xen虛拟機利用dom0核心來建立（二）

一、

xen虛拟狀态：

r: 運作

b: 阻塞

p: 暫停

s: 停止

c: 崩潰

d: dying, 正在關閉的過程中

二、建立xen的pv模式虛拟機

1、kernel (本身系統核心既可運作dom0中也可運作在domu中)

2、initrd或initramfs

3、DomU核心子產品

4、根檔案系統

5、swap裝置

6、DomU的配置檔案

三、xm的配置檔案：

kernel：核心

ramdisk: initramfs或initrd

name: 域名稱

memory: 記憶體大小

disk: 磁盤裝置檔案清單，格式disk=["disk1", "disk2",], 每個disk都由三個參數進行定義：“backend-dev”，“frontend-dev”，“mode”

backend-dev: 有兩種類型，實體裝置，虛拟磁盤映像檔案，格式為分别為phy:device和file:/path/to/image_file;

front-dev: 定義其在DomU中裝置類型；虛拟磁盤映像檔案對應的裝置檔案名稱通常為xvd[a-z]

mode: 通路權限模型，r, w

vcpus: 虛拟CPU的個數；

root: 根檔案系統所在的裝置；

extra: 傳遞給核心的額外參數；selinux=0

on_reboot: 執行xm reboot指令時的操作，有destroy和restart;

on_crash: 有destroy, restart, preserve(儲存崩潰時的資訊以用于調試)

vif ：vif = ['ip="172.16.100.11", bridge=br0']

type: 裝置類型，預設為netfront

mac: 指定mac位址；

bridge: 指定橋接到的實體裝置

ip: ip位址；

script: 配置此接口的腳本檔案

vifname: 後端裝置名稱

bootloader: 引導器檔案的路徑，一般指的PyGrub的路徑；

四、根檔案系統制作步聚

<code>root@logicserver ~]# mkdir /xen/vm1 -pv</code>

<code>mkdir: 已建立目錄 </code><code>"/xen"</code>

<code>mkdir: 已建立目錄 </code><code>"/xen/vm1"</code>

<code>[root@logicserver ~]# cd /xen/vm1</code>

<code>[root@logicserver vm1]# dd </code><code>if</code><code>=/dev/zero of=centos6.img bs=1M oflag=direct seek=</code><code>1023</code> <code>count=</code><code>1</code>

<code>[root@logicserver vm1]# ll -lh</code>

<code>-rw-r--r--. </code><code>1</code> <code>root root </code><code>1</code><code>.0G </code><code>9</code><code>月 </code><code>8</code> <code>16</code><code>:</code><code>48</code> <code>centos6.img</code>

<code>[root@logicserver vm1]# du -sh centos6.img </code>

<code>1</code><code>.0M centos6.img</code>

格式化centos6.img和挂載到/mnt

<code>[root@logicserver vm1]# mke2fs -t ext4 centos6.img </code>

<code>centos6.img </code><code>is</code> <code>not a block special device.</code>

<code>無論如何也要繼續? (y,n) y</code>

<code>檔案系統标簽=</code>

<code>作業系統:Linux</code>

<code>Stride=</code><code>0</code> <code>blocks, Stripe width=</code><code>0</code> <code>blocks</code>

<code>65536</code> <code>inodes, </code><code>262144</code> <code>blocks</code>

<code>13107</code> <code>blocks (</code><code>5.00</code><code>%) reserved </code><code>for</code> <code>the </code><code>super</code> <code>user</code>

<code>第一個資料塊=</code><code>0</code>

<code>Maximum filesystem blocks=</code><code>268435456</code>

<code>8</code> <code>block groups</code>

<code>32768</code> <code>blocks per group, </code><code>32768</code> <code>fragments per group</code>

<code>8192</code> <code>inodes per group</code>

<code>Superblock backups stored on blocks: </code>

<code>正在寫入inode表: 完成 </code>

<code>Creating journal (</code><code>8192</code> <code>blocks): 完成</code>

<code>Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成</code>

<code>This filesystem will be automatically checked every </code><code>35</code> <code>mounts or</code>

<code>180</code> <code>days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to </code><code>override</code><code>. </code>

<code>[root@logicserver vm1]# mount -o loop centos6.img /mnt</code>

<code>[root@logicserver vm1]# ls /mnt</code>

<code>lost+found</code>

<code>[root@logicserver vm1]# df -lh</code>

<code>檔案系統容量已用可用已用%% 挂載點</code>

<code>tmpfs 462M </code><code>0</code> <code>462M </code><code>0</code><code>% /dev/shm</code>

<code>/xen/vm1/centos6.img 976M </code><code>1</code><code>.3M 908M </code><code>1</code><code>% /mnt</code>

建立系統用到基本目錄

<code>[root@logicserver mnt]# mkdir -pv etc/{init,rc.d} bin sbin lib64 dev proc sys tmp </code><code>var</code>

<code>mkdir: 已建立目錄 </code><code>"etc"</code>

<code>mkdir: 已建立目錄 </code><code>"etc/init"</code>

<code>mkdir: 已建立目錄 </code><code>"etc/rc.d"</code>

<code>mkdir: 已建立目錄 </code><code>"bin"</code>

<code>mkdir: 已建立目錄 </code><code>"sbin"</code>

<code>mkdir: 已建立目錄 </code><code>"lib64"</code>

<code>mkdir: 已建立目錄 </code><code>"dev"</code>

<code>mkdir: 已建立目錄 </code><code>"proc"</code>

<code>mkdir: 已建立目錄 </code><code>"sys"</code>

<code>mkdir: 已建立目錄 </code><code>"tmp"</code>

<code>mkdir: 已建立目錄 </code><code>"var"</code>

<code>[root@logicserver mnt]# ls</code>

<code>bin dev etc lib64 lost+found proc sbin sys tmp </code><code>var</code>

執行腳本程式移植

<code>[root@logicserver ~]# vim bincp.sh</code>

<code>declare -i DebugLevel=</code><code>0</code>

<code>Target=/mnt</code>

<code>[ -d $Target ] || mkdir $Target &> /dev/</code><code>null</code>

<code>read -p </code><code>"A command: "</code> <code>Command</code>

<code>while</code> <code>[ $Command != </code><code>'q'</code> <code>-a $Command != </code><code>'Q'</code> <code>]; </code><code>do</code>

<code>Command=`which $Command | grep -v </code><code>"^alias"</code> <code>| grep -o </code><code>"[^[:space:]]*"</code><code>`</code>

<code>[ $DebugLevel -eq </code><code>1</code> <code>] && echo $Command</code>

<code>ComDir=${Command%</code><code>/*}</code>

<code>[ $DebugLevel -eq 1 ] && echo $ComDir</code>

<code>[ -d ${Target}${ComDir} ] || mkdir -p ${Target}${ComDir}</code>

<code>[ ! -f ${Target}${Command} ] && cp $Command ${Target}${Command} && echo "Copy $Command to $Target finished."</code>

<code>for Lib in `ldd $Command | grep -o "[^[:space:]]*/</code><code>lib[^[:space:]]*"`; </code><code>do</code>

<code> </code><code>LibDir=${Lib%/*} </code>

<code> </code><code>[root@logicserver ~]# sh bincp.sh </code>

<code>A command: init</code>

<code>Copy /sbin/init to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libnih.so.</code><code>1</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libnih-dbus.so.</code><code>1</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libdbus-</code><code>1</code><code>.so.</code><code>3</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libpthread.so.</code><code>0</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/librt.so.</code><code>1</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libgcc_s.so.</code><code>1</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libc.so.</code><code>6</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/ld-linux-x86-</code><code>64</code><code>.so.</code><code>2</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>A command: bash</code>

<code>Copy /bin/bash to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libtinfo.so.</code><code>5</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libdl.so.</code><code>2</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>A command: ls</code>

<code>Copy /bin/ls to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libselinux.so.</code><code>1</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libcap.so.</code><code>2</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libacl.so.</code><code>1</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libattr.so.</code><code>1</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>A command: cat</code>

<code>Copy /bin/cat to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>A command: vim</code>

<code>Copy /usr/bin/vim to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libm.so.</code><code>6</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /usr/lib64/libgpm.so.</code><code>2</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /usr/lib64/perl5/CORE/libperl.so to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libresolv.so.</code><code>2</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libnsl.so.</code><code>1</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libcrypt.so.</code><code>1</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libutil.so.</code><code>1</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libfreebl3.so to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>A command: wget</code>

<code>Copy /usr/bin/wget to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /usr/lib64/libssl.so.</code><code>10</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /usr/lib64/libcrypto.so.</code><code>10</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libgssapi_krb5.so.</code><code>2</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libkrb5.so.</code><code>3</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libcom_err.so.</code><code>2</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libk5crypto.so.</code><code>3</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libz.so.</code><code>1</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libkrb5support.so.</code><code>0</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

<code>Copy /lib64/libkeyutils.so.</code><code>1</code> <code>to /mnt finished.</code>

給init準備好配置檔案并且編輯儲存

<code>[root@logicserver ~]# cp /etc/init/rcS.conf /mnt/etc/init/</code>

<code>[root@logicserver ~]# vim /mnt/etc/init/rcS.conf</code>

<code># rcS - runlevel compatibility</code>

<code># This task runs the old sysv-rc startup scripts.</code>

<code>start on startup</code>

<code>stop on runlevel</code>

<code># Note: there can be no previous runlevel here, </code><code>if</code> <code>we have one it's bad</code>

<code># information (we enter rc1 not rcS </code><code>for</code> <code>maintenance). Run /etc/rc.d/rc</code>

<code># without information so that it defaults to previous=N runlevel=S.</code>

<code>exec /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit</code>

建立rc.sysinit腳本并用chroot驗證

<code>[root@logicserver ~]# vim /mnt/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit</code>

<code>echo -e </code><code>"\tWelcom to Xen DomU Linux"</code>

<code>[root@logicserver ~]# chmod +x /mnt/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit </code>

<code>[root@logicserver ~]# chroot /mnt</code>

<code>bin dev etc lib64 lost+found proc sbin sys tmp usr </code><code>var</code>

同步sync到硬碟，并解除安裝

<code>[root@logicserver ~]# sync</code>

<code>[root@logicserver ~]# sync </code>

<code>[root@logicserver ~]# umount /mnt</code>

<code>[root@logicserver ~]# df -lh</code>

五、DomU的配置檔案

由于他版号太長，把他們這麼複制

<code> </code><code>[root@logicserver ~]# cp /boot/vmlinuz-</code><code>2.6</code><code>.</code><code>32</code><code>-</code><code>279</code><code>.el6.x86_64 /tmp/vmlinux</code>

<code>[root@logicserver ~]# cp /boot/initramfs-</code><code>2.6</code><code>.</code><code>32</code><code>-</code><code>279</code><code>.el6.x86_64.img /tmp/initramfs</code>

複制/etc/xen下例子配置檔案

<code>[root@logicserver ~]# cd /etc/xen/ </code>

<code>[root@logicserver xen]# cp xmexample1 centos6</code>

修改配置檔案選項有

kernel = "/tmp/vmlinux"

ramdisk="/tmp/initramfs"

memory = 512

name = "centos6"

vcpus = 2

disk = [ 'file:/xen/vm1/centos6.img,xvda,w' ]

extra = "3 selinux=0"

#vif = [ '' ] /注釋

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<code>[root@logicserver xen]# vim centos6</code>

<code># -*- mode: python; -*-</code>

<code># Python configuration setup </code><code>for</code> <code>'xm create'</code><code>.</code>

<code># You </code><code>use</code> <code>a separate script </code><code>for</code> <code>each</code> <code>domain you want to create, or </code>

<code># you can </code><code>set</code> <code>the parameters </code><code>for</code> <code>the domain on the xm command line.</code>

<code># Kernel image file.</code>

<code>kernel = </code><code>"/tmp/vmlinux"</code>

<code>ramdisk=</code><code>"/tmp/initramfs"</code>

<code># Optional ramdisk.</code>

<code>#ramdisk = </code><code>"/boot/initrd.gz"</code>

<code># The domain build </code><code>function</code><code>. Default </code><code>is</code> <code>'linux'</code><code>.</code>

<code>#builder=</code><code>'linux'</code>

<code># Initial memory allocation (</code><code>in</code> <code>megabytes) </code><code>for</code> <code>the </code><code>new</code> <code>domain.</code>

<code># WARNING: Creating a domain </code><code>with</code> <code>insufficient memory may cause out of</code>

<code># memory errors. The domain needs enough memory to boot kernel</code>

<code># and modules. Allocating less than 32MBs </code><code>is</code> <code>not recommended.</code>

<code>memory = </code><code>512</code>

<code># A name </code><code>for</code> <code>your domain. All domains must have different names.</code>

<code>name = </code><code>"centos6"</code>

<code># </code><code>128</code><code>-bit UUID </code><code>for</code> <code>the domain. The </code><code>default</code> <code>behavior </code><code>is</code> <code>to generate a </code><code>new</code> <code>UUID</code>

<code># on </code><code>each</code> <code>call to </code><code>'xm create'</code><code>.</code>

<code># List of which CPUS </code><code>this</code> <code>domain </code><code>is</code> <code>allowed to </code><code>use</code><code>, </code><code>default</code> <code>Xen picks</code>

<code>#cpus = </code><code>""</code> <code># leave to Xen to pick</code>

<code>#cpus = </code><code>"0"</code> <code># all vcpus run on CPU0</code>

<code>#cpus = </code><code>"0-3,5,^1"</code> <code># all vcpus run on cpus </code><code>0</code><code>,</code><code>2</code><code>,</code><code>3</code><code>,</code><code>5</code>

<code># </code><code>Number</code> <code>of Virtual CPUS to </code><code>use</code><code>, </code><code>default</code> <code>is</code> <code>1</code>

<code>#vcpus = </code><code>1</code>

<code>vcpus = </code><code>2</code>

<code># Define network interfaces.</code>

<code># By </code><code>default</code><code>, no network interfaces are configured. You may have one created</code>

<code># </code><code>with</code> <code>sensible defaults using an empty vif clause:</code>

<code># or optionally </code><code>override</code> <code>backend, bridge, ip, mac, script, type, or vifname:</code>

<code># vif = [ </code><code>'mac=00:16:3e:00:00:11, bridge=xenbr0'</code> <code>]</code>

<code># or more than one </code><code>interface</code> <code>may be configured:</code>

<code># vif = [ </code><code>''</code><code>, </code><code>'bridge=xenbr1'</code> <code>]</code>

<code># Define the disk devices you want the domain to have access to, and</code>

<code># what you want them accessible </code><code>as</code><code>.</code>

<code># Each disk entry </code><code>is</code> <code>of the form phy:UNAME,DEV,MODE</code>

<code># where UNAME </code><code>is</code> <code>the device, DEV </code><code>is</code> <code>the device name the domain will see,</code>

<code># and MODE </code><code>is</code> <code>r </code><code>for</code> <code>read-only, w </code><code>for</code> <code>read-write.</code>

<code>disk = [ </code><code>'file:/xen/vm1/centos6.img,xvda,w'</code> <code>]</code>

<code># Define frame buffer device.</code>

<code># By </code><code>default</code><code>, no frame buffer device </code><code>is</code> <code>configured.</code>

<code># To create one using the SDL backend and sensible defaults:</code>

<code># This uses environment </code><code>var</code><code>iables XAUTHORITY and DISPLAY. You</code>

<code># can </code><code>override</code> <code>that:</code>

<code># vfb = [ </code><code>'sdl=1,xauthority=/home/bozo/.Xauthority,display=:1'</code> <code>]</code>

<code># To create one using the VNC backend and sensible defaults:</code>

<code># The backend listens on </code><code>127.0</code><code>.</code><code>0.1</code> <code>port </code><code>5900</code><code>+N by </code><code>default</code><code>, where N </code><code>is</code>

<code># the domain ID. You can </code><code>override</code> <code>both address and N:</code>

<code># vfb = [ </code><code>'vnc=1,vnclisten=127.0.0.1,vncdisplay=1'</code> <code>]</code>

<code># Or you can bind the first unused port above </code><code>5900</code><code>:</code>

<code># vfb = [ </code><code>'vnc=1,vnclisten=0.0.0.0,vncunused=1'</code> <code>]</code>

<code># You can </code><code>override</code> <code>the password:</code>

<code># vfb = [ </code><code>'vnc=1,vncpasswd=MYPASSWD'</code> <code>]</code>

<code># Empty password disables authentication. Defaults to the vncpasswd</code>

<code># configured </code><code>in</code> <code>xend-config.sxp.</code>

<code># Set the kernel command line </code><code>for</code> <code>the </code><code>new</code> <code>domain.</code>

<code># You only need to define the IP parameters and hostname </code><code>if</code> <code>the domain's</code>

<code># IP config doesn't, e.g. </code><code>in</code> <code>ifcfg-eth0 or via DHCP.</code>

<code># You can </code><code>use</code> <code>'extra'</code> <code>to </code><code>set</code> <code>the runlevel and custom environment</code>

<code># </code><code>var</code><code>iables used by custom rc scripts (e.g. VMID=, usr= ).</code>

<code># Set </code><code>if</code> <code>you want dhcp to allocate the IP address.</code>

<code># Set netmask.</code>

<code>#netmask=</code>

<code># Set </code><code>default</code> <code>gateway.</code>

<code>#gateway=</code>

<code># Set the hostname.</code>

<code>#hostname= </code><code>"vm%d"</code> <code>% vmid</code>

<code># Set root device.</code>

<code># Root device </code><code>for</code> <code>nfs.</code>

<code># The nfs server.</code>

<code>#nfs_server = </code><code>'192.0.2.1'</code>

<code># Root directory on the nfs server.</code>

<code>#nfs_root = </code><code>'/full/path/to/root/directory'</code>

<code># Sets runlevel </code><code>4</code><code>.</code>

<code>extra = </code><code>"3 selinux=0"</code>

<code># Configure the behaviour when a domain exits. There are three </code><code>'reasons'</code>

<code># </code><code>for</code> <code>a domain to stop: poweroff, reboot, and crash. For </code><code>each</code> <code>of these you</code>

<code># may specify:</code>

<code># </code><code>"destroy"</code><code>, meaning that the domain </code><code>is</code> <code>cleaned up </code><code>as</code> <code>normal;</code>

<code># </code><code>"restart"</code><code>, meaning that a </code><code>new</code> <code>domain </code><code>is</code> <code>started </code><code>in</code> <code>place of the old</code>

<code># </code><code>"preserve"</code><code>, meaning that no clean-up </code><code>is</code> <code>done until the domain </code><code>is</code>

<code># manually destroyed (using xm destroy, </code><code>for</code> <code>example); or</code>

<code># </code><code>"rename-restart"</code><code>, meaning that the old domain </code><code>is</code> <code>not cleaned up, but </code><code>is</code>

<code># renamed and a </code><code>new</code> <code>domain started </code><code>in</code> <code>its place.</code>

<code># In the event a domain stops due to a crash, you have the additional options:</code>

<code># </code><code>"coredump-destroy"</code><code>, meaning dump the crashed domain's core and then destroy;</code>

<code># "coredump-restart</code><code>', meaning dump the crashed domain'</code><code>s core and the restart.</code>

六啟動虛拟機

本文轉自 zouqingyun 51CTO部落格，原文連結：http://blog.51cto.com/zouqingyun/1692831，如需轉載請自行聯系原作者

xen虛拟機利用dom0核心來建立（二）

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