終端執行

192.168.1.122:6379> SUBSCRIBE news

Reading messages... (press Ctrl-C to quit)

1) "subscribe"

2) "news"

3) (integer) 1

#在第二個終端執行：

127.0.0.1:6379> PUBLISH news hello

傳回第一個終端顯示：

1) "message"

3) "hello"

#第二個終端發送

127.0.0.1:6379> PUBLISH news redis

#第一個終端顯示

3) "redis"

#第一個終端執行

192.168.1.122:6379> PSUBSCRIBE "news.i[to]"

1) "psubscribe"

2) "news.i[to]"

#第二個終端執行

127.0.0.1:6379> PUBLISH news.io hello

#此時第一個終端顯示

1) "pmessage"

3) "news.io"

4) "hello"

127.0.0.1:6379> PUBLISH news.it hello

3) "news.it"

127.0.0.1:6379> CONFIG GET dir

1) "dir"

2) "/var/lib/redis"

127.0.0.1:6379> CONFIG SET appendonly yes

#啟動複制功能

#配置從伺服器

[root@node1 ~]# yum localinstall redis-3.0.7-4.el6.art.i686.rpm -y

[root@node1 ~]# service redis start

[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/redis.conf

bind 127.0.0.1 192.168.1.121

[root@node1 ~]# service redis restart

127.0.0.1:6379> SLAVEOF 192.168.1.122 6379

127.0.0.1:6379> KEYS *

1) "ip"

2) "port"

[root@node2 ~]# tail /var/log/redis/redis.log 

13408:M 20 Jan 21:18:18.261 * Residual parent diff successfully flushed to the rewritten AOF (0.00 MB)

13408:M 20 Jan 21:18:18.262 * Background AOF rewrite finished successfully

13408:M 20 Jan 21:50:33.502 * Slave 192.168.1.121:6379 asks for synchronization

13408:M 20 Jan 21:50:33.502 * Full resync requested by slave 192.168.1.121:6379

13408:M 20 Jan 21:50:33.502 * Starting BGSAVE for SYNC with target: disk

13408:M 20 Jan 21:50:33.509 * Background saving started by pid 17459

17459:C 20 Jan 21:50:33.631 * DB saved on disk

17459:C 20 Jan 21:50:33.632 * RDB: 4 MB of memory used by copy-on-write

13408:M 20 Jan 21:50:33.699 * Background saving terminated with success

13408:M 20 Jan 21:50:33.700 * Synchronization with slave 192.168.1.121:6379 succeeded

[root@node1 ~]# redis-cli 

127.0.0.1:6379> INFO REPLICATION

# Replication

role:slave

master_host:192.168.1.122

master_port:6379

master_link_status:up

master_last_io_seconds_ago:1

master_sync_in_progress:0

slave_repl_offset:2115

slave_priority:100

slave_read_only:1

connected_slaves:0

master_repl_offset:0

repl_backlog_active:0

repl_backlog_size:1048576

repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0

repl_backlog_histlen:0

#1、同一主機上啟動多個redis服務，并配置主從服務

[root@node1 ~]# killall redis-server

[root@node1 ~]# mkdir /etc/redis -p

[root@node1 ~]# cp /etc/redis.conf /etc/redis

[root@node1 ~]# cd /etc/redis

[root@node1 redis]# ls

redis.conf

[root@node1 redis]# cp redis.conf{,.2}

[root@node1 redis]# cp redis.conf{,.3}

redis.conf  redis.conf.2  redis.conf.3

[root@node1 redis]# mkdir -p /redis/db{1,2,3}

[root@node1 redis]# chown -R redis.redis /redis/db*

[root@node1 redis]# vim redis.conf

bind 0.0.0.0

daemonize no

daemonize yes

[root@node1 redis]# vim redis.conf.2

pidfile /var/run/redis/redis.pid

pidfile /var/run/redis/redis2.pid

port 6379

port 6380

logfile /var/log/redis/redis.log

logfile /var/log/redis/redis2.log

dir /var/lib/redis/

dir /redis/db2

[root@node1 redis]# cp redis.conf.{2,3}

[root@node1 redis]# vim redis.conf.3

pidfile /var/run/redis/redis3.pid

port 6381

logfile /var/log/redis/redis3.log

dir /redis/db3

[root@node1 redis]# redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf

[root@node1 redis]# redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf.2

[root@node1 redis]# redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf.3

#預設為主伺服器

[root@node1 redis]# redis-cli -h 192.168.1.121 -p 6379

192.168.1.121:6379> info replication

role:master

#設定為從伺服器

[root@node1 ~]# redis-cli -h 192.168.1.121 -p 6380

192.168.1.121:6380> info replication

192.168.1.121:6380> slaveof 192.168.1.121 6379

master_host:192.168.1.121

master_last_io_seconds_ago:5

slave_repl_offset:43

#主伺服器

connected_slaves:1

slave0:ip=192.168.1.121,port=6380,state=online,offset=85,lag=1

master_repl_offset:85

repl_backlog_active:1

repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:2

repl_backlog_histlen:84

#第二個從伺服器

[root@node1 ~]# redis-cli -h 192.168.1.121 -p 6381

192.168.1.121:6381> slaveof 192.168.1.121 6379

192.168.1.121:6381> info replication

master_last_io_seconds_ago:7

slave_repl_offset:197

connected_slaves:2

slave0:ip=192.168.1.121,port=6380,state=online,offset=281,lag=0

slave1:ip=192.168.1.121,port=6381,state=online,offset=281,lag=0

master_repl_offset:281

repl_backlog_histlen:280

192.168.1.121:6379> SET ip 1.1.1.1

192.168.1.121:6379> keys *

192.168.1.121:6379> SET cache varnish

#第一個從伺服器測試

192.168.1.121:6380> keys *

1) "cache"

2) "ip"

3) "port"

#第二個從伺服器測試

192.168.1.121:6381> keys *

1) "port"

2) "cache"

3) "ip"

結果：資料同步成功

#2、配置SENTINEL實作高可用

[root@node1 ~]# cp /etc/redis-sentinel.conf /etc/redis

[root@node1 redis]# vim redis-sentinel.conf 

sentinel monitor mymaster 127.0.0.1 6379 2

sentinel monitor mymaster 192.168.1.121 6379 1

sentinel down-after-milliseconds mymaster 30000

sentinel down-after-milliseconds mymaster 5000

sentinel failover-timeout mymaster 180000

sentinel failover-timeout mymaster 60000

[root@node1 redis]# redis-sentinel /etc/redis/redis-sentinel.conf

[root@node1 ~]# redis-cli -h 192.168.1.121 -p 26379

192.168.1.121:26379> info

# Server

redis_version:3.0.7

redis_git_sha1:00000000

redis_git_dirty:0

redis_build_id:dec06ea72e680a6e

redis_mode:sentinel

os:Linux 2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64 x86_64

arch_bits:32

multiplexing_api:epoll

gcc_version:4.4.7

process_id:17275

run_id:5b209e48291bb6421865d633142928b450e9810c

tcp_port:26379

uptime_in_seconds:89

uptime_in_days:0

hz:10

lru_clock:8570474

config_file:/etc/redis/redis-sentinel.conf

# Sentinel

sentinel_masters:1

sentinel_tilt:0

sentinel_running_scripts:0

sentinel_scripts_queue_length:0

master0:name=mymaster,status=ok,address=192.168.1.121:6379,slaves=2,sentinels=1

192.168.1.121:26379> SENTINEL masters

1)  1) "name"

    2) "mymaster"

    3) "ip"

    4) "192.168.1.121"

    5) "port"

    6) "6379"

    7) "runid"

    8) "17edeb0c1c6547dc08a2447a4b15f83752227619"

    9) "flags"

   10) "master"

   11) "pending-commands"

   12) "0"

   13) "last-ping-sent"

   14) "0"

   15) "last-ok-ping-reply"

   16) "231"

   17) "last-ping-reply"

   18) "231"

   19) "down-after-milliseconds"

   20) "5000"

   21) "info-refresh"

   22) "3443"

   23) "role-reported"

   24) "master"

   25) "role-reported-time"

   26) "225408"

   27) "config-epoch"

   28) "0"

   29) "num-slaves"

   30) "2"

   31) "num-other-sentinels"

   32) "0"

   33) "quorum"

   34) "1"

   35) "failover-timeout"

   36) "60000"

   37) "parallel-syncs"

   38) "1"

192.168.1.121:26379> SENTINEL slaves mymaster

    2) "192.168.1.121:6381"

    6) "6381"

    8) "b63391c22c2ba7e8a0b64f3584c0c0681b60e0e6"

   10) "slave"

   16) "353"

   18) "353"

   22) "7511"

   24) "slave"

   26) "409168"

   27) "master-link-down-time"

   29) "master-link-status"

   30) "ok"

   31) "master-host"

   32) "192.168.1.121"

   33) "master-port"

   34) "6379"

   35) "slave-priority"

   36) "100"

   37) "slave-repl-offset"

   38) "29592"

2)  1) "name"

    2) "192.168.1.121:6380"

    6) "6380"

    8) "ec7be925efaec88712836d12682e498ddac15ffd"

   26) "409197"

#停掉主伺服器

[root@node1 ~]# ps -ef | grep redis-server

root     17120     1  0 09:56 ?        00:00:05 redis-server 0.0.0.0:6379         

root     17127     1  0 09:57 ?        00:00:05 redis-server 0.0.0.0:6380           

root     17134     1  0 09:58 ?        00:00:05 redis-server 0.0.0.0:6381           

root     17350 17325  0 10:35 pts/5    00:00:00 grep redis-server

[root@node1 ~]# kill 17120

新的主伺服器變為6381

uptime_in_seconds:836

hz:13

lru_clock:8571221

master0:name=mymaster,status=ok,address=192.168.1.121:6381,slaves=2,sentinels=1

   16) "782"

   18) "782"

   22) "9017"

   26) "149664"

   28) "1"

#6380從伺服器，其主伺服器也自動變為6381

master_port:6381

master_last_io_seconds_ago:0

slave_repl_offset:32393

重新啟動原來的主伺服器

uptime_in_seconds:1401

lru_clock:8571786

#其主節點仍然是6381  

   16) "319"

   18) "319"

   22) "9957"

   26) "672844"

   34) "6381"

   38) "46232"

    2) "192.168.1.121:6379"

    8) "879035ca537f48727c21f455cc1e69c396d436fb"

   22) "1140"

   26) "91410"

   38) "46951"

#原來的主節點重新開機之後變為從節點